Bio Exam Chapter 5 PLQ – Flashcards

Fluidity of an animal cell plasma membrane is enhanced by __________.

The plasma membrane is selectively permeable. Which of the following can pass freely through the membrane with no assistance?

The lipids in a cell membrane are arranged _____.

When considering the formation of membranes, they __________.

In the figure below, working from the inside out, what would be the order of components observed?

The movement of atoms, ions, or molecules from a region of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration is called _____.

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called __________.

Cells A and B are the same size and shape, but cell A is metabolically quiet and cell B is actively consuming oxygen. Oxygen will diffuse more quickly into cell _____ because _____.

The concentration of solutes in a red blood cell is about 2%. Sucrose cannot pass through the membrane, but water and urea can. Osmosis would cause red blood cells to shrink the most when immersed in which of the following solutions?

Green olives may be preserved in brine, which is a 20-30% salt solution. How does this method prevent contamination by microorganisms?

Which of these statements describes what occurs in facilitated diffusion?

Review the figure below of passive transport, then choose one of the following statements as being descriptive of this process.

What condition might result from an excess of aquaporins?

Which of the following is a difference between active transport and facilitated diffusion?

When in solution, a molecule that moves slowly across an artificial membrane moves rapidly across a plasma membrane. This molecule rapidly enters the cell regardless of whether its concentration is higher inside or outside the cell. Using this information, which transport mechanism is most likely to be responsible for the movement of the molecule across a plasma membrane?

The transport of molecules of a particular solute from inside an animal cell across the cell membrane to the extracellular fluid always requires energy when _____.

Which of the following enables a cell to pick up and concentrate a specific kind of molecule?

A nursing infant is able to obtain disease-fighting antibodies, which are large protein molecules, from its mother's milk. These molecules probably enter the cells lining the baby's digestive tract via _____.

Which statement best describes phagocytosis?

According to the second law of thermodynamics, which of the following is true?

Which of the following is an example of the second law of thermodynamics?

The first law of thermodynamics _____.

Cellular respiration is an example of __________.

A reaction is designated as exergonic rather than endergonic when _____.

Most cellular work is accomplished by _____ energizing molecules by _____ them.

The phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP is an _____ reaction that _____ energy.

During enzymatic reactions, substrates are converted to products. A property of enzymes that facilitates this reaction is that they are catalysts and therefore _____.

The mechanism of enzyme action is to _____.

Lactase is essential for digesting lactose in milk. This enzyme is specific for this sugar. Why?

Taq polymerase is an enzyme isolated from the organism Thermophilus aquaticus. This organism has been found living in the hot springs of Yellowstone National Park. This enzyme is used to copy human DNA from crime scenes. Most reactions are performed at ranges similar to those of the human body; however, what considerations should be made for optimum use of this enzyme?

Frequently, transplanted organs are rejected by the recipient's body. How is this reaction related to plasma membranes?

Which of the following statements is true about passive transport?

What controls the direction of a molecule, such as oxygen, involved in passive transport?

When placed in a hypotonic environment, where the solute concentration is below that of the cell, a houseplant will...

Utah's Great Salt Lake has an average salinity seven times higher than that of the oceans. Very few multicellular organisms live in this harsh environment. An example is the brine shrimp, which must devote a large portion of its metabolic energy to osmoregulation. These brine shrimp must _____.

What substance is transported by aquaporins?

Macrophages are white blood cells that roam the body searching for invading microbes. Inside macrophage vacuoles these invaders are destroyed. How do the microbes get inside the macrophages?