BIO 117 Mastering Nutrition Chapter 8 – Flashcards

Carbon and hydrogen are two examples of... -electron. -antioxidants. -nuclei. -atoms.

A chemical reaction in which atoms lost electrons is... -reduction. -oxidation. -mineralization. -radiation.

How do antioxidant minerals stabilize free radicals? -break down oxidized fatty acids. -donate electrons or hydrogens. -enzymatic destruction. -phagocytosis.

Which of the following diseases has NOT been linked to free radical damage? -heart disease. -arthritis. -type 1 diabetes. -cancer.

The most powerful and abundant form of Vitamin E is... -delta-tocopherol. -beta-tocopherol. -gamma-tocopherol. -alpha-tocopherol.

About 90 percent of Vitamin E is stored in... -the liver. -adipose tissue. -the skin. -cell membranes.

Which of the following nutrients requires the MOST frequent consumption to assure adequate body stores? -beta-carotene. -vitamin E. -vitamin A. -vitamin C.

Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning vitamin C? -Vitamin C acts as an antioxidant that may help to reduce the risk of chronic diseases. -Vitamin C is also known as ascorbic acid. -Vitamin C helps the immune system by protecting white blood cells from oxidation. -Smokers should consume less vitamin C than non-smokers.

Beta-carotene is a precursor of... -retinol. -alpha-tocopherol. -ascorbic acid. -zeaxanthin.

MOST of the body's vitamin A is stored in the... -pancreas. -spleen. -large intestine. -liver.

The light-sensitive pigment found in rod cells and formed by retinal and opsin is... -tocotrienal. -rhodopsin. -chlorophyll. -lutein.

Diseases that cause the malabsorption of fat can result in a deficiency of... -vitamin B12. -vitamin A. -vitamin C. -vitamin B6.

True or False: There is growing evidence that antioxidant supplements do NOT reduce our risk for CVD.

True or False: Vitamin E deficiency causes xerophthalmia, a type of irreversible blindness due to hardening of the cornea.

True or False: A vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness.

True or False: Only the retina's rod cells, and not its cone cells, require retinal.

True or False: Beta-carotene is a precursor of retinol

The inactive forms of vitamins found in the body that must be converted to their active forms before they can be used are known as... -prooxidants. -provitamins. -anticoagulants. -antibodies.

True or False: Research suggests that vitamin C supplements taken daily will reduce the incidence of the common cold.

True or False: Vitamin E deficiencies are common in developing countries.

Which of the following would NOT be a good strategy for increasing vitamin C in the diet? -serving corn chips with salsa. -boiling vegetables to bring the vitamin to the surface of the food. -making a salad with strawberries, kiwi fruit, cantaloupe, and orange slices. -eating raw red, green, and yellow peppers with a low-fat dip.

Which of the following is NOT a function of vitamin C? -ensures proper wound healing. -enhances the absorption of dietary iron. -assists in the synthesis of collagen. -prevents the common cold.

Which of the following would NOT be a good strategy for increasing vitamin E in the diet? -adding sunflower seeds to salads. -deep-frying foods in corn or safflower oils. -eating a peanut butter sandwich. -snacking on vegetables throughout the day.

Which of the following converts oxidized vitamin E into its active form? -selenium. -iron. -vitamin D. -vitamin C.

Which of the following vitamins is the MOST powerful fat-soluble antioxidant? -A -D -E -K