BBC Learn English – Flashcards

To talk about people's appearance or personality you can use: be + adjective slim, well-built matronly: an older woman who is plump (etli butlu) handsome extroverted: a confident person who enjoys being with other people: ▪ He is the most extroverted [=outgoing] member of the family. shy

To talk about physical characteristics you can use: have got + (adjective) + noun: Verb: Have got (Adjective)+ Noun I've got hazel eyes He's got a shaved head She's got gorgeous black hair You've got a five o'clock shadow (kirli sakal, bir günlük sakal) (is a kind of beard or moustache (but not a full beard or moustache) that a man gets if he doesn't shave for a day or two ) We've got green eyes They've got long legs

Some adjectives have a negative connotation (or feeling) and some are more neutral: Negative Neutral fat plump or large skinny slim spinster (kız kurusu) single

To ask about someone's appearance you can use: do + look like? Verb: To do Look like? What do I look like? do you does he/she/it do they

To ask about someone's personality you can use: be + like? Verb: To be Like? What am I like? are you is he/she/it are we are they

Sometimes they become one word: flatmate (noun) lovesick (adjective): a feeling of such strong emotion for someone that it makes you feel almost ill (but not actually physically ill) : kara sevdalı Sometimes they become two words: tourist guide (noun) travel agent (noun) Sometimes they become hyphenated: low-paid (adjective) film-goer (noun) Generally the stress is on the first word: phone box (noun) smoke-free (adjective) spoon-feed (verb): to feed someone (usually a baby) with a spoon or to give someone so much information or help that a task or job is very easy for them: ▪ She spoon-fed the baby. 2 disapproving : to give someone information in a way that requires or allows no further thinking or effort ▪ The material was spoon-fed to the students. ▪ The students are being spoon-fed facts and dates without having any opportunity for discussion. ▪ Misleading facts about the war are being spoon-fed to the public.

Birşeyleri kafasından atmak, zihnini başka şeye vermek That's the good thing about helping other people - it takes your mind off your own problems.

Then we can cheer you up and you can practise your English at the same time.

its your turn for drink It's my/your/her/his round : I'll buy everyone a drink to buy a round (v): often when people are in a group, each person takes it in turn to buy drinks for everyone in the group : to buy a drink for each person present, with the expectation that one or more of those persons will later do likewise. Which one of you guys is going to buy the next round?

Beer can be lager (hafif bira) (fizzy-köpüklü and light) or bitter - sert (non-fizzy and dark). Amount or container Drink A bottle of beer A pint of(büyük bira bardağı) lager A half-pint of bitter A half of shandy (zencefilli bira) Wine can be described by its colour (red, white or rosé) and its taste (sweet or dry). : Amount or container Drink A bottle of wine A glass of champagne A large glass of dry white wine (sek beyaz şarap) Spirits (whisky, gin, vodka, rum etc.) are usually ordered by the glass or by the measure (a single or a double) but never by the bottle in a pub. Spirits can be ordered with a mixer (water, lemonade, etc.), just with ice or with nothing at all. Amount Drink Mixer A whisky A large vodka and coke A double rum with ice a G and T (n, informal): short for a gin and tonic

If people know each other very well or if one person is much older than the other one, they might address each other informally using love, dear, hen, or pet. But it's not usually appropriate for a man to use these terms with a woman, in the way that Tim does with Alice

Stative (or state) verbs describe states (things that don't change easily or quickly, for example, what you believe, think or own) rather than actions (jump, talk or buy). These verbs are not normally used in the continuous form (ing). Stative verbs can be grouped into these categories: Verbs of emotion: care feel hate like loathe love need prefer want Verbs of ownership: own have possess Verbs of the mind: believe mean suppose forget realise understand know remember doubt Verbs of the senses - often used with 'can': hear see smell taste touch Other verbs: contain depend matter Some of these stative verbs can be used in the continuous form but their meaning will change. For example: To think: Do you think so? (Stative - Is that your opinion? Is that the state of your belief?) He's thinking about his friends in Poland (Dynamic - The action of thinking. His friends are in his thoughts, in his mind right now but he might be thinking of something else soon). To have: He has got brown eyes (Stative - He possesses brown eyes. The colour is unlikely to change). He's having a pint of beer (Dynamic - The action of drinking. He might be drinking something else soon). To see: I don't see what you mean. (Stative - I don't understand what you mean). She is seeing him next week. (Dynamic - She is meeting him).

Don't be daft! He's only being polite.

aniden, birdenbire Yes, and why are you so interested all of a sudden? No, no reason really. Look, I've got to get back to the flat, I've got loads of studying to do. Oh relax! The books can wait. Tim's buying the next round. What do you want?

Biriyle ilgilenmek, gözü onda olmak I'm in love! But he doesn't even notice me. He only has eyes for Alice. What can I do?

Love? Love! There's plenty of time for that later. Get your head out of the clouds and back into your books. Do you hear me?

When you're ill, you can describe your symptoms (changes in your body which show that you're ill) in the following ways: You can use have got + ache (when it forms part of a compound noun) with only 5 parts of the body: I've got (a) backache She's got (a) stomach-ache He's got a headache You've got (an) earache He's got (a) toothache Note: All of these aches except headache are usually uncountable in British English so you don't use a or an with them. In American English, all these aches are countable so you use a or an with them. You can use hurt/ache (verb) with any part of the body: My leg hurts Her ankle His stomach aches Everything His stomach My toes hurt His hands ache You can use sore (adjective) with any part of the body: I've got arm She' got a sore (acıyan, ağrılı) leg He's got toe You've got head You can use pain (noun) with any part of the body: I feel my leg She's got a pain in her stomach He has his toe You can use be or feel + ill/sick/unwell (adjective) or feel + awful (adjective) to talk about your health in general: I feel ill He feels awful I'm sick She's unwell We're not well

Good morning!

I've got a very bad headache

a meal made of fried foods (fried egg, mushrooms, bacon etc.)

to study or work until late at night

Who wants...?

You're very annoying

Idioms use language metaphorically rather than literally. 'She put her foot in her mouth' means that she said something stupid and was embarrassed by it (the metaphorical meaning) not that she ate her toes (the literal meaning). Idioms are also fixed groups of words so you can't change the wording of an idiom. For example, you can say 'They get on like a house on fire' to describe how much two people like each other but you can't say 'They get on like a hospital on fire'.

mecazi olarak Idioms use language metaphorically rather than literally. (harfi harfine, düz , tam olarak)

Get your head out of the clouds. Stop daydreaming. Concentrate on what you should be thinking about instead. I laughed my head off at that film. That film was very funny and it made me laugh a lot. I don't know the answer off the top of my head. I can't answer the question immediately. I don't have the answer memorised. Don't bite his head off for that tiny mistake. Don't shout at him for making a small mistake. We should put our heads together to solve this puzzle. We should work together to find the answer. I'm so happy! I'm head over heels in love with that woman! I'm completely in love!

Have a heart! Be sympathetic. Think about other people's feelings, not just your own. We had a real heart-to-heart and now she knows exactly how I feel about her. We were completely honest with each other about our feelings. He seems unfriendly at first but honestly his heart's in the right place. Although he appears cool and distant, he is a good person. I really adored my grandmother and when she died, it broke my heart. I was very sad when my grandmother died. Some students like to learn irregular verbs by heart. They like to learn things by rote, by saying or writing them again and again. He wears his heart on his sleeve, you always know exactly how he's feeling. He doesn't hide his emotions. If he's angry he shows it. If he's happy, he shows it.

Idioms - rich and poor: I'm so broke/I'm flat broke. I don't have any money. I don't have a bean. I don't have any money. You need to tighten your belt. You should try to spend less. He's flush (with cash). He's got a lot of money. She's rolling in it. She's very rich.

We really splashed out on our new car. We spent a lot of money on our new car. This dress cost me an arm and a leg. This dress was very expensive. This bag was dirt cheap. This bag wasn't expensive. I got this new top for a song. This blouse was very cheap. I can't believe the price of a cup of coffee here. It's daylight robbery! This cafe charges very high prices for its coffee.

a young woman who needs help

There is a condition (usually something difficult or unpleasant). In this case Tim will lend Alice some money but she has to repay him in a way that he chooses What's the catch? Alice has to:

a spectator sport where people watch dogs race and bet money on the result

A homophone is a word which is pronounced the same as another word but spelt differently. For example, two (She has two sisters), too (Can I have a coffee too please?) and to (I'm going to lunch). Hi and High Hi, how are you? At 12 o'clock the sun is high in the sky. In and Inn Come in and have a cup of tea. 'Inn' is an old-fashioned word for 'pub'. Meet and Meat Do you want to meet later for a drink? She's a vegetarian so she doesn't eat fish or meat. Our and Hour This is our house. He was waiting for you for over an hour. New and knew I love your new dress! I knew the answer as soon as she asked the question. We and Wee We (my husband and I) would love you to come and stay. Scottish people say 'wee' for 'small' or 'little'. chiefly Scotland + Ireland : very small or very young ▪ He's just a wee lad. Need and Knead We're hungry so we need some food. To make bread you have to knead the dough (a mixture of flour and water). So and Sew It's raining so you need to use your umbrella. Will you sew a button on this shirt for me please? You and Ewe You need to do more studying. You can get wool from a ram (a male sheep) or a ewe (a female sheep). Know and No Do you know where the nearest Post Office is please? No, I don't know where it is, sorry. Not and Knot 2 + 2 is not 5. If you tie string in a knot, it's very difficult to untie it. Allowed and Aloud You're not allowed to smoke in this office. When I was very young, my mum used to read aloud to me every night.

will + base verb: To make a prediction based on personal opinion I think you'll love this film. It's got John Cusack in it. She's convinced that the team won't win the cup. Note: In spoken English will is usually shortened to 'll To express a decision made at the moment of speaking You go with Michal and I'll iron the shirts. We've run out of sugar. I'll buy some later today. To express future facts Beijing will host the next Olympics. The class will finish at 7:30 tonight. In formal written style to express future events (often planned in detail) This clinic will be closed on Bank Holiday Monday. We are sorry there will be no deliveries of mail during next week's postal strike. be + going to + base verb: To make a prediction based on present evidence Look at those dark clouds, it's going to rain. The traffic is terrible! We're going to be late. To talk about plans already made I'm going to see a film tonight (I've already bought my ticket). I've been working hard all week so this weekend I'm not going to do anything at all! shall + base verb: Used with 'we' or 'I' in formal situations or in writing We shall be delighted to have you over for dinner. I shall visit London from the 4th to the 7th of June.

an act of kindness over and above what is usual. Could you do me a favour and lend me £10?

to study I can't go out tonight. I've got to hit the books.

They are a perfect couple. Brad Pitt and Jennifer Aniston seemed made for each other. Everyone was really surprised when they got divorced

Types of film, using the word 'film': A horror film: A film that scares you A science fiction film (a sci-fi film): A film set in the future, or an imaginary world and time An action film: A film with lots of chases, violence and strong heroes Types of film that don't need the word 'film' in the name: A comedy: A film that makes you laugh. A drama: A film about human relationships and life A thriller: A film that keeps you excited Detailed description of films using compound words: A period drama: A drama set in (başlamak, meydana gelmek) a definite historical period A romantic comedy (A rom com): A comedy that is also a love story A psychological thriller: A thriller that has a lot of suspense and fear

A film review: A report about a film, usually with opinion A film critic: A person who writes film reviews A film premiere: The first time a film is shown in a country A film star: A famous actor from films A film-maker: A person who makes films: a film director A film festival: A special event when many different films are shown A film buff: (film düşkünü, kurdu) Someone with a very detailed knowledge of films A film-goer: Someone who regularly goes to the cinema

I don't like it.

I don't like him/her/it. Lots of people think Tom Cruise is fantastic but he doesn't really do it for me.

Films about people living in the future, on other planets. Alice: Oh, sci-fi - not really my thing. Michal: Well, what about Nightmare on Elm Street? They're showing that again here. Alice: No thanks, horror films don't do it for me. Michal: Well, why don't you choose? Alice: No, you invited me out, you choose. Michal: No, I insist.

When someone has a secret: To be a dark horse: This means that someone has a mysterious past or hidden talent. It comes from horse racing, when a successful horse was disguised by changing its colour. Fig. someone or something whose abilities, plans, or feelings are little known to others. (From a race horse about which little or nothing is known.) It's difficult to predict who will win the prize—there are two or three dark horses in the tournament. Everyone was surprised at the results of the election. The dark horse won. To have a skeleton in the cupboard (US closet): This means that someone has a bad or shameful secret in their past, perhaps they were once a criminal. A closet is a small cupboard that people keep their clothes in, so it is a personal space. Before we give you the job, we need to know if you have any skeletons in the cupboard which the press could find out about. Things like a criminal record or drug or alcohol problems in the past. Politicians can't afford to have any skeletons in the closet these days. Their enemies are sure to find them. To have a trick up your sleeve: This means that you have a secret plan or strategy that you will use at the right time in order to be successful. This hidden trick will surprise your opponent. The idiom probably comes from the world of performing magic. "Don't worry, I have tricks up my sleeve." I have a trick up my sleeve. This is a common phrase talking about a magician or again, playing cards. It is written all over your face: This means that you can easily realise that someone has a secret, simply by looking at that person's face. A little bird told me: We use this phrase when we want to keep a source of information secret, when we don't want to say who told us something.

Curiosity killed the cat: We use this to stop someone from trying to find out a secret. It is a warning that looking for the secret might be dangerous Keep your nose out of it: We use this to tell someone to stop asking about a secret or about business that is private. Mind your own business: We use this to tell someone to stop asking about a secret or about business that is private. Andy: This is none of your affair. Mind your own business. Sue: I was only trying to help. Bob: How much did you pay in federal taxes last year? Jane: Good grief, Bob! Keep your nose out of my business! Tom: How much did it cost? Sue: Tom! Get your nose out of my business! "Hey!" shrieked Sally, jerking the checkbook out of Sue's grasp. "Get your nose out of my business!" Keep your ear to the ground: We use this to tell someone to try to find out a secret or private information. If you keep your ear to the ground, you listen carefully for advance warning of something. John had his ear to the ground, hoping to find out about new ideas in computers. His boss told him to keep his ear to the ground so that he'd be the first to know of a new idea. Keep it under your hat: We use this to tell someone to keep something secret To spill the beans: This means to tell someone a secret. There is a surprise party for Heidi on Wednesday. Please don't spill the beans. Paul spilled the works about Heidi's party.

The producer is the manager of the film, and deals with the money and schedules. The director is the creative manager of the film; the director calls 'Action!' and 'Cut!'. The cinematographer/director of photography is responsible for the look of the film - the photography. The screenwriter writes the script or screenplay.(senaryo) The leading actors/the main actors are often famous stars, and they have the most important roles in the script. The supporting actors are the other actors in the film, they have less important roles in the script. The extras are people in the background of the film, they usually don't speak in the film.

What's it called? What is the name of the film? What's it about? What is the story and who are the main characters? Where and when is it set? Where and in what historical time does the story take place? Who's in it? Who are the leading actors? Who's it by? Who is the director (or the screenwriter)? What's it like? What is your opinion of the film? Is it any good? Is the film good?

To have a romantic time (usually an evening) with someone.

We can use the present simple to talk about habits (things that we do regularly), facts (things that are always true) or states (facts that are true for a long time). We can use the present continuous to talk about an activity that's happening now, (or around now) or to talk about planned future arrangements. Present simple Habits: We give Helen the rent every month. She sends the cheque to the landlord. Facts: The sun rises in the east. Brasilia is the capital of Brazil. States: They live in a flat together. Alice doesn't work in a hospital. Present continuous Happening now: I'm just putting the kettle on. They're watching TV. Planned future arrangements: Helen's studying later tonight. I'm playing football with my friends on Saturday.

Take it easy, calm down.

This will make you happy.

I don't know

Would anyone like a cup of tea?

A proverb is a well-known phrase that gives advice or says something that is generally true. Proverbs (atasözü) are fixed groups of words so you can't change the wording of a proverb. For example you can say "Too many cooks spoil the broth" (a lot of people will make a mess of trying to complete a task together) but you can't say "Too many cooks spoil the soup". Proverbs are also so well-known that we often only say the first half of them (the rest we leave unsaid because everyone knows the ending). So for example, Tim said "A fool and her money.." when the whole proverb is "A fool and his money are soon parted" which means that stupid people find it difficult to hold on to their money. In the examples below the part in brackets is often left unsaid. Proverbs: money Money burns a hole in your pocket. You spend your money too quickly. All that glitters (is not gold). Don't judge something by its appearance. It may look like it's worth a lot of money but it might actually be quite cheap. Money talks. People who are rich have more power and influence than people who are poor. Don't count your chickens (before they hatch). You shouldn't spend money (or make plans) based on what you expect to have (or happen) in the future. Where there's muck (çamur) (there's brass - para). You can earn a lot of money if you don't mind getting a bit dirty. Proverbs: work All work and no play (makes Jack a dull boy). If you take your work too seriously you won't have time to relax and have fun. You'll be a boring person if all you think about is work. Many hands (make light work). This is the opposite of "Too many cooks" and means that if we all work together we will complete the task more quickly than if we each work by ourselves. A bad workman (always blames his tools). If you don't do a task well it's because you don't have the skills to do it not because the instruments you used weren't good enough. You can't teach an old dog (new tricks). As people get older, they usually don't like to try new things or new ways of doing things. Make hay (kurutmak için ot biçmek) (while the sun shines). Don't wait till tomorrow to do what you can do today because tomorrow your circumstances might change and you may not be able to do it.

to strike it rich (informal): to get a lot of money suddenly or unexpectedly He struck it rich in the oil business. sumptuous (adj): very expensive and impressive "He likes big meals, so I cook sumptuous ones" to have impeccable (kusursuz) taste: to be able to choose the best things the till (n): the place where you pay for things you buy in a shop Impeccable taste, madam. Now, just take it over to the cash till there and they'll wrap it up for you. to get good reception: when talking about mobile phones, this means that the signal is strong and that you can hear the other person clearly

Such and so can be used for emphasis. For example, 'You're such a goose!' means 'You're very much like a goose!' or 'It's so quiet' means 'It's very quiet'. such + adjective + noun He's such a weird bloke. They're such fantastic cooks. They are such a happy couple. She has such lovely kids. so + adjective/adverb She's so clever. They're so rich. These trains are so slow. He spoke so passionately. You can join two clauses together with such.that and emphasise the noun. Or you can use so.that and emphasise the adverb/adjective. You can also leave out 'that', if you want. so + adjective/adverb It was such a great party (that) we stayed till 2 in the morning! She's such an all-round (çok yönlü, çok yetenekli, mükemmel) athlete (that) I'm not surprised she won the gold. He's so mean (that) he didn't even buy her a birthday present. He works so hard (that) he's bound to be promoted soon. So can also be used to join two clauses or sentences together and it has a similar meaning to 'as a result'. So is more informal than 'as a result'. So - conjunction It was raining so we decided to stay at home. He wants to pass his exams so he studies almost every night.

to have an honest and open conversation about your feelings

to begin again, in a new way Helen: Well because as soon as people know how rich my parents are, they start treating me differently. When you and Tim came to live here I wanted to start afresh so I decided not to tell anyone. Alice: Oh Helen you're such a silly goose! I promise, it won't make any difference to us! So no more secrets OK? Helen: OK then.

a foolish person

a strange man

It's so quiet at work I thought I'd give you a ring. A little bird told me that the landlord is your dad!

Phrasal verbs or multi-word verbs are verbs that are combined with one or two particles (a preposition or adverb), for example, 'out' to make verbs with new meanings. For example, drop means to let slip (She dropped the vase and it broke) but drop out means to leave university or college without graduating (After only 3 months of college, he dropped out and got a job). Phrasal verbs - out Pour out something/Pour something out: Talk about emotions or feelings You can pour out your troubles to me. I won't tell anyone. She really poured her heart out to her mum after she failed her exams. Find out (something): Learn something (by reading or hearing it) I only found out last week that she's getting married. She kept that one a secret! When she found out he was having an affair, she divorced him. Go out (with someone): Have a romantic or sexual relationship with someone They've been going out for 5 years and he still hasn't asked her to marry him. He asked her to go out with him but she didn't fancy him so she said "No." Point out something/Point something out: Inform or tell We had a great tour guide in Paris . She pointed out lots of secret places we'd never heard of before. When I make a mistake I hate the way he always points it out . Fall out (with someone): Have an argument or disagreement with someone and stop being friends with him or her She fell out with me after all these years over an invite to a party! They were best friends for years but they fell out and now they don't even talk to each other. Run out (of something): Not have anything left of something This pen has run out . Can I borrow yours? Our car ran out of petrol and we had to walk 10 miles to a garage to buy some more. Figure something out/Figure out something: Think about something until you discover the answer He figured out how his new DVD player worked after he read the instruction manual.

There are other people available (in this episode, Helen suggest there are other girlfriends apart from Alice for Michal).

to reject someone

There are three types of articles in English. The definite article (the), the indefinite article (a or an) and the zero article (when we don't use a, an or the). Here are some of the rules about when we use each of them: The indefinite article (a or an) To refer to something (that is singular and countable) for the first time in a conversation or piece of text: She's got a dog and a cat. Do you want to see a film tonight? With job titles, professions or to explain what people do: She's an artist. Alice is a nurse. Helen's a student. He's a house-husband. Note: He's an unemployed. He's unemployed. With expressions of quantity: a pair of, a few, a little, a piece of, a bit of, a hundred, a thousand, a million, an hour, a day, a week The definite article (the) To refer to something (that is singular or plural, countable or uncountable) when both the writer and reader, or speaker and listener, know which thing is being referred to: She's got a dog and a cat. The dog is friendly but the cat always scratches me. (kaşınmak, tırnaklamak) Do you want to see a film tonight? Yes, let's see the new Harry Potter one. With rivers, seas and mountain ranges: the Thames , the Atlantic , the Alps Where there is only one of these things or people: the White House, the moon, the UN, the EU, the president With superlative adjectives: She's the best in the class at English. They're the fastest team in the race. The zero article (when we don't use any article) To refer to something (that is plural or uncountable) when talking about things in general: France makes very good cheese. She hates that kind of music. That shop sells fantastic cakes, sweets and chocolates. With streets, cities, countries and mountains: Fifth Avenue, Beijing, India, Mount Fuji With some places and some modes of transport: to/in bed, at home, to/at work, at/to school/college/university, by bus/train/car, on foot

To ask a phone caller to wait (usually music is played while s/he is waiting). OK, just let me put you on hold for a moment please.