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Ernst von Roth, a Nazi official, was killed on November 7, 1938 by a Polish Jew seeking revenge for his parents’ mistreatment. The resulting events were referred to as Kristallnacht. On November 9, Jewish homes, businesses and synagogues across Germany were assaulted. Controversy surrounds the organization of the attacks during kristallnacht, with questions arising about […]

The topic of how Hitler came to power in 1933 has been the subject of much speculation and debate. Some believe it was that Hitler and the Nazis provided the best range of polices. Others such s Edgar Feuchtwanger argue that it was because of the economic situation, whilst Craig would argue that it was the […]

In 1801, the Act of Union between Britain and Ireland saw the closing of Irish Parliament and was therefore routinely denounced by all manner of Irish nationalists. Much of Ireland was owned by absentee protestant ascendancy landlords, which caused a lot of bad feeling among the ordinary Irish people who worked on the land and […]

The long term causes all started at the end of the 15th century when queen Elizabeth 1st confiscated land off the Catholics and gave it to the Protestants. This was a policy known as plantation and continued to happen for many monarchs after her reign. This caused great resentment in Ireland. The problems continued and […]

The primary aspect regarding source J is its relatively recent authorship compared to all other sources. Written 75 years after the murder, this recent source benefits from modern technology that could greatly aid in solving the mystery of the Tsar and his family’s fate. It offers strong evidence to support other sources, while also raising […]

Following on from the battle of Marne (September 1914) there was a deadlock between the opposing forces fighting it out in France. This deadlock surprised people by making the war carry on for a number of years, until finally ending before December 1918. The majority of people think that this is due to the poor […]

Question 1 Source A portrays Stalin negatively, as it was made by one of his adversaries. The image is a satirical travel poster showing stacks of human skulls, with Stalin inviting people to “Visit the USSR’s pyramids.” The caption has dark humor and irony, as the mentioned “pyramids” are actually made up of human skulls. […]

This essay focuses on Martin Luther King Jr.’s achievements and the important events that occurred during his lifetime in his quest for freedom. To gather information, I referred to different sources like books and the Internet, though no direct quotes are included. Born on January 15, 1929, Martin Luther King Jr. emerged as a prominent […]

Architecture encompasses the scientific discipline of creating and arranging structures. Over time, different societies, civilizations, and geographical areas have established unique architectural styles and characteristics. With its ubiquitous presence, architecture profoundly affects individuals’ lives by influencing their surroundings every day. Given that buildings are widely observed and experienced by numerous people, the impression they give […]

By 1876, most of the Sioux had followed Red Cloud and gone to live in the great Reservations. Although most Indians had followed and respected Red Cloud’s decisions, many of the younger warriors had been against this way of life. These young Renegades, led by Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull, refused to give up their […]

During the 18th century serial murders were unheard of. The Whitechapel ripper was one of the first known serial killers in the whole. Communication was so basic in those times but news of Jack The Ripper spread world-wide. The fact that the police never caught the murderer further caused the media to panic and hype […]

The tactics and strategies employed by the Viet Cong and the North Vietnamese Army, and the US and Australian Armed forces, were to become the prime determinants of the outcome of the conflict. Despite America’s abundant resources and advanced technology, their various tactics such as ‘search and destroy’, Operation Rolling Thunder, defoliation, air attacks, the […]

Founded in 1853 by Sir Titus Salt, there are a range of monuments which are still in perfect condition. The words ‘Model Village’ usually refers to a social or industrial development created in the UK during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. They were created by a Philanthropist (a person who dedicates his own time to […]

The Easter Rising was a rebellion staged in Ireland during Easter Week, 1916. The Rising was an attempt by 1,500 brave IRB and ICA militant Irish men and women in their fight to win independence from Britain, it had been well planned out and it could have succeeded if the Irish weren’t heavily outnumbered and […]

The Nazis wished to increase the number of pure German births and suitable marriages and to do this they provided financial incentives in the form of birth grants and marriage loans. In 1935 a marriage law required a certificate of ‘fitness to marry’ before the marriage could take place. This was to help with purer […]

In 1832, parliament passed an act changing the way M.P.s were elected and the way Parliament was run, this resulted significant changes. The act was designed to “take effectual measures for correcting diverse abuses that have long prevailed in the choice of members to serve in the commons house of Parliament”. In this essay I […]

What can you learn from Source A about the treatment of women workers at the end of the Second World War? [6]From Source A, we can learn that at the end of WWII, many women were made redundant. This came after years of propaganda imploring them to go and work to replace the men who […]

In the first three decades of the twentieth century America became the richest and most powerful country in the world. America had so much money it could lend money to Europe after World War One. The average wage for an American was five times more than the average workers wage in Europe. America’s wealth, population […]

On 24th June 1509 Henry VIII inherited the English throne from his father, getting all the power that Henry VII had won at Bosworth and built up throughout his rein. To say Henry VIII inherited a secure throne he must have been in a situation where; his claim to the throne was certain, there were […]

Commander-in-chief during the battle of the Somme, Field Marshall Haig has often been called ‘Butcher of the Somme’ since the battle. A butcher, of course, is someone who kills animals and prepares them to be sold before selling them himself. However, when applied to a person butcher can mean someone who kills heedlessly, brutally or […]

Both sources would likely be valuable to a historian investigating Kristallnacht, albeit with distinct merits. Source A explains how the attack on synagogues and Jewish shops was engineered to “win back Hitler’s support” given that Goebbels was “out of favour with Hitler” in 1954. Meanwhile, Source B is an extract from a clandestine report by […]

Defining “terrorism” is challenging due to its dynamic nature and diverse manifestations, despite nationalist terrorism being a prevalent form of terrorism in contemporary times. Nationalist terrorism involves organized groups with defined structures, political, social or economic objectives, and underlying ideologies. There have been many nationalist terrorist groups, including ETA and the IRA. The IRA has […]