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A system is asset of objects that interrelate with each other to form a whole. It composed of objects called subsystems. System theorists adopt a perspective when they focus on the entire system all the while understanding that the organization is composed of subsystems that are connected together in various ways. Subsystems are useful components […]

The selected titles demonstrate a shift in the syntax of love and marriage. Initially, the authors present different meanings, but ultimately converge on similar ideas. By utilizing literary devices and variations in structure and theme, they depict characters initially immersed in fantasies, gradually facing the realities of life, along with different forms of love. Both […]

Gender is one of the primary means through which identity is socially constructed. The term gender has transcended its earlier “grammar-based” usage of classifying nouns as male, female and neuter. It is not used to describe the biological sexual characteristics by which we identify females and males but to encompass the socially defined roles, attitudes […]

Almost a Woman, Esmeralda Santiago’s sequel to her moving and powerful memoir When I was Puerto Rican, brings to life her experiences as she grows up in Brooklyn. This coming-of-age memoir is about her transition from an adolescent Puerto Rican immigrant attending junior high school and Performing Arts High School to a young woman in […]

Lawrence Norfolk, when asked about his novels, has two distinct ways of answering. When promoting his debut novel, Lempriere’s Dictionary, he famously summarized it as “a 500-page book about a dead dictionary writer with no sex in it.” Similarly, his second novel, The Pope’s Rhinoceros, can be succinctly described as “It’s got the Pope at […]

Human societies, in different contexts and at different times, have produced a number of traditional healers whose roles and functions largely overlap. In this paper, drawing on various literature sources, I will argue that the role of the shaman or traditional healer bears striking similarities with that of helping professionals in the Western world, particularly […]

This essay will briefly outline and critically evaluate Freud’s theory of Psychoanalysis and Bandura’s Social cognitive learning theory to determine which provides a better account of human behaviour. Instincts are inborn, driving forces that are unconsciously embedded and largely govern our behaviour (Freud 1925b; Newbery, 2009, Lecture 2; Ryckman, 2004). Freud’s theory of human behaviour […]

Throughout history, people have faced oppression for various reasons. Similarly, in The Epic of Gilgamesh, the Mwindo Epic, and The Four Plays, the characters experienced oppression but managed to overcome it in their own unique ways. These central characters encountered oppression and found different ways to conquer it. Some sacrificed their lives, others used force, […]

There is much debate among archaeologists and historians about the true purpose of Fishbourne, which has often been called a palace. Some argue it was used as a retirement home for Emperor Vespasian or as a mansio, while others suggest it may have served as a military base or industrial site for the Roman army. […]

After Marius’s victory over the Germanic tribes, the Roman republic was in turmoil. In an attempt to restore stability, hero of the nation Marius and consul Sulla intervened militarily in Rome. Victorious general Lucullus also faced rebellion from his own troops during foreign campaigns. The rampant corruption among high-ranking officials necessitated military action for law […]

Human beings possess an inherent ability to effortlessly process information, which enables them to carry out routine tasks without conscious thought. The human brain can automatically process certain information, such as the ability to focus on a single source of auditory input in a noisy environment – known as the cocktail party phenomenon. However, some […]

Toni Morrison’s Beloved exemplifies the importance of both narrative methods and structure, in addition to the story itself. The opening line, “124 was spiteful,” introduces the reader to a unique approach where the story is started in the middle. Toni Morrison intentionally filled Beloved with “baby’s venom”1 to create a confrontation with the incomprehensible2. Her […]

Men and their fulfilment of sexual desires play an important role within many novels throughout history. Perhaps the two most blatant examples of this from modern literary works are Therese Raquin, by Emile Zola of France, and The House of the Spirits, by Isabel Allende of Mexico. The sexual desires of men in Therese Raquin […]

Multinational corporations (TNCs) often subject their employees to poor working conditions and daily hazards, including low-paid work and child labor. Despite the difficulty of imagining such realities in today’s world, they remain prevalent. TNCs have the power to control and coordinate operations across multiple countries even if they do not own them. These corporations are […]

Touch Me, by James Moloney employs choice/selection of detail to encourage/invite readers to feel empathy and sympathy towards Xavier Mclachlan, the key protagonist of this teenage novel. This is how Moloney positions the reader to respond, however the unique feature of this novel is what Moloney does with the detail he selects for his novel. […]

What justifies hard times? One would be justified to say that America is in the midst of hard times; with high unemployment, out of control government, and a failing economy. Though few would be justified to define a fiercely progressing society, full of promise and growth as one that is facing hard times; Charles Dickens […]

One question that frequently arises is how individuals generate creative solutions. The concept of creativity refers to “the capacity to produce work that is innovative and fitting” (c, 1994). In contrast to the commonly held belief that appropriateness is the defining feature, I argue that creativity involves a distinct set of processes separate from general […]

Economic globalisation is, in a sense, the strengthening of the position of capitalism as the prevailing structure of production in contemporary history According to Walters, globalisation is a ‘social process in which the constraints of geography on social and cultural arrangements recede and in which people become increasingly aware that they are receding. ‘ It […]

Everywhere one turns in modern society, there is a pervasive, constant, and strikingly homogenized 24-hour flow of images, opinions, entertainment, news, advertisements, analysis, and other information available from the different mass media. Academics, the general public, and the media itself have tried to probe the nature of the media’s idealized and remarkably similar messages and […]

Dmitri Gurov is a man living within the confines of a stifled marriage. By spending his years as the lesser force in his relationship with his wife, he begins to fill emasculated and unimportant. In order to regain some control over his own life, Dmitri redefines his view of women and seeks out ways to […]

According to the Oxford Concise English dictionary, science fiction is defined as “a fanciful fiction based on postulated scientific discoveries or environmental changes” (1976). Joanna Russ points out the distinction between science fiction and fantasy, stating that fantasy draws its plausibility standards from observations of current life (Russ 1995:4). Science fiction literature originated in the […]

As we can notice, in the novel the cement garden, within the subject of gender, a struggle in the boys, (Jack and Tom) to define their sexuality arises.Although both cases differ in many aspects; they share one same motive: the lack of male role models. The reason for this is that the only possible prospect […]