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The Prussian Revolution in Military affairs was one of the defining points in the changing nature of warfare; it led to the change of outlook on armies, on warfare and the balance of power in Europe. The Prussian RMA resulted in the establishment of a new order in the armies of Europe; the Prussians developed […]

Throughout history, Mexico has had many revolutions. One of the most important revolutions would have to be the Revolution from 1910-1920. During this revolution, Mexico went through many dictators but eventually ended with a ruler who instilled rules and regulations that are still used today to run Mexico. Laura Esquivel’s novel Like Water for Chocolate […]

Louis XVI became King of France in 1774. In France, as in many other countries during the same period in history, the King was considered to be ‘God’s representative’ and to have total power over the rest of the country. According to certain surviving documents from that time, the King was considered to be a […]

It is not fair to say that the future of the Bourbon monarchy was doomed from the start, because even though there were immediate drawbacks of association with an unpopular peace, this was more than balanced by the fact that France possessed economic and social potential. The good economy was demonstrated by the fact that […]

It is questionable how much of an impact the Army had on the English Revolution of the seventeenth century. However, their importance during the years 1645-1649 is undeniable. Evidence suggests that the Army was the “mainspring of the Revolution and the force that deterred more radical change”. Yet some historians, such as Christopher Hill, question […]

Bajaj Auto TV advertisements in India are highly regarded. Initially, when the Bajaj Pulsar 150 and 180 were introduced, a campaign called ‘Definitely Male’ presented the Pulsar as a strong and rugged motorcycle for men. This campaign was extremely successful. When the DTSi models were launched, the ‘Definitely Male’ campaign was replaced by a ‘Digital […]

Bajaj Pulsar was first introduced as a performance bike for the middle class in the form of Pulsar 150 and Pulsar 180. Over the years it has explored the 135 CC, 200 CC and 220 CC categories also. New models are introduced and the existing models are upgraded every year. The Pulsars pioneered many breakthrough […]

Successfully using foreign exchange efficiently and effectively, fulfilling the economic needs of India and industrial needs, without disregarding consumer needs as well, is the main basis of India’s import policy (Indiamart, 1996-2010). According to Indiamart.com, there are three main objectives when it comes to importing: 1) To make necessary imported goods more easily available, including […]

The study of gene expression provides invaluable insight into an organism’s structure and function; how it is that from a mere embryo genes can control which cells, tissues, organs and limbs will develop, providing the organism with the inherited traits that specifically adapt it to its forthcoming environment. Mutations of particular genes are sometimes associated […]

Eysenck and Keane (2010: 1) state that cognitive psychology aims to understand human cognition through the observation of behavior in cognitive tasks. This essay explores how cognitive processes, such as memory, thinking, and language, are applied by third level students. Modern Irish students face various challenges when starting third level education. They must learn practical […]

 Introduction Over the course of the last few weeks, we conducted experiments in which our goal was to successfully ligate EGFP cDNA into pET41a(+) in order to transform our recombinant expression plasmids into clones of E. coli. After growing these cultures on varieties of agar plates, we attempted to isolate our recombinant plasmid DNA and […]

In the passage, the conversation between Vindice and Gratiana showcases and reinforces the main ideas of immorality, sexual desire, hatred towards women, and depravation. The play takes place in Italy’s royal court where an absence of moral values is the norm. Vindice emphasizes this point by claiming that “the world descends into such base-born evils/ […]

Sperling (1960) based his research on how much information individuals can see in a brief visual display of letters. He established that visual information is held in a temporary sensory store, which he called the visual information store (VIS). He proposed that in the VIS, individuals store the entire stimulus, which decays rapidly (Sperling, 1960). […]

There is no greater tragedy than losing the aim of your existence. Many authors have spent their entire lives focusing on this topic. Among them Ernest Hemingway, one of the greatest American novelists of all time. A great number of his stories is populated by characters caught up in a never-ending search for life’s purpose, […]

James Baldwin’s “Another Country” and Mary Shelley’s “Frankenstein” both portray to the reader the experiences of isolated individuals. Despite their dates of publication being nearly one hundred and fifty years apart, the two novels share numerous similarities in their depiction of the “outsider”, as the characters of Rufus and Victor both seem to isolate themselves […]

Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte, and Robert Browning’s poems Porphyria’s Lover and My Last Duchess, are works written in the Victorian period in which traditional gender stereotypes are both subverted and reaffirmed. As the works progress, a pattern of initial subversion followed by eventual domination and conformity is discovered. It is thus made clear to […]

The texts “Fun Home” by Alison Bechdel and “The Scarlet Letter” by Nathaniel Hawthorne both feature powerful female protagonists who challenge the patriarchal norms of their respective settings. In Bechdel’s memoir and Hawthorne’s novella, these women exhibit emotional strength and defy the stereotype of the ‘weaker sex,’ making them literary heroes. “The Scarlet Letter” is […]

Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers are two of the founding fathers of modern day Humanistic Psychology. Their work into the self-actualisation principle paved the way for further insight into the holistic development of the human psyche. Although they have been heavily criticised for their lack of empirical and theoretical evidence, this can be largely attributed […]

McEwan’s novel (and subsequently Wright’s film), manages to grip the audience and hold its attention simply by retelling a story from different viewpoints. It is this use of multiple perspectives that allows Atonement to be more than a merely average book or film, and turns it into a moving, modern day classic. ‘The novel’s epigraph, […]

In this essay I aim to examine how ideological and cultural assumptions and standards of femininity influence the construction of racial identity with regards to black feminine identity.As Cuomo and Hall identify, the concept of race, like gender, is a socially constructed phenomena; ‘Racial categories are socially constructed and contextually defined. These deconstructive and reconstructive […]

Looking at the representation of war, terror and international relations, feminist scholars such as Enloe and Cohen have suggested we look beyond the politics of diplomacy and foreign policy to consider how international politics may be built around gender relations; reinforcing notions of binary masculine/feminine identity, and how patriarchy may be used to create and […]

The term “homosexuality” is a relatively modern term, coined in the 19th century by Austrian-born human rights campaigner, Karoly Maria Benkert. Although the label is modern, debates about sexuality and same-sex attraction have ranged from Plato’s Symposium to modern queer theory. Among sex researchers today, and within the LGBT community, few issues create a more […]