APWH Comparison Essays Period 5 Test – Flashcards

-Indigenous people were put at the bottom of the social class - Slaves were a vital part of society in both regions. -European colonists in both regions attempted to convert natives to Christianity. -Mixed ethnicity families became more common.

-In Latin America, Spanish and Portuguese colonies treated natives almost as slaves and the native population was heavily repressed. In North America, however, the French built trade agreements and healthy, symbiotic relationships with the natives. -Latin American/Caribbean colonies experienced more uprisings and slave revolts than in North America.

-expansion resulted in the strengthening of the economies because of the increased wealth and bounty that was brought back •religion was a driving force behind expansion because both societies wanted to convert other peoples •expansion of their empires was promoted and encouraged by the political leader because of a desire to increase personal power

- Spanish Empire, the ruler used the services of independent ship captains to expand the empire, while the Ottomans used their military, because the Ottomans were geographically closer to their empire than the Spanish were •expansion in the Ottoman Empire benefited the lower classes more so than did the Spanish conquests because the Ottomans shared their acquired wealth more evenly •the Spanish acquired more wealth from the conquered peoples than did the Ottomans because the Western Hemisphere was rich in gold and silver

- ideas of nationalism led to unification of people with common cultural bonds and language - nations built with strong military leadership (LA: Bolivar, Italy: Garibaldi and Cavour, Germany: Bismarck)

- Latin America; state building was because of ideas of the Enlightenment, desire for Creoles to have their own government positions and control their own country, independence from Spain, Bolivar unable to unite all of South America/ too many diverse groups, geography to achieve that goal. No industrialization/ leadership retained by Bolivar, therefore, establishing the culture of military dictatorship - Italy; state building was because waged primarily against the Austrian Empire, since they directly controlled the predominantly Italian speaking northeastern part/ able to unite Italian speaking provinces/ leadership given over the King Emmanuel - Germany; sparked by desire for German dominance and nationalism; led to unified Germany and an economic superpower due to rapid industrializing

- both had forced labor and used natives for this - original form of labor was changed (Russia- serfdom, Latin America- Ecomienda)

-no racial hierarchy in Russia - In Lat. Am. imported labor from Africa, slave labor was used for a time - labor for cash crops

- governments supported industrialization and was encouraging it to grow in their countries - in contrast to each other Russia feared educating people beyond the minimum needed for soldiers and bureaucracy

Heavy industrialization -Reformed/ Westernized (for Russia it was post Russo-Japanese when they lost to Japan)

-Forced industrialization/government collected all property in Russia, in Japan there was no communism •Civil War in Russia: this affected Russia because there was a revolution and military costed $$ •Stalin's Five Year Plan was scandalously successful, causing Russia's market to boom while the rest of the world (including Japan) dropped

- all of the states were broken from imperialism