APUSH Vocabulary Modern US History Chapter 28-End – Flashcards

Founded in 1958 to compete with Russia's space program. It gained prestige and power with Kennedy's charge to reach the moon by the end of the 1960s.

led the revolution of Cuba and took control of Cuba in 1959; resented past dictators; made Cuba communist

President during part of the cold war and especially during the superpower rivalry and the cuban missile crisis. he was the president who went on tv and told the public about hte crisis and allowed the leader of the soviet uinon to withdraw their missiles. other events, which were during his terms was the building of the berlin wall, the space race, and early events of the Vietnamese war.

Kennedy's plan to deal with foreign powers by not always resorting to nuclear weapons but using specialist like the Green Beret

Kennedy's Marshall Plan for Latin America to establish democratic governments, land reform, economic and social planning; US pledges $20 billion contribution; money wasn't used the way it was intended

Campaign that attempted to register as many African American voters as possible in Mississippi

He was the president that assured the nation that "we shall overcome" when he signed the Voting Rights act of 1965. He also took steps to end discrimination earlier when he signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

Decries the status of American women as housewives in a "comfortable concentration camp." Complains that American women should go to college to get an MRS degree (ha-ha!).

National Organization of Women, 1966, Betty Friedan first president, wanted Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) enforce its legal mandate to end sex discrimination

a prolonged war (1954-1975) between the communist armies of North Vietnam who were supported by the Chinese and the non-communist armies of South Vietnam who were supported by the United States

battle between the U.S. and Russia to see who could make it to the moon first

Kennedy proposed this which was an army of idealistic and mostly youthful volunteers to bring American skills to underdeveloped countries.

In April 1961, a group of Cuban exiles organized and supported by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency landed on the southern coast of Cuba in an effort to overthrow Fidel Castro. When the invasion ended in disaster, President Kennedy took full responsibility for the failure.

Brink-of-war confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union over the latter's placement of nuclear-armed missiles in Cuba.

american who killed Kennedy in Dallas Texas

President Johnson called his version of the Democratic reform program the Great Society. In 1965, Congress passed many Great Society measures, including Medicare, civil rights legislation, and federal aid to education.

This act made racial, religious, and sex discrimination by employers illegal and gave the government the power to enforce all laws governing civil rights, including desegregation of schools and public places.

a law designed to help end formal and informal barriers to African American suffrage. Under the law, hundreds of thousands of African Americans were registered and the number of African American elected officials increased dramatically.

A book by Ralph Nader that told of the dangers of automobiles that owners allegedly knew about and were keeping from the people to increase profits.

"one man, one vote," prohibited racial gerrymandering; ordered state legislative districs to be near equal in population as possible

Ruled that state legislature districts had to be roughly equal in population.

banned formal prayer in schools, goverment whould not make any religion the 'official' religion.

Supreme Court held that criminal suspects must be informed of their right to consult with an attorney and of their right against self-incrimination prior to questioning by police.

Lawyer must be appointed to anyone who cannot afford one

(1973) legalized abortion on the basis of a woman's right to privacy

NY Times published stolen papers that related to the government's decision-making process in Vientam. Government stopped publication. Used the PREFERRED POSITION DOCTRINE, which presumes the expression/speech to be constitutional unless proven otherwise. The Court ruled in favor of the newspaper.

Group of civil rights workers who took bus trips through southern states in 1961 to protest illegal bus segregation

movement in the United States beginning in the 1960s and led primarily by Blacks in an effort to establish the civil rights of individual Black citizens

a militant Black political party founded in 1965 to end political dominance by Whites

(Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee)-a group established in 1960 to promote and use non-violent means to protest racial discrimination; they were the ones primarily responsible for creating the sit-in movement

the belief that blacks should fight back if attacked. it urged blacks to achieve economic independence by starting and supporting their own business.

Black Muslim who argued for separation, not integration. He changed his views, but was assassinated in 1965.

Organized Union Farm Workers (UFW); help migratory farm workers gain better pay & working conditions

Movement in the US primarily in the 1970's to increase woman's rights. Concentrated on social change by focusing on private life

allowed the president to take all necassay measures to repel armed attack or prevent further aggression

a prolonged war (1954-1975) between the communist armies of North Vietnam who were supported by the Chinese and the non-communist armies of South Vietnam who were supported by the United States

bombing campaign over North Vietnam, supposed to weaken enemy's ability and will to fight

1964; Republican contender against LBJ for presidency; platform included lessening federal involvement, therefore opposing Civil Rights Act of 1964; lost by largest margin in history

Mutually Assured Destruction

he was elected to be US President after Johnson decided to not to run for US president again. He promised peace with honor in Vietnam which means withdrawing American soliders from South Vietnam

A book by historian Arthur Schlesinger that suggests presidential power is too excessive.

Ohio college where an anti-war protest got way out of hand, the Nat'l Guard was called in and killed 3 students (innocent & unarmed,wounded 9) in idiscriminate fire of M-1 rifles

Black Mississippi College, anti war demonstrators seize womens dorm, unprovoked state police open fire, kill 2 (innocent & unarmed, wound 12)

Young americans in 60s who rejected conventional customs & mainstream culture

a massive surprise attack by the Vietcong on South Vietnamese towns and cities in early 1968.

1968 Democratic candidate for President who ran to succeed incumbent Lyndon Baines Johnson on an anti-war platform.

He was a Democrat who ran for president in 1968 promoting civil rights and other equality based ideals. He was ultimately assassinated in 1968, leaving Nixon to take the presidency but instilling hope in many Americans.

The democratic nominee for the presidency in the election of 1968. He was LBJ's vice president, and was supportive of his Vietnam policies. This support split the Democratic party, allowing Nixon to win the election for the Republicans.

significant event in presidential election of 1968; demonstrated the confusion and lack of unity among Democrats; outside, protests and police brutality

President Richard Nixons strategy for ending U.S involvement in the vietnam war, involving a gradual withdrawl of American troops and replacement of them with South Vietnamese forces

During the Vietnam War, the Nixon Doctrine was created. It stated that the United States would honor its exisiting defense commitments, but in the future other countries would have to fight their own wars without support of American troops.

In 1968 American troops massacred women and children in the Vietnamese village of My Lai; this deepened American people's disgust for the Vietnam War.

-Nixon sent for talks with Soveits and Chinese -reported there was peace at hand in Vietnam causing Nixon to win 1972 Election

relaxation of tensions between the United States and its two major Communist rivals, the Soviet Union and China

negotiations between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics opened in 1969 in Helsinki designed to limit both countries' stock of nuclear weapons

McGovern was a senator from South Dakota during the Cold War; he also ran for president against Nixon in 1972. His defeat signaled that America was in the mood for change from the Democrats.

Richard Nixon's committee for re-electing the president. Found to have been engaged in a "dirty tricks" campaign against the democrats in 1972. They raised tens of millions of dollars in campaign funds using unethical means. They were involved in the infamous Watergate cover-up.

young, urban professionals who wore ostentatious gear such Rolex watches or BMW cars. They came to symbolize the increased pursuit of wealth and materialism of Americans in the 1980s.

Ford wanted to heal political wounds, have country move forward, and to end Nixon's pain

President who stressed human rights. Because of the Soviet war in Afghanistan, he enacted an embargo on grain shipments to USSR and boycotted the 1980 Olympics in Moscow

1978 - Passed by President Carter, these called for the gradual return of the Panama Canal to the people and government of Panama. They provided for the transfer of canal ownership to Panama in 1999 and guaranteed its neutrality.

Additional arms limitations signings in 1979 which places limits on long-range missiles, bombers and nuclear warheads.

A peace treaty between Israel and Egypt where Egypt agreed to recognize the nation state of Israel

In 1979, Iranian fundamentalists seized the American embassy in Tehran and held fifty-three American diplomats hostage for over a year. The Iranian hostage crisis weaked the Carter presidency; the hostages were finally released on January 20, 1981, the day Ronald Reagan became president.

U.S. president from 1980-1988 who labeled the Soviet Union as an "evil empire," dramatically increased military spending, and provided money and supplies to support the Afghan rebels in their war against the Soviet Union

The federal economic polices of the Reagan administration, elected in 1981. These policies combined a monetarist fiscal policy, supply-side tax cuts, and domestic budget cutting. Their goal was to reduce the size of the federal government and stimulate economic growth.

"peace through strength" support to anti-communist opposition

first woman supreme court justice. appointed by Reagan

a political or theological orientation advocating the preservation of the best in society and opposing radical changes

conservative religious group in the 1990s that attracted an enormous amount of media attention and became a prominent force in many national, state, and local elections

the group that aided politicians who pursued religiously conservative goals

Space Shuttle exploded killing all 7 crew members, national mourning

He was the vice president of Carter and when he won the democratic nomination he was defeated by a landslide by Reagan. He was the first presidential candidate to have a woman vice president, Geraldine Ferraro.

republican, former director of CIA, oil company founder/owner, foreign policy (panama, gulf war), raised taxes eventhough said he wouldnt, more centrist than his son, NAFTA negotiation

Operation Desert Storm was the code name given to the first U.S.-led war against Iraq in the Persian Gulf on January 17, 1991.

42nd President advocated economic and healthcare reform; second president to be impeached; scandal with White House intern Monica Lewinsky and Whitewater business faults

This billionaire was a third-party candidate in the 1992 presidential election won 19 percent of the popular vote. His strong showing that year demonstrated voter disaffection with the two major parties.

Result of a political sex scandal emerging from a sexual relationship between United States President Bill Clinton and a 22-year-old White House intern, Monica Lewinsky.

43rd president of the US who began a campaign toward energy self-sufficiency and against terrorism in 2001

Was a 1950's doctor who told the whole baby boom generation how to raise their kids. He also said that raising them was more important and rewarding than extra $ would be.

scandal including arms sales to the Middle East in order to send money to help the Contras in Nicaragua even though Congress had objected

A trade agreement between Canada, the United States and Mexico that encourages free trade between these North American countries.

this was a law to encourage more people to participate in voting. This allowed people to register to vote while they renewed their license. The thought was that most people renew their license and thus it would give them a chance to register at the same time.

1993 legislation that allows an employee to take unpaid leave due to illness or to care for a sick family member or to care for a new son or daughter including by birth, adoption or foster care.

bill that encouraged employment among the poor

Reported that gore had won the crucial state of florida but polls were still open. In the morning FL went to Bush. Netweorks said it was so close that a recount was neccesary. Bush's chief attorney Mark Rosco.

this case ruled in favor of Bush by saying that recounting the votes in certain counties of Florida was unconstitutional because of equal protection of the law; Gore's wish to make the process as simple and painless as possible backfired

first woman Speaker of the House