question

In the 1820s and 1830s, the two issues that greatly raised the political stakes were

answer

slavery and economic distress.

question

The so-called Era of Good Feelings was never entirely tranquil, but even the illusion of national consensus was shattered by the

answer

Panic of 1819 and the Missouri Compromise of 1820

question

The new two-party political system that emerged in the 1830s and 1840s

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became an important part of the nation's checks and balances

question

In the 1820s and 1830s, the public's attitude regarding political parties

answer

reflected growing acceptance of the wild contentiousness of political life.

question

The presidential election of 1824

answer

was the first one to see the election of a minority president.

question

The House of Representatives decided the 1824 presidential election when

answer

no candidate received a majority of the vote in the Electoral College

question

John Quincy Adams, elected president in 1825, was charged by his political opponents with having struck a "corrupt bargain" when he appointed ____ to become ____.:

answer

Henry Clay, secretary of state

question

As president, John Quincy Adams

answer

was one of the least successful presidents in American history

question

Andrew Jackson's Democratic political philosophy was based on his

answer

suspicion of the federal government

question

The purpose behind the spoils system was

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to reward political supporters with public office

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The spoils system under Andrew Jackson resulted in

answer

the appointment of many corrupt and incompetent officials to federal jobs

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Writing about his observations of America and Americans as he traveled across the United States, the Frenchman Alexis de Tocqueville was most struck by

answer

the general equality of condition among the people

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Opposing the Tariff of 1828, Southerners labeled it a "Yankee Tariff" because

answer

the tariff protected New England manufacturing at their expense

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The strong regional support for the Tariff of 1833 came from

answer

the South

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The Force Bill of 1833 provided that the

answer

President could use the army and navy to collect federal tariff duties

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The person most responsible for defusing the tariff controversy that began in 1828 was

answer

Henry Clay

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In an effort to assimilate themselves into white society, the Cherokees did all of the following except

answer

refuse to own slaves

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Andrew Jackson and his supporters disliked the Bank of the United States for all of the following reasons except it

answer

put public service first, not profits

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Andrew Jackson made all of the following charges against the Bank of the United States except that

answer

the bank was beholden to British financial interests

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While in existence, the second Bank of the United States

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was the depository of the funds of the national government

question

Andrew Jackson's veto of the recharter bill for the Bank of the United States was

answer

major a expansion of presidential power

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Andrew Jackson based his veto of the recharter bill for the Bank of the United States on

answer

advice from Henry Clay and other close advisors

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The Anti-Masonic party of 1832 appealed to

answer

American suspicions of secret societies

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Innovations in the election of 1832 included

answer

adoption of written party platforms

question

All of the following were characteristics of Henry Clay's election campaign of 1832 except

answer

overconfidence of his campaign and the National Republicans

question

One of the main reasons Andrew Jackson decided to weaken the Bank of the United States after the 1832 election was

answer

his fear that Nicholas Biddle might try to manipulate the bank to force its recharter

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Supporters of the Whig party included all of the following except

answer

opponents of public education

question

The cement that held the Whig party together in its formative days was

answer

hatred of Andrew Jackson

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The Whigs offered all of the following proposals for the remedies of the economic ills facing America in 1837 except

answer

proposal of the Divorce Bill

question

Americans moved into Texas

answer

after an agreement was concluded between Mexican authorities and Stephen Austin

question

Texans won their independence as a result of the victory over Mexican armies at the Battle of

answer

San Jacinto

question

Spanish authorities allowed Moses Austin to settle in Texas because

answer

they believed that Austin and his settlers might be able to civilize the territory

question

Presidents Jackson and Van Buren hesitated to extend recognition to and to annex the new Texas Republic because

answer

antislavery groups in the United States opposed the expansion of slavery

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All of the following gave rise to a more dynamic, market-oriented, national economy in early nineteenth-century America except

answer

government regulation of all major economic activity

question

For women, life on the frontier was especially difficult because they

answer

experienced extreme loneliness, and could go weeks without seeing another person

question

In early-nineteenth-century America, the

answer

urban population was growing at an unprecedented rate

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George Catlin advocated

answer

the preservation of nature as a national policy

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Ireland's great export in the 1840s was

answer

people

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Whether they were propertied or landless, immigrants were often enticed to leave their homelands by

answer

letters from family or friends in the U.S., bragging about easy opportunities for wealth

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When the Irish flocked to the United States in the 1840s, they stayed in the larger seaboard cities because they

answer

were too poor to move west and buy land

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Native-born Protestant Americans distrusted and resented the Irish mostly because these immigrants

answer

were Roman Catholic

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German immigrants in the early nineteenth century tended to

answer

preserve their own language and culture

question

When German immigrants came to the United States, they

answer

prospered with astonishing ease

question

The sentiment of fear and opposition to open immigration was called

answer

nativism

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Between 1830 and 1860, nearly ____ million Irish arrived in America

answer

2

question

Native-born Americans feared that Catholic immigrants to the United States would

answer

establish the Catholic Church at the expense of Protestantism

question

All of the following are true statements about German immigrants except

answer

they typically settled in Northeast coastal cities

question

True or false: Money for capital investment was not plentiful in pioneering America

answer

false

question

The "Father of the Factory System" in the United States was

answer

Samuel Slater

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A great deal of the cotton produced in the American South in the early nineteenth century was

answer

sold to New England textile mills

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The American phase of the industrial revolution first blossomed

answer

in the New England textile industry

question

As a result of the development of the cotton gin

answer

slavery revived and expanded

question

The underlying basis for modern mass production was

answer

the use of interchangeable parts

question

The early factory system distributed its benefits

answer

mostly to the owners

question

Match each individual below with the correct invention: A. Samuel Morse B. Cyrus McCormick C. Elias Howe D. Robert Fulton 1. telegraph 2. mower-reaper 3. steamboat 4. sewing machine

answer

A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3

question

The American workforce in the early nineteenth century was characterized by

answer

substantial employment of women and children in factories

question

All of the following are true statements about the workers in the Lowell factory system except

answer

they worked five days a week for twelve to thirteen hours a day

question

One reason that the lot of adult wage earners improved was

answer

the enfranchisement of the laboring man

question

The cult of domesticity

answer

glorified the traditional role of women as homemakers

question

One of the goals of the child-centered family of the 1800s was to

answer

raise independent individuals

question

The effect of early-nineteenth-century industrialization on the trans-Allegheny West was to encourage

answer

specialized, cash-crop agriculture

question

With the development of cash-crop agriculture in the trans-Allegheny West

answer

farmers quickly faced mounting indebtedness

question

The first major transportation project, which ran sixty-two miles from Philadelphia to Lancaster, Pennsylvania, was the

answer

Lancaster Turnpike

question

After the construction of the Lancaster Turnpike and the Cumberland (National) Road, road building slowed somewhat because of

answer

the steamboat and canal boom

question

Western road building faced all of the following problems except

answer

competition from canals

question

Construction of the Erie Canal

answer

forced some New England farmers to move or change occupations

question

Most early railroads in the United States were built in the

answer

North

question

Compared with canals, railroads

answer

could be built almost anywhere

question

In the new continental economy, each region specialized in a particular economic activity the South ____ for export; the West grew grains and livestock to feed ____; and the East ____ for the other two regions.

answer

grew cotton, eastern factory workers, made machines and textiles

question

In general, ____ tended to bind the West and South together, while ____ and ____ connected West to East.

answer

steamboats, canals, railroads

question

All of the following were legal questions raised as a result of the new market economy except

answer

can a democratic government still support slavery?

question

A major economic consequence of the transportation and marketing revolutions was

answer

a steady improvement in average wages and standards of living

question

A third revolution accompanied the reformation of American politics and the transformation of the American economy in the mid-nineteenth century, which contained all of the following characteristics except

answer

focused on preserving the traditions of the founders

question

Church attendance was still a regular ritual for ____ of the 23 million Americans in 1850

answer

3/4

question

Unitarians held the following beliefs except

answer

they believed in a stern and Puritan type of God

question

By 1850, organized religion in America

answer

had lost some of its austere Calvinist rigor

question

All the following are true of the Second Great Awakening except that it

answer

was not as large as the First Great Awakening

question

Unitarians endorsed the concept of

answer

free will and salvation through good works

question

Religious revivals of the Second Great Awakening resulted in

answer

a strong religious influence in many areas of American life

question

The Second Great Awakening tended to

answer

promote religious diversity

question

Which one of the following is least related to the other four?

answer

William Miller

question

Besides polygamy, a characteristic of Mormonism that angered many non-Mormon Americans was their

answer

emphasis on cooperative efforts, voting as a unit and openly drilling their militia

question

The religious zeal of the Second Great Awakening led to the founding of many small, denominational, liberal arts colleges, chiefly in the

answer

South and West

question

Many of the denominational liberal arts colleges founded as a result of the Second Great Awakening

answer

lacked much intellectual vitality

question

The idea of free public education as an essential component of American democracy grew in the early nineteenth century with the influence of

answer

Thomas Jefferson and Horace Mann

question

In the first half of the nineteenth century, tax-supported schools were

answer

chiefly available to educate the children of the poor

question

Despite early resistance, the main reason free public education ultimately triumphed was

answer

wealthy Americans realized that without an education, children could grow up to be a dangerous, ignorant rabble armed with the vote

question

Noah Webster's dictionary

answer

helped to standardize the American language

question

One strong prejudice inhibiting women from obtaining higher education in the early nineteenth century was the belief that

answer

too much learning would injure women's brains, ruin their health, and make them unfit for marriage

question

All of the following were nineteenth century notions of gender differences except

answer

men were charged with teaching young boys to be good and productive citizens

question

Those seeking to reform women's style of dress claimed all of the following except

answer

that bloomer-style trousers were more economical to produce

question

One sign that women in America were treated better than women in Europe was that

answer

rape was more severely punished in the United States

question

Neal Dow sponsored the Maine Law of 1851, which called for

answer

a ban on the manufacture and sale of intoxicating liquor

question

By the 1850s, the crusade for women's rights was eclipsed by

answer

abolitionism

question

The beliefs advocated by John Humphrey Noyes included all of the following except

answer

strictly monogamous marriages

question

The key to Oneida's financial success was

answer

the manufacture of steel animal traps and silverware

question

Which of the following was not associated with the early nineteenth-century cause of women's rights?

answer

Emily Dickinson

question

The Oneida colony declined due to

answer

widespread criticism of its sexual practices

question

Most of the utopian communities in pre-1860s America held ____ as one of their founding ideals

answer

cooperative social and economic practices

question

Match each individual below with his or her achievement: A. Thomas Jefferson B. Gilbert Stuart C. Louisa May Alcott D. Margaret Fuller 1. author of Little Women 2. portrait artist from Rhode Island 3. transcendentalist editor of The Dial 4. architect of the University of Virginia

answer

A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3

question

America's artistic achievements in the first half of the nineteenth century

answer

were least notable in architecture

question

Perhaps the greatest inhibiting factor for American artists in the first half of the nineteenth century was the

answer

Puritan prejudice that art was a waste of time.

question

The Hudson River school excelled in the art of painting

answer

landscapes

question

Match each writer below with his work: A. Nathaniel Hawthorne B. James Fenimore Cooper C. Herman Melville D. Henry David Thoreau 1. Walden 2. The Last of the Mohicans 3. The Marble Faun 4. Moby Dick

answer

A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1

question

The Poet Laureate of Democracy, whose emotional and explicit writings expressed a deep love of the masses and enthusiasm for an expanding America, was

answer

Walt Whitman

question

The writer who faded to obscurity in the nineteenth century but was recognized as one of America's greatest geniuses in the twentieth century was

answer

Herman Melville

question

The most noteworthy southern novelist before the Civil War was

answer

William Gilmore Simms

question

One American writer who did not believe in human goodness and social progress was

answer

Edgar Allan Poe

question

Match each writer below with his work: A. Walt Whitman B. Edgar Allan Poe C. Nathaniel Hawthorne D. Ralph Waldo Emerson 1. The Scarlet Letter 2. The American Scholar 3. Leaves of Grass 4. "The Fall of the House of Usher"

answer

A-3, B-4 , C-1 , D-2

question

Virtually all the distinguished historians of early-nineteenth-century America came from

answer

New England

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