APUSH Period 1 Study Guide – Flashcards
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Pueblo Indians
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-Economy based on trade -In the New Mexico Area -The men hunted and waged war while women kept the house -Excellent farmers
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Chinook Indians
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-Their diet mostly consisted of fish -Skilled traders -On the Northwest Coast
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Iroquois Indians
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-Mostly farmers, but also hunted, gathered, and fished -Very religious -In New York
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Algonquin Indians
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-In Southwest Canada -Very active for trade
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Smallpox
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A highly contagious viral disease characterized by fever, weakness, and skin eruption with pustules that form scabs of the face and body; responsible for killing Native Americans.
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Mestizo
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A person of mixed Native American and European ancestry.
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Zambo
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A person of mixed Native American and African ancestry.
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Columbian Exchange
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An exchange of goods, ideas, culture, and diseases from the Old World (Europe, Asia and Africa) to the New World (North and South America) and vice versa.
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Encomienda System
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A legal system that was employed mainly by the Spanish crown during the colonization of the Americas to regulate Native American labor
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Christopher Columbus
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-Discovered America -Motivated by wealth
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Juan Ponce de León
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-Led the first European expedition to Florida -Searched for the fountain of youth -First Governor of Puerto Rico
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St. Augustine, 1565
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-A fort that was created by the Spanish in Florida -Located at the fountain of youth
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Walter Raleigh
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-Searched for the "City of Gold" for England -Led the 2nd expedition to EL Dorado
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Roanoke, 1586
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The 1st attempt to colonize by Queen Elizabeth I; The ship left to get more supplies, but when it came back everybody was gone
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Sextant
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A navigation tool that used degrees to determine a ship's latitude and longitude by measuring the altitudes of stars
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Joint Stock Companies
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Businesses in which a group of people invest together. The investors then share in the companies' profits and losses. Joint Stock Companies helped merchants raise money while reducing the individual risk of starting a business for each investor.
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Juan de Sepúlveda
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A Spanish humanist philosopher and theologian who claimed that Native Americans couldn't govern themselves
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Bartolomé de Las Casas
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A spanish historian that argued for social reform. He was the first appointed "Protector of Indians."
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Spanish Mission System
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Christian Missions during the 15th-17th centuries in Mexico that tried to convert the indigenous people
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Juan de Oñate
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A Spanish Conquistador that founded the first settlement in New Mexico. He also served as the first Governor of New Mexico
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Maroons
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Runaway slaves in the New World
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African American Religion
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-Animistic, commonly orally passed down -Often times each tribe had their own religion
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Astrolabe
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A tool used by astronomers, navigators, and astrologers to determine their location by using the stars
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Conquistadors
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Spanish Explorers that went out into the new world in hopes to gain wealth from their discoveries
