APUSH Chapter 12 Vocabulary – Flashcards

A Washington lawyer who watched the all-night battle at Fort McHenry and showed his pride by writing what became the national Anthem. He is significant because his experience and poem became the national symbol of patriotism in the USA.

A battle that happened after the Treaty of Ghent was signed. General Jackson defeated the British in a stunning victory. It showed the need of faster communication as well as the superiority of Jackson's strategy over the British.

He became a general in 1812 and was the leader in the Battle of New Orleans. Two weeks after he won the battle, the diplomats returning from Britain came back with a treaty; thus, the Americans believed that the British had once again surrendered and a new era of nationalism came. He showed the American Government still had flaws and could be turned into almost a dictatorship.

The "dynasty" comprised of the four of the first five presidents (Washington, Jefferson, Madison, Monroe), all of whom were Virginian plantation owners (1801-1825). It showed the influence that birth place can have on population of voters.

A war between Great Britain and the US, fought chiefly along the Canadian border (1812-1814). It was also referred to as the War of 1812.

A hero of the Battle of Tippecanoe and ninth president of the United States. Harrison, a Whig, won the 1840 election on a "Log Cabin and Hard Cider" campaign, which played up his credentials as a backwoods westerner and Indian fighter. Harrison died of pneumonia just four weeks after his inauguration. His death created a brief Constitutional crisis, but ultimately resolved many questions about presidential succession left unanswered by the Constitution until passage of the 25th Amendment.

The increase in nationalism during Era of Good Feelings. It showed how patriotism is determined by condition of living and emotion in a country.

An economic program promoted by Henry Clay; it included a strong banking system that could provide easy credit, protective tariff to allow eastern manufacturing to grow, and a network of federally financed canals and highways to knit the country together economically and politically. It was a revolution in transportation.

A senator from Kentucky; he was referred to as the Great Compromiser because he was credited for the Missouri Compromise and other major political compromises between 1820 through 1850. He was a main political figure head during a period of major growth in America.

The 5th President of the United States of America during the Era of Good Feeling. He delivered a speech to congress named the Monroe Doctrine. Monroe showed a strong sense of nationalism, creating national pride. He also helped establish America as a world power.

A name for President Monroe's two terms, a period of strong nationalism, economic growth, and territorial expansion. Since the Federalist party dissolved after the War of 1812, there was only one political party and no partisan conflicts.

The Economic Panic of 1819 is the first major financial crisis in the United States, and was particularly shocking because it occurred during the "Era of Good Feelings". It was the result of the end of the economic expansion in the United States after the creation of the Second Bank of the United States and subsequent financial boom. The Economic Panic of 1819 was significant because it brought about new financial policies that shaped the economic development of the Country moving forward.

Having an equal amount of free states and slave states so as to keep either side from gaining a political majority in the senate. This kept the political issue of slavery in check. It was eventually refuted in the compromise of 1850 with the admission of California as a free state.

Compromise over the issue of slavery in Missouri; also known as the "Compromise of 1820". It was decided that Missouri would enter as a slave state and Maine entered as a free state and all states North of the 36th parallel were free states and all South were slave states.

The idea that Constitution and Federal Law is superior to State Constitutions and State Law. Therefore, the Supreme Court is the final arbiter on Constitutional Questions

U.S. Supreme Court decision that established the supremacy of federal law and the ability of congress to exercise powers needed to carry out its duties; state cannot overturn laws passed by Congress.

U.S. Supreme Court decision reinforcing the "commerce clause'' (the federal government's right to regulate interstate commerce) of the Constitution. Chief Justice John Marshall ruled against the State of New York's granting of steamboat monopolies.

A great American orator. He gave several important speeches, first as a lawyer, then as a Congressman. He was a major representative of the North in pre-Civil War Senate debates, just as Senator John C. Calhoun was the representative of the South in that time.

In 1819 Spain ceded Florida and other claims to Oregon in exchange for Texas. This gave land to Mexico but later caused Americans to fight against Mexicans for their old land.

A political policy of the United States by President James Monroe in 1823 that states the Western Hemisphere is closed to European interference. It also declared that a New World colony which has gained independence may not be recolonized by Europe. It was written at a time when many South American nations were gaining independence. Only England, in particular George Canning, supported the Monroe Doctrine. It was mostly just a show of nationalism, the doctrine had no major impact until later in the 1800's.

Factionalism on a larger, more regional scale, with fewer but larger factions. Sectionalism during the 1800's over the slavery issue nullified the benefits of Madison's extended republic and led to the Civil War.

An euphemism for slavery and the economic ramifications of it in the American South. The term aimed to explain away the seeming contradiction of legalized slavery in a country whose Declaration of Independence states that "all men are created equal". It was one of the key causes of the Civil War.