Apush Chapter 10 Test Questions – Flashcards

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second party system
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1830's fell fledged 2 party system emerged. WHIGS= anti-jackson DEMOCRATS=jackson's followers and former Democratic Republicans.
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democratic party
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One of the two major U.S political party;founded in 1828 by Andrew Jackson to support a decentralized government and state's rights
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whig party
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Political party formed in 1834 to oppose policies of Andrew Jackson
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henry clay
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United States politician responsible for the Missouri Compromise between free and slave states (1777-1852)
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the american system
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Henry Clay invented this idea. It had three main parts, a strong banking system, a tariff, and a network of roads and canals.
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john quincy adams
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6th president; in favor of funding national research and he appointed Henry Clay as his Secretary of State. During his presidency the National Republicans were formed in support of him.
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andrew jackson
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7th President; successfully defended New Orleans from the British in 1815; expanded the power of the presidency
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election of 1824
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John Quincy Adams won after Henry Clay gave his support to Adams, securing his Presidency. When Adams appointed Clay as his secretary of state, Jackson's supporters raged that a corrupt bargain had cheated Jackson of presidency.
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congressional caucus
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An association or members of Congress based on party, interest, or social group such as gender or race.
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corrupt bargain
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the alleged deal between John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay in the Election of 1824 that stole the election from Andrew Jackson
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martin van buren
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8th President. 1837-1841. Democratic
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albany regency
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The tightly disciplined state political machine built by Martin Van Buren in New York
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election 1828
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Jackson defeats John Quincy Adams in this election, becoming our 7th President
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spoils system
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the system of employing and promoting civil servants who are friends and supporters of the group in power
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maysville road bill
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Jackson vetoes the feneral funding of this KY road because it only benefited this one state. Jackson said it had to benefit more than one state to be federally funded.
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indian removal act 1830
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Passed by Congress under the Jackson administration, this act removed all Indians east of the Mississippi to an "Indian Territory" where they would be "permanently" housed.
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tariff of abominations, 1828
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Tariff passed to help Northern businesses but was hated by southerners such as Calhoun. Led to the Nullification Crisis
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nullification crisis
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Southerners favored freedom of trade and believed in the authority of states over the federal government. Southerners declared federal protective tariffs null and void.
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john c. calhoun
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South Carolina Senator - advocate for state's rights, limited government, and nullification
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south carolina exposition and protest
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written by Calhoun, regarding tariff nullification
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peggy eaton affair
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Sex scandal involving members of Jackson's cabinet Forced several members of Jackson's cabinet to resign, allowing Van Buren to be elevated as Jackson's successor
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jefferson day dinner, 1830
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President Andrew Jackson stated that he would be against nullfication, while John Calhoun stated that he would be with nullfication.
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tariff of 1833
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a compromise bill that would gradually reduce the Tariff of 1832 by about 10% over a period of 8 years
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the force bill
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Authorized Jackson to use the army and navy, if necessary, to collect tariff duties.
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the great compromiser
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Henry Clay was nicknamed this because of the Missouri Compromise
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the election of 1832
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declared the existing tariff null and void in South Carolina
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nicholas biddle
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President of the Second Bank of the United States; he struggled to keep the bank functioning when President Jackson tried to destroy it.
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the bank war
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Jackson was determined to destroy the Bank of the United States because he thought it was too powerful. He felt the Bank was unconstitutional and only benefited the rich.
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pet banks
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State banks where Andrew Jackson placed deposits removed from the federal National Bank.
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locofocos
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a member of a radical group of New York Democrats organized in 1835 in opposition to the regular party organization
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election of 1836
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Martin Van Buren won, Jackson supported him, unpopular president--- blamed for the Panic of 1837, not Andrew Jackson
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specie circular
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Issued by Jackson - attempt to stop states from speculating land with money they printed that was not backed by anything - required land speculation in speci; Provided that in payment for public lands, the government would accept only gold or silver
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panic of 1837
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Economic downturn caused by loose lending practices of stat banks' and overspeculation. Martin Van Buren spent most of his time in office attempting to stablize and lessen the economic situation
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independent treasury bill
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government would hold its revenues rather than deposit them in banks, thus keeping the funds away from private corporations; "America's Second Declaration of Independence"
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election of 1840
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This election was characterized by the mudslinging or the attack or insult on each others reputation. William Henry Harrison wins election.
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log cabin and hard cider campaign
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symbolized William Henry Harrison's humble beginnings by putting log cabins on wheels and parading them through the streets, passed out cider for voters to drink
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tippencanoe and tyler too
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election 1840 Henry clay and john tyler campaign name vs Van Buren. henry clay was war hero who defeated famous indian chief
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