Ape Hug Vocab Chp 4-6 mrs glos – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Assimilate |
answer
to take in and utilize as nourishment |
question
custom |
answer
law or rule in different country |
question
cultural appropriation |
answer
adoption of some specific elements of one culture by a different cultural group |
question
neolocalism |
answer
residential pattern where a newly married couple lives independently in anew location |
question
Ethnic neighborhood |
answer
neighborhood, district, or suburb which retains some cultural distinction from a larger, surrounding area |
question
commodification |
answer
transformation of goods and services into a commodity |
question
Authenticity |
answer
truthfulness of origins |
question
distance decay |
answer
the effect of distance on cultural or spatial interactions |
question
Time space compression |
answer
processes that seem to accelerate the experience of time and reduce the significance of distance during a given historical moment. |
question
reterritorialization |
answer
restructuring of a place or territory that has experienced deterritorialization |
question
cultural landscape |
answer
properties uniquely representing the combined work of nature and of man |
question
placelessness |
answer
lacking a fixed location |
question
global local continuum |
answer
divide up the world into a number of different scales |
question
glocalization |
answer
different word for globalization and localization. |
question
folk housing regions |
answer
regions that contain houses built for cultural purposes |
question
diffusion routes |
answer
the spatial trajectory through which cultural traits or other phenomena spread |
question
culture |
answer
human knowledge, belief, and behavior that depends upon the capacity for symbolic thought and social learning |
question
folk culture |
answer
lifestyle of a culture |
question
popular culture |
answer
ideas of a given culture |
question
local culture |
answer
community built to human scale preserves itself and its place |
question
material culture |
answer
physical objects people have about their culture |
question
non material culture |
answer
nonphysical ideas people have about their culture |
question
heirarchical diffusion |
answer
form of diffusion in which an idea spreads by trickling down from larger to smaller adoption units |
question
hearth |
answer
distinctive set of culture traits, ideas and technologies develops and from which there is diffusion of those characteristic |
question
Animism |
answer
Belief that objects, such as plants and stones, or natural events, like thunderstorms and earthquakes, have a discrete spirit and conscious life. |
question
Autonomous religion |
answer
Autonomous religion |
question
Branch |
answer
A large and fundamental division within a religion. |
question
Caste |
answer
The class of distinct hereditary order into which a Hindu is assigned according to religious law. |
question
Cosmogony |
answer
set of religious beliefs concerning the origin of the universe. |
question
Denomination |
answer
A division of a branch that unites a number of local congregations in a single legal and administrative body. |
question
Diocese |
answer
The basic unit of geographic organization in the Roman Catholic Church. |
question
Ethnic religion |
answer
A religion with a relatively concentrated spatial distribution whose principles are likely to be based on the physical characteristics of the particular location in which its adherents are concentrated. |
question
Fundamentalism |
answer
Literal interpretation and strict adherence to basic principles of a religion |
question
Ghetto |
answer
During the Middle Ages, a neighborhood in a city set up by law to be inhabited only by Jews; now used to denote a section of a city in which members of any minority live because of social, legal, or economic pressure. |
question
Hierarchical religion |
answer
A religion in which a central authority exercises a high degree of control. |
question
Missionary |
answer
An individual who helps to diffuse a universalizing religion. |
question
Monotheism |
answer
The doctrine or belief of the existence of only one god. |
question
Pagan |
answer
A follower of a polytheistic religion in ancient times. |
question
Pilgrimage |
answer
A journey to a place considered sacred for religious purposes. |
question
Polytheism |
answer
Belief in or worship of more than one god. |
question
Sect |
answer
A relatively small group that has broken away from an established denomination. |
question
Universalizing religion |
answer
A religion that attempts to appeal to all people, not just those living in a particular location. |
question
Interfaith boundary |
answer
The boundaries between the world’s major faiths. |
question
Intrafaith boundary |
answer
The boundaries within a major religion. |
question
Religion |
answer
The service and worship of God or the supernatural. |
question
Secularism |
answer
A doctrine that rejects religion and religious considerations. |
question
Shamanism |
answer
Form of a tribal religion that involved community acceptance of a shaman, a religious leader, healer, and worker of magic who, through special powers, can intercede with and interpret the spirit world. |
question
Zionism |
answer
A worldwide movement, originating in the 19th century that sought to establish and develop a Jewish nation in Palestine. Since 1948, its function has been to support the state of Israel. |
question
Shintoism |
answer
Japans main religion, believes in two major gods |
question
Confucianism |
answer
chinese teachings of confucius |
question
Protestant |
answer
one of 4 major branches of christianity |
question
Shi'ite |
answer
region of middle east where major religion is Shi'a |
question
Sacred sites |
answer
sacred places in a religion |
question
Religious Extremism |
answer
When a person is at on with a religion |
question
Hinduism |
answer
major religion of India |
question
Taoism |
answer
variety of related topics such as philosophical and religious traditions and concepts that have influenced East Asia for over two millennia and the West for over two centuries |
question
Judaism |
answer
a set of beliefs and practices originating in the Hebrew Bible |
question
Christianity |
answer
a set of beliefs and practices originating from the bible |
question
islam |
answer
the religion articulated by the Qur’an |
question
Minarets |
answer
architectural features of Islamic mosques |
question
Shari'a laws |
answer
rules that islamic people should follow |
question
Jihad |
answer
religious duty of Muslims |
question
Buddhism |
answer
set of beliefs and practices from Buddha |
question
Feng Shui |
answer
ancient Chinese system of aesthetics believed to use the laws of both Heaven and Earth to help one improve life by receiving positive qi. |
question
Disapora |
answer
several forced expulsions of Israelites from what is now the states of Israel |
question
Eastern orthodox church |
answer
world's second largest Christian communion |
question
Sunni |
answer
largest branch of Islam |
question
Roman Catholic Church |
answer
world's largest Christian church |
question
Hajj |
answer
pilgrimage to Mecca |
question
Genocide |
answer
systematic destruction, in whole or in part, of an ethnic, racial, religious, or national group |
question
Religious Fundamentalism |
answer
belief in a strict adherence to a set of basic principles |
question
Language |
answer
What a place speaks |
question
standard language |
answer
particular variety of a language that has been given either legal status |
question
Dialects |
answer
variety of a language that is characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers |
question
Isogloss |
answer
specific type of language border |
question
Mutual intelligibility |
answer
relationship between languages in which speakers of different but related languages can readily understand each other without intentional study or extraordinary effort |
question
Dialect chains |
answer
range of dialects spoken across a large geographical area, differing only slightly between areas that are geographically close |
question
Language Families |
answer
group of languages related by descent from a common ancestor |
question
Subfamilies |
answer
major division of a language family |
question
Sound shift |
answer
a systematic change over time in the pronunciation of a set of sounds in a language |
question
Proto-Indo-European |
answer
unattested, reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European languages |
question
Backward reconstruction |
answer
techinique ued to track sound shifts back towards the original language |
question
Extinct Language |
answer
Language that is used no more |
question
Deep Reconstruction |
answer
Technique using the vocabulary of an extinct language to recreate the language that proceeded the extinct language |
question
Nostratic |
answer
proposed language family that includes many of the indigenous language families of Europe, Asia, Africa, and North America |
question
Language Divergence |
answer
2 languages spliting apart |
question
Language Convergence |
answer
2 languages combining |
question
Renfrew hypothesis |
answer
dispersal of Proto-Indo-Europeans originated in Neolithic Anatolia |
question
Conquest theory |
answer
idea that the proto-indo-european language family was spread through the conquest of neighboring states, and as they were conquered they adopted the conquering state's language |
question
Dispersal Hypothesis |
answer
how languages disperse |
question
Romance languages |
answer
branch of the Indo-European language family comprising all the languages that descend from Latin |
question
Germanic Language |
answer
group of related languages that constitute a branch of the Indo-European language family. coming from Germany |
question
Slavic Languages |
answer
group of closely related languages of the Slavic peoples and a subgroup of Indo-European languages |
question
Lingua Franca |
answer
language systematically used to communicate between persons not sharing a mother tongue |
question
Pidgin Language |
answer
simplified language that develops as a means of communication between two or more groups that do not have a language in common |
question
Creole Language |
answer
stable language that originated from a mixture of various languages |
question
Monolingual States |
answer
places that only speak one language |
question
Multilingual states |
answer
places that speak more than one language |
question
Official Language |
answer
language that is given a special legal status in a particular country, state, or other territory |
question
Global Language |
answer
Language spoken in many parts of the world: English |
question
Place |
answer
a specific region |
question
toponym |
answer
name of a place |