AP2 – Chap 23 – Flashcards

In order to prevent self-digestion of the pancreas, activation of pancreatic proteases occurs in the __________.

During deglutition, the bolus passes into the stomach from the esophagus through the __________.

A loose gastroesophageal sphincter can cause:

During the intestinal phase of gastric regulation, the stomach is __________.

Protective collections of lymphocytes and macrophages are found in __________.

contain lymphocytes and macrophages, increase in number toward the end of the ileum

What is the main organic molecule digested in the stomach?

The only enzyme produced by the stomach is _________, which does what?

The propulsive function that occurs in the esophagus is called __________.

Main characteristic of the large intestine:

Which regulatory chemical stimulates gastric gland activity and motility?

Both the stomach and the small intestine produce this chemical:

Gastrin is a major stomach hormone or enzyme?

What substances from different organs would mix together at the hepatopancreatic ampulla?

What would be the effect of stripping the small intestines of their villi?

Decreased intestinal surface area would lead to what type of health problems?

What are the products of the stomach?

The final product of carbohydrate digestion is __________.

All macromolecules are broken down to their monomers, except __________.

What cells produce HCl and Intrinsic Factor?

What cells produce pepsinogen?

Chief cells are what type of cell?

The digestive system in a cadaver is longer than in a living person because, in a cadaver, there is NO __________.

__________ is the major means of propulsion in the digestive system.

the short reflexes in the digestive system are stimulated by __________.

What is the most common cause of peritonitis?

The myxovirus causes __________.

The only stomach function that is essential to life is __________.

Some aspects of the __________ phase of gastric secretion may be considered conditioned reflexes.

Which of the following intestinal hormones is NOT an enterogastrone?

Hollow muscular organs, like the stomach, that act as reservoirs exhibit __________.

Many of the early food allergies seen in infants are caused by __________.

Which of the following is a condition that affects the large intestine that is NOT explained by anatomical or biochemical abnormalities?

A hiatal hernia is:

Omenta is the special name for:

holds the organs of the abdomen in place.

The mesentary provides a route for:

Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ of the digestive system? salivary glands teeth tongue intestines

The major site for nutrient absorption is the __________. large intestine small intestine stomach mouth

The primary goal of digestive tract regulatory mechanisms is to optimize nutrient breakdown and absorption. True False

The serous membrane that covers the external surface of most digestive organs is called the __________. mesentery omentum visceral peritoneum parietal peritoneum

__________ circulation collects nutrient-rich blood from the GI tract and delivers it to the liver. Cardiac Aortic Peritoneal Hepatic portal

main site of nutrient absorption

protective outermost layer of the alimentary canal

moderately dense connective tissue that has a rich supply of blood, lymphatic vessels, and nerve fibers

responsible for segmentation and peristalsis

Saliva contains enzymes that break down proteins. True False

A weak gastroesophageal sphincter can result in heartburn. true false

Which of the following is NOT a function of the stomach? The stomach chemically digests lipids. The stomach produces intrinsic factor. The stomach mechanically digests food. The stomach serves as a temporary holding area for ingested food.

The phases of gastric secretion from first to last are __________. gastric phase, cephalic phase, intestinal phase intestinal phase, gastric phase, cephalic phase cephalic phase, intestinal phase, gastric phase cephalic phase, gastric phase, intestinal phase

The increased concentration of HCO3- in blood draining from the stomach is called __________. the chloride shift the gastric phase the alkaline tide the enterogastric reflex

Digestion of carbohydrates and proteins by brush border enzymes occurs within the ________ of the small intestine. circular folds villi goblet cells microvilli

Bile is stored and concentrated in the __________. stomach liver gallbladder pancreas

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the liver? It is highly regenerative. It has a role in detoxifying the blood. It has three lobes. It stores glucose.

__________ is NOT found in pancreatic secretions. Chymotrypsinogen Bicarbonate Procarboxypeptidase Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Pancreatic juice contains

Pancreatic enzymes include proteases to digest __________. What are the Pancreatic Protease Enyzmes?

Pancreatic enzymes include amylases to digest _________.

Pancreatic enzymes include lipases to digest

Pancreatic enzymes include nucleases to digest

Secretin and cholecystokinin (CCK) are released by which alimentary canal organ?

Most digestion occurs in the small intestine. True False

The liver can absorb nutrients. True False

Most water is absorbed in the __________. stomach small intestine liver large intestine

A main digestive function of the small intestine is to:

Bacterial flora in the large intestine do NOT produce __________. CO2 intrinsic factor vitamin K B vitamins

Diarrhea results when food passes too quickly through the large intestine. True False

Simplest form of lipids:

Simplest form of proteins:

Simplest form of carbohydrates:

Simplest form of nucleic acids:

Pepsin enzymatically digests __________. carbohydrate nucleic acids fat protein

Someone on a fat-free diet would not efficiently absorb vitamin D from their diet. True False