AP World History Strayer Chapter 5 Vocabulary – Flashcards
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Caste as Varna and Jati
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*Definition:* System of social organization in India that has evolved over millennia. Based on division of 4 classes (varna) with addition of thousands of social distinctions based on occupations (jatis). *Significance:* The main cell of social life in India. Organized life and status.
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"Ritual Purity" in Indian Social practices
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*Definition:* Idea that members of high castes must adhere to strict regulations limiting or forbidding their contact with object/members of lower castes to preserve own caste. *Significance:* Division of people. The lowest caste vs highest caste had potential conflict and segregation.
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Greek and Roman Slavery
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*Definition:* Slaves were captives from war, piracy, and children victims of long-distance trade. *Significance:* Household service was the most common slaves with the Greeks. The Romans had slaves work in brutal conditions of mines. Different situations since the beginning.
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Spartacus
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*Definition:* Roman gladiator who led the most serious slave revolt in Roman History form 73 BCE to 71 BCE. *Significance:* Made slave owners worried and aware of threat that slaves could fight back. Caused other rebellions and uprisings (inspirational).
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The "Three Obediences"
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*Definition:* Chinese Confucian notion of women subordinate to male control: Father, Husband, Son. *Significance:* The base of gender distinction through Confucianism (even today).
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Patriarchy
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*Definition:* Men above women in all society, politics, and home. *Significance:* Started to weaken in second-wave era but still present.
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Empress Wu
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*Definition:* Only Female "Emperor" in Chinese history. *Significance:* Patronised scholarship, elevated position of women, provoked backlash of confucian misogynist invective.
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Aspasia and Pericles
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*Definition:* Foreign women in Athens/ Prominent and influential statesman of Athens in the Golden Age. *Significance:* After Pericles' death, Aspasia still held high(er) status. Famed for learning (education) and wit (conversationalist).
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Helots
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*Definition:* Dependent, semi-enslaved class of ancient Sparta. *Significance:* Social discontent prompted the militarisation of Spartan society. Cause of way of life in Sparta.
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