AP World Chapter 20 Vocab. – Flashcards
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factories
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Portuguese trading fortresses and compounds with resident merchants; utilized throughout Portuguese trading empire to assure secure landing places and commerce.
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El Mina
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Most important of early Portuguese trading factories in forest zone of Africa.
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Nzinga Mvemba
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King of Kongo south of Zaire River from 1507 to 1543; converted to Christianity and took title Alfonso I; under Portuguese influence attempted to Christianize all of kingdom.
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Luanda
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Portuguese factory established in 1520s south of Kongo; became basis for Portuguese colony of Angola.
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Royal African Company
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A trading company chartered by the English government in 1672 to conduct its merchants' trade on the Atlantic coast of Africa.
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Indies piece
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A unit in the complex exchange system of the west African trade; based on the value of an adult male slave.
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Triangular Trade
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A three way system of trade during 1600-1800s Aferica sent slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and Rum to Africa
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Asante
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African kingdom on the Gold Coast that expanded rapidly after 1680. Asante participated in the Atlantic economy, trading gold, slaves, and ivory. It resisted British imperial ambitions for a quarter century before being absorbed into Britain.
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Osei Tutu
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member of Oyoko clan of Akan peoples in Gold Coast region of Africa; responsible for creating unified Asante Empire; utilized Western firearms.
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Asantehene
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Title taken by ruler of Asante Empire; supreme civil and religious leader; authority symbolized by golden stool.
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Benin
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a kingdom of the West African rain forest
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Dahomey
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Kingdom developed among Fon or Aja peoples in 17th century; center at Abomey 70 miles from coast; under King Agaja expanded to control coastline and port of Whydah by 1727; accepted Western firearms and goods in return for African slaves.
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Luo
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Nilotic people who migrated from Upper Nile valley; established dynasty among existing Bantu population in lake region of central eastern Africa; center at Bunyoro.
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Fulani
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Pastoral people of western Sudan; adopted purifying Sufi variant of Islam; under Usuman Dan Fodio in 1804, launched revolt against Hausa kingdoms; established state centered on Sokoto.
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Great Trek
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Movement of Boer settlers in Cape Colony of southern Africa to escape influence of British colonial government in 1834; led to settlement of regions north of Orange River and Natal.
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Mfecane
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Wars of 19th century in southern Africa; created by Zulu expansion under Shaka; revolutionized political organization of southern Africa.
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Swazi and Lesotho
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African states formed by peoples reacting to the stresses of the Mfecane. (wars among Africans in southern Africa during the early 19th century)
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Middle Passage
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a voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies
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Obeah
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African religious ideas and practices in the English and French Caribbean islands.
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Candomble
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A religion based on African traditions with elements derived from Christianity; used in Brazil.
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Vodun
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African religious ideas and practices among descendants of African slaves in Haiti.
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Palmares
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Kingdom of runaway slaves with a population of 8,000 to 10,000 people; located in Brazil during the 17th century; leadership was Angolan.
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Suriname Maroons
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formerly a Dutch plantation colony on the coast of South America; location of runaway slave kingdom in 18th century; able to retain independence despite attempts to cruch guerrilla resistance.
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William Wilberforce
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British statesman and reformer; leader of abolitionist movement in English parliament that led to end of English slave trade in 1807.
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Creole Slaves
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American-born descendants of saltwater slaves; result of sexual exploitation of slave women or process of miscegenation.
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Salt-water slaves
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African born slaves.
