AP World Chapter 12: The Making of Europe – Flashcards
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Franks
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One of the most prominent German states on the European continent was the kingdom of the Franks. Frankish kingdom came to be divided into three major areas: Neustria in northern Gaul; Austrasia, consisting of the ancient Frankish lands on both sides of the Rhine; and the former kingdom of Burgundy.
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Clovis
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- Established the Frankish Kingdom (c. 482-511) - A member of the Merovingian dynasty who became a Catholic Christian around 500. He was not the first German king to convert to Christianity. - By 510, Clovis had established a powerful new Frankish kingdom stretching from the Pyrenees in the west to German lands in the east (modern France and western Germany). - After Clovis's death, however, his sons divided his newly created kingdom, as was the Frankish custom. During the sixth and seventh centuries, the once-united
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Arian sect of Christianity
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- A group who believed that Jesus had been human and thus not truly God. - The Christian church in Rome, which had become known as the Roman Catholic Church, regarded the Arians as heretics, people who believed in teachings different from the official church doctrine. - To Catholics, Jesus was human, but of the ''same substance'' as God and therefore also truly God.
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Monk / Monasticism
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A monk (in Latin, monachus, meaning ''one who lives alone'') was a man who sought to live a life divorced from the world, cut off from ordinary human society, in order to pursue an ideal of total dedication to God. As the monastic ideal spread, a new form of monasticism based on living together in a community soon became the dominant form.
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St. Benedict
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Saint Benedict (c. 480-c. 543), who founded a monastic house for which he wrote a set of rules, established the basic form of monastic life in the western Christian church.
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Abbot
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Each Benedictine monastery was strictly ruled by an abbot, or ''father'' of the monastery, who had complete authority over his fellow monks. Unquestioning obedience to the will of the abbot was expected of every monk. Each Benedictine monastery held lands that enabled it to be a self-sustaining community, isolated from and independent of the world surrounding it. Within the monastery, however, monks were to fulfill their vow of poverty: ''Let all things be common to all, as it is written, lest anyone should say that anything is his own.''
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Nuns
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Only men could be monks, but women, called nuns, also began to withdraw from the world to dedicate themselves to God.
