AP World 3Q Exam – Flashcards

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Which of the following is true of the peoples of Australia in the fifteenth century?
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They exchanged goods among themselves over long distances
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Which of the following was a West African pastoral society?
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The Fulbe
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Why did the Ming government suddenly stop the exploration of the Indian Ocean Basin?
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Emperor Yongle's successors viewed expansion as a waste of time and resources
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In its effort to recover from the disruption of Mongol rule, the Ming dynasty took which of the following steps?
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Ming rulers sought to recover the Chinese cultural past.
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The Hundred Year's war between England and France was comparable to which conflict in Ming China?
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Nothing; Ming China was internally unified, unlike Europe
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This Muslim empire forcibly imposed a Shia version of Islam as the official religion of the state
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The Safavid empire
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Which of the following is a reason why Europeans put so much effort into expanding their power, while Chinese withdrew into their borders during the fifteenth century?
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European Christianity was locked in a struggle with Muslims who threatened Europe and blocked easy access to the wealth of Asia, whereas China already had access to the wealth of Asia.
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How did the Songhai empire fir into the Islamic world of the fifteenth century?
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It was a substantial islamic sate on the West African frontier of the Islamic world.
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In what ways did the Incan and Aztec Empires differ substantially from each other?
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The Incan empire built an elaborate bureaucracy to integrate its subjects; the Aztecs did not.
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In both the Aztec and Incan empires women
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and men operated in two separate and autonomous but equivalent spheres.
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Which of the following was true only of the Western European empires among all the early modern empires?
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They were initiated by maritime expansion
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The racial system of Which of the following regions was characterized by less racial mixing and less willingness to recognize the offspring of interracial unions than occurred in the regions?
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British North America
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Which of the following is a reason why Portugal, Spain, France, and Britain were the first to expand into the New World?
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These lands were on the Atlantic Coast
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Why did some Native Americans aid the Spanish in their initial invasion of the New World
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To gain an advantage against their own enemies
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The Spanish empire in former Aztec and Inca lands
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possessed an economy based on commercial agriculture and mining
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What happened to Native Americans' religious beliefs in Mesoamerica and Peru when confronted with Catholicism?
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They blended their old customs easily into Catholic practices
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This map supports which of the following assertions?
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All of the Americas were incorporated into European colonial empires by the opening of the eighteenth century
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Which of the following statements about the systems of slavery in Brazil and British North America is true?
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More slaves were voluntarily set free by their owners in Brazil than in North America
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The British colonies and the Portuguese/Spanish colonies in the Americas differed in that
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The British colonists sought to escape European traditions, while Spanish/Portuguese colonists sought to recreate them in the Americas.
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What is one major reason for the higher literary rates in British colonies than in Spanish/Portuguese colonies?
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Protestantism, which encouraged the reading of the Bible, was the dominant form of Christianity in the British colonies
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Which of the following was a feature of China's rule over it's newly acquired Central Asia territories that made the region more a part of an empire rather an integral part of the Chinese State
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The creation of a new official called the Court of Colonial Affairs
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The expansion of the Chinese and Russian empires into the steppe lands of central Asia led to what result for the nomadic peoples native to this vast area?
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The political independence and economic prosperity of nomadic people came to an end
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Akbar's policy toward the Hindus of India is best described as
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religious tolerance and incorporation of Hindu elites
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What was the religious outcome of Ottoman rule in Christian Southeastern Europe
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Conversion to Islam of about 20% of the population
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Which of the following was an outcome of the establishment of European empires in the Americas
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The establishment for the first time of an interacting Atlantic world connecting four continents
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Which of the following had not undergone its own wide-scale industrial revolution by 1900
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Latin America
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Among the reasons that Europe Industrialized first was that
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European rulers fostered unusually close alliances with their merchant classes
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Which of the following best characterizes past explanations for Europe's Industrial revolution
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Unique features of European society, economy, or history gave it a long term advantage and head-start in Industrialization.
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Which of the following arguments serves to counter the notation that European culture is inherently more suited to industry and technology
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Until about 1750, core areas of Europe, India, and China enjoyed similar levels of economic development.
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Which of the following explanations for why Britain was the first European country to industrialize is true
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The scientific Revolution took a distinctive form in Great Britain in was that fostered technological innovation
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This map of the Industrial United States in 1900 supports Which of the following assertions?
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Copper mining was confined to the Western United States
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Which of the following statements accurately describes the experience of women in nineteenth-century Britain
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Working-class women usually left outside paid employment after they were married
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Why was the British Working Class movement less overtly revolutionary than its Russian counterpart
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The declining wages of working-class families in Britain led to despair, not revolution
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Which of the following was a reason for the failure of Marxist socialism to take rook in the United States
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The typically higher standard of living enjoyed by American workers in comparison to their European counterparts
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Industrialization in Russia differed from British industrialization in which of the following ways
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Industrialization was more state-directed in Russia than in Britain
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Industrialization led to violent social revolution only in
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Russia
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How did contact with other civilizations contribute to Europe's industrial revolution
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It enabled Europe to draw disproportionately on the world's resources
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The most profound change in the social structure of Latin America independence was
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the abolition of slavery
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Which of the following best describes the comparison between the Industrial revolution in Britain and the Industrial Revolution as it unfolded in other lands across the globe
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The basic social outcomes were similar in Britain and other industrialized countries, but import differences also characterized how the process unfolded.
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Latin America diverged from Europe during the nineteenth century in which of the following ways
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Only a very limited market for manufactured goods developed in Latin America
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Which of the following assertions is supported by this map
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Silver from the Americas was exported to Spanish controlled lands in both Europe and Asia
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What was one main difference between the Spanish colonization of the Philippines and the Portuguese strongholds in the Indian Ocean Basin?
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The Spanish converted Filipinos to Christianity while the Portuguese often blended into the local populations
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What was one main difference between the establishment of the British East India Company in Mughal India and the establishment of the Dutch East India company in Indonesia
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The British used treaties with local Mughal rulers while the Dutch conquered their Indonesian colonies
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What was the attitude of Japanese shoguns toward Christian Europeans in Japan in the early seventeenth century
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They violently expelled all but a few Europeans
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Which of the following statement best describes the relationship of the new European presence in the Indian Ocean to already existing Asian commercial network
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Europeans created a network that became just one among a number of thriving Asian commercial networks
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The global silver trade
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Was the first direct and sustained link between the Americas and Asia
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Which of the following was not a result of the fur trade in North America
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The early displacement of Native American hunters by large numbers of European trappers and hunters
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An important difference between the Siberian and North America fur trades was that
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Only in North America did competition between European traders mean that furs were obtained largely through commercial networks
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In what ways did the Chinese response to the global silver economy differ from the Japanese response
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Economic changes resulted in ecological devastation in China, but not in Japan
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Within the Islamic world
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Some slaves acquired prominent military of political status
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Which of the following statements is true of the West African slave trade
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In general, European merchants waited on board their ships or in fortified port cities to purchase slaves from african merchants and elites.
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The number of slaves shipped from Africa to the Americas peaked
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in the 1700s
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What were the most common destinations in the Americas for West African slaves
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The Caribbean and Brazil
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How did African slavery in the New World differ fundamentally from past instances of slavery in world history
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Slavery in the Americas was clearly associated race and with plantation economies
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How did the discovery of silver mines in Japan impact Japanese fortunes?
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The ruling shogunate wisely invested wealth from the mines to create a sustainable marker-based economy an ecology
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Which of the following is supported by this map?
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All treaty ports were located within spheres of influence of outside powers
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Which of the following was one reason why Europeans needed to expand into foreign markets
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to unload periodic surpluses of manufactured goods
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Why did ordinary Europeans come to care whether their country gained new territories around the globe?
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Many Europeans became swept up in mass nationalism
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In which of the following ways did the Industrial Revolution drive European expansion in the nineteenth century?
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It led to technological innovations that gave Europeans a military advantage
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Which of the following European ideas about Asians and Africans is older than others
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The idea that Asians and Africans were "heathen" because they were not Christian
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In what ways could the Industrial revolution be seen as a failure and not a success
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It seriously damaged the environment and traditional cultural heritage
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The Taiping uprising
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sought revolutionary changes, including a radical redistribution of land and recognition of the equality of men and women
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How devastating was the Taiping Uprising relative to other 19th century conflicts in the world
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It caused the largest loss of life of any conflict in the nineteenth century
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Which nations had carved out spheres of influences in china by the end of the nineteenth century
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Western nations plus Russia and Japan
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What was the attitude of many of China's Qing Dynasty leadership towards the modern, industrialized societies of the West and Japan in the latter half of the nineteenth century
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They took cautious and mild measures to adopt some Western innovations.
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In an effort to modernize, the Ottoman empire
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sent ambassadors to the courts of Europe to study their administrative methods
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Which of the following was an important difference between China and the Ottoman Empire in the late nineteenth century
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Only the ottoman empire sent ambassadors to European courts to study their administrative methods
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What did the Young Turks advocate
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A militantly secular Turkish national state
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How did Japanese colonial policies in Taiwan and Korea compare to European imperialist practice
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The Japanese were just as cruel toward their subjects as the Europeans were to theirs.
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The reform program that transformed Japan during the final decided of the nineteenth century
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Included a modern constitution that gave control of the military to an elected parliament
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During the early modern period
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Some states emerged stronger and more cohesive in part because of the "gunpowder revolution"
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Period 4, the early modern era, was a period when
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Europe, primarily through its establishment of sea routes to the Americas created new networks of interaction which facilitated the Columbian exchange
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The conquest of much of the Americas by Europeans
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Saw many domesticated plants and animals from Africa and Eurasia spread to the Americas, but few spread from the Americas to Africa or Eurasia
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Mercantilist theory postulated that
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a nation's international power was based on wealth, especially by increasing its gold supply
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Peter the Great was interested in reform because he hoped to
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Increase Russia's territory and power
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Peter the Great's most lasting accomplishment for Russia was
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the construction of a new capital city with its focus on the West
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Who was the founding ruler of the Mughal Empire
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Babur
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Slavery in the Americas was distinctive from other slave-holding systems in history because in the Americas
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slaves were used as primary labor force in agricultural empires
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This above map, produced by a German cartographer in 1507, supports which of the following assertions
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Europeans were aware of the existence of the Americas
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Why do you study history
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Historical knowledge and skill development
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The military success of the Ottoman Empire can be best attributed to
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The Janissary
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Which of the following had the greatest success in converting peoples to Christianity
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Spanish Catholic missionaries in the Philippines
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The Wahhabi movement
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Supported the policies of religious tolerance and accommodation enacted by the Mughal emperor Akbar
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Which of the following contributed most to the Scientific Revolution occurring in Europe rather than in China or the Islamic world
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The refusal of European scholars to separate the study of the natural order from that of philosophy and theology
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How did Europeans commonly react to African slaves' syncretic regions, such as Santeria and Vodou
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The considered these religions to be satanic witchcraft and tried to suppress them
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Traditionally the printing of the historical document has been considered the beginning of the Reformation
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95 Theses
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The greatest killer of the Native American population was
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European diseases such as smallpox
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As the commercial revolution progressed during the early modern period, the Italian city-states declined in their leading position in world trade. What most likely could explain this event
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Trade shifted from the Mediterranean Sea to the Atlantic Ocean
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In order for the Russian state to be formed, Muscovite Princes first had to overthrow the power of the
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Mongols
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The European kingdom that was the first to begin overseas global exploration was
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Portugal
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The European conquest of the Americas global connections in all except which of the following ways
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Although no American crops spread beyond Europe to the rest of Eurasia and Africa, the european conquest did result in the adaptation of several American crops in Western Europe
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Which of the following are long term outcomes of the Columbian exchange
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Use of domesticated animals in the New World, the demographic collapse of Native American societies, the establishment of European colonial empires
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Enlightenment characteristics
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rational/logical thought, based in natural law, individualism
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Unlike other European Empires, the Russian empire was
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built without the use of maritime exploration
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Which of the following is not a consequence of the Protestant Reformation
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Catholic-dominated nations continued their political and economic domination in world affairs
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Why did the Ming government suddenly stop the exploration of the Indian Ocean basin
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Emperor Yongle's successors viewed expansion as a waste of time and resources
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Which of the following pairs of societies shares a common religion
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The Songhay and Ottoman Empires
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Involved in the Protestant Reformation
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Martin Luther, John Calvin, Thomas More
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The chief beneficiaries of all but one of the Atlantic revolutions were
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Propertied white men of the "middling classes."
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The Atlantic revolutions
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Shared a common political vocabulary and a broadly democratic character
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A distinguishing characteristic of the French Revolution when compared to the American Revolution was that the French Revolution
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Sought to recreate society from scratch
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This eighteenth-century French satirical image illustrates which of the following?
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That French society was traditionally thought to be made up of Three Estates: two privileged (the church and nobility) and one unprivileged (the commoners)
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What was an outcome of the American Revolution?
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It accelerated the established democratic tendencies of the colonial societies
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The most distinctive feature of the Haitian Revolution was
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Its status as the only completely successful slave revolt in world history
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This map depicting Europe circa 1880 supports which of the following assertions?
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By 1880, Italy had unified
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What best describes the result of Napoleon's conquest and reform of European lands outside France?
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The conquered accepted many of the reforms, but revolted against French control
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What was an impact of the Haitian Revolution throughout the Atlantic world?
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Slave owners and whites were filled with fear and trepidation
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In which region did the use of slaves increase over the second half of the nineteenth century?
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West Africa
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What was a reason why the Spanish American revolutions took longer and were more difficult than the (North) American Revolution?
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Divisions of class, race, and region within Spanish America
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What great fear drove the Latin American creole elites to pursue independence and political change?
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They feared that social unrest from the lower classes and nonwhites would get out of control
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What is an argument that made the cause of abolition widely acceptable in the nineteenth century?
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Slavery was no longer necessary for economic progress
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What is true of the women's movement by the early 1900s?
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In the most industrialized countries of the West, it had become a mass movement
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Advocates of maternal feminism based their claims for equal rights for women on
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The distinctive role of women as mothers
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