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A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries poitically, socially, religiously and/or economically.

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Imperialism

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extreme, chauvinistic patriotism, often favoring an aggressive, warlike foreign policy

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Jingoism

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sensational, biased and often false journalism. helped fuel desire for the Sp-Am War

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Yellow Journalism

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organization that fought the McKinley administration's expansionist moves; included the presidents of Stanford and Harvard Universities, and novelist Mark Twain, Gompers, Carnegie, Jane Addams, and W J Bryan

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The Anti-Imperialist League

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1890 tariff that raised protective tariff levels by nearly 50%, making them the highest tariffs on imports in the United States history

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McKinley Tariff

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(1898) intended to extend US territory into the Pacific & highlighted resulted from economic integration & rise of US as a Pacific power. Key provision spot for Ame whaling ships, fertile ground from Ame protestant missionaries and a new source of sugar cane production

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Hawaiian annexation

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an influential treatise on naval warfare written in 1890 by Alfred Thayer Mahan. It details the role of sea power throughout history and discusses the various factors needed to support a strong navy.

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The Influence of Sea Power Upon History

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book title ____: Its Possible Future and Current Crisis. Encouraged American protestants to do missionary work and to pay attention to racial problems and the crises in the city and of the working class. May have inspired international missionary work.

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Our Country

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In 1898, a conflict between the United States and Spain, in which the U.S. supported the Cubans' fight for independence

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Spanish American War

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Nickname for Spanish American war coined by Hay, indicative of US attitude and cockiness

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Splendid Little War

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The Spanish ambassador insults President McKinley in this document; accused America of being weak

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De Lome Letter

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President McKinley sent this ship to Havana, Cuba, to protect the American citizens and property (eventually blew up and the U.S. blamed Spain)

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USS Maine

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U.S. declared Cuba free from Spain, but this amendment disclaimed any American intention to annex Cuba

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Teller Amendment

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Amendment to the Cuban constitution (passed b/c of pressure from the US) that allowed the United States to intervene in Cuba and gave the United States control of the naval base at Guantanamo Bay.

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Platt Amendment

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The conflict that arose when the US tried to annex this Pacific Island chain

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Philippine-American War

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court cases that determined that inhabitants of U.S. territories had some, but not all, of the rights of U.S. citizens.

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Insular cases

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areas in which countries have some political and economic control but do not govern directly (ex. Europe and U.S. in China during Open Door era)

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Spheres of Influence

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A policy that asked powerful and influential countries to respect Chinese rights and promote fair trade with low tariffs. This policy was accepted by other countries and prevented any country from creating a monopoly on Chinese trade.

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Open Door Policy

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1899 rebellion in Beijing, China started by a secret society of Chinese who opposed the "foreign devils". The rebellion was ended by British troops

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Boxer Rebellion

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A war fought in Asia over control of Korea, Manchuria, etc. Began in 1904, but neither side could gain a clear advantage and win. Both sent reps to Portsmouth, NH where TR mediated Treaty of New Hampshire in 1905. TR won the nobel peace prize for his efforts, the 1st pres. to do so.

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Russo Japanese War

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Diplomatic policy developed by TR that emphasizes US power and TR's readiness to use military force if necessary. It is a way of intimidating countries without actually harming them and was the basis of U.S. imperialistic foreign policy.

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Big Stick Diplomacy

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Roosevelt's 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force

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Roosevelt Corollary

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In 1912 Senate passed resolution to Monroe Doctrine. It stated that non-European powers (such as Japan) would be excluded from owning territory in Western Hemisphere.

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Lodge Corollary

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fear of foreigners/outsiders

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Xenophobia

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Ship canal cut across the isthmus of ___ by United States Army engineers; it opened in 1915.

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Panama Canal

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President Taft's policy of linking American business interests to diplomatic interests abroad

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Dollar Diplomacy

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Woodrow Wilson's policy contingent on the belief that it was America's responsibility and destiny to spread its institutions and values to the far corners of the globe; also called "moral diplomacy"

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Missionary Diplomacy

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1910-1916, 4 different leaders of Mexico. 1915, Pancho Villa invaded New Mexico, Wilson sent military to Mexico to get Villa, 6K commanded by BlackJack John J Pershing. He asked permission before he went to Mex, and this shows Wilson's moralistic tendency

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Mexican civil war

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22nd and 24th president, Democrat, Honest and hardworking, fought corruption, vetoed hundreds of wasteful bills, achieved the Interstate Commerce Commission and civil service reform, violent suppression of strikes

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Grover Cleveland

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United States newspaper publisher whose introduction of large headlines and sensational reporting changed American journalism (1863-1951)

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William Randolph Hearst

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creator of the "New York World;"cut the prices so people could afford it; featured color comics and yellow journalism

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Joseph Pulitzer

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Captain of the U.S. Navy who was for imperialism. He thought that a bigger navy was needed to protect American ships.

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Alfred Mahan

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a popular American minister in the late 1800s who linked Anglo-Saxonism to Christian missionary ideas

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Josiah Strong

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25th president, Republican, Spanish-American War, Philippine-American War, and the Annexation of Hawaii, imperialism

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William McKinley

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Was the Secretary of State in 1899; dispatched the Open Door Notes to keep the countries that had spheres of influence in China from taking over China and closing the doors on trade between China and the U.S.

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John Hay

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The Hawaiian queen who was forced out of power by a revolution started by American business interests.

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Queen Liliuokalani

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Leader of the Filipino independence movement against Spain (1895-1898). He proclaimed the independence of the Philippines in 1899, but his movement was crushed and he was captured by the United States Army in 1901.

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Emilio Aguinaldo

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26th President (1901-1909) Republican, Harvard Grad, youngest to be president (after McKinley died), filed anti-trust suits

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Teddy Roosevelt

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27th president of the U.S.; he angered progressives by moving cautiously toward reforms and by supporting the Payne-Aldrich Tariff; he lost Roosevelt's support and was defeated for a second term.

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William Howard Taft

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28th president of the United States, known for World War I leadership, created Federal Reserve, Federal Trade Commission, Clayton Antitrust Act, progressive income tax, lower tariffs, women's suffrage (reluctantly), Treaty of Versailles, sought 14 points post-war plan, League of Nations (but failed to win U.S. ratification), won Nobel Peace Prize

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Woodrow Wilson

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Chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee and leader of the "reservationists"; he was a leader in the fight against participation in the League of Nations

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Henry Cabot Lodge

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Mexican military dictator who usurped throne, and was kicked out by Wilson

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Victorio Huerta

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a former bandit who claimed to represent "the people" behind the revolution; Wilson initially supported him; enraged when Carranza named de facto leader of Mexico and wanted to provoke American intervention, discredit Carranza, and himself up as an opponent of the "Gringos"; burned Columbus, New Mexico; American forces sent to pursue him but this man eluded them

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Pancho Villa

AP US History – American Pageant (chapters 27-28) – Flashcards

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