AP Psychology Essay Review
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A concept or framework that organizes and interprets information. The participants in the study have formed a perception that the male is the aggressor. Jessie might have thought that all firefighters were male and had to change her schema when she saw a female firefighter.
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Schema
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The disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information. The photographs that were shown later may interfere with the details of the public park photograph.
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Retroactive Interference
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Judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they represents particular prototypes. The male represents a more aggressive prototype and the female represents a more non-aggressive prototype. Therefore, the male is seen as an aggressor.
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Representativeness Heuristic
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The tendency to search for information that confirms a preconception. The participants preconceive that there is aggression and look for aggression in the public park photo. The female does not fit their preconceptions as an aggressor, where areas the male does.
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Confirmation bias
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The way an issue is presented. The way the researchers present the photo will effect what the participants will percieve from that photo.
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Framing
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When your stomach is empty, your appetite increases; when your stomach is full, your appetite decreases. This is because your body requires glucose, which it obtains from the food in your stomach, for energy.
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Opposing Tendencies of Appetite
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The autonomic nervous system has both the sympathetic and the parasympathetic which are responsible for arousing and calming the body, respectively.
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Opposing Tendencies of the Autonomic Nervous System
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The opponent process theory of color vision states that we perceive color with two different color pairings; blue and yellow and red and green.
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Opposing Tendencies of Color Vision
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Drug use can provoke either tolerance, requiring more of a drug for the same effect, or withdrawal, getting sick when a drug is discontinued.
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Opposing Tendencies of Drug Use
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Neurons go through a process of depolarization in there is an influx of ions. The opposite process of depolarization, repolarization occurs when the ions are pushed out.
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Opposing Tendencies of Nerve Firing
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Egocentrism occurs when someone can't understand the perspective of others. Jessie may not know that her brother is not interested in listening to her story because she can only see in her perspective.
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Egocentrism
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Observational learning occurs when someone imitates an observed behavior. If Jessie imitates how a firefighter stopped, dropped and rolled, she would be portraying the effects of observational learning.
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Observational Learning
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Overgeneralization in language occurs when a grammar rule is not used correctly. For example while explaining her adventure to her brother, Jessie may make a word plural when it is supposed to be in the singular form.
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Overregularization or Overgeneralization in Language
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Reconstructive memory occurs when someone fills in a gap of their memory by adding in false memories. An example would be if Jessie adds in false details than what she actually saw.
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Reconstructive Memory
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The longer Ellie spends time with the club, the more they will like her.
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The Mere Exposure Effect
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Ellie can use a mnemonic device to help remember the club members' names.
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Mnemonic Device
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Ellie's heart rate may begin to increase after she attends the meeting and she may perceive that positively.
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Schachter Two-Factor Theory
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If Ellie has an internal locus of control she may make friends easier because she would be more confident.
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Locus of Control
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If the club members express in group bias, they may look down upon another club that Ellie has joined and it will hinder her ability of making friends.
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In-Group Bias
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If the club members see Ellie sucking on her thumb because the stress at school caused her to revert to childish behavior, they may reject her friendship.
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Regression
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If the club members are rude to Ellie she may not return to the club.
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Operant Conditioning
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If the meetings are held in the mornings and Ellie is drowsy in the morning, it may inhibit her ability of making friends.
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Circadian Rhythm
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Disorganized thinking and delusions
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2 Characteristic Symptoms of Schizophrenia
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Adoption studies confirm that you are more likely to have Schizophrenia if a parent has it.
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Research that Supports a Genetic Base for Schizophrenia
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Schizophrenia is a result of the overactivity of Dopamine
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Dopamine Hypothesis
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Medications for Schizophrenia may block the receptors of neurotransmitters.
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Medications for Schizophrenia
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Potential overdose
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Risk of Schizophrenia Medication
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Multiple personalities for DID and hallucinations for Schizophrenia
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Difference Between Schizophrenia and Dissociative Identity Disorder
