AP Psychology Ch. 11 Test Review – Flashcards

The Flynn effect refers to the fact that _________. a. White and Black infants score equally well on measures of infant intelligence. b. Asian students outperform North American students on math achievement tests. c. the IQ scores of today's better-fed and educated populations exceed that of the 1930s population. d. individual differences with a race are much greater than between-race differences.

In his study of children with high intelligence score, Terman found that _________. a. the children were more emotional and less healthy than a control group. b. the children were ostracized by classmates. c. the children were healthy and well-adjusted, and did well academically. d. later, as adults, they nearly all achieved great vocational success.

When highly skilled people are performing a task, their brains _________. a. retrive information from memory more quickly. b. register simple stimuli more quickly. c. demonstrate a more complex brain-wave response to stimuli. d. do all of these things.

Most experts view intelligence as a person's _________. a. ability to perform well of intelligence tests. b. innate mental capacity. c. ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and adapt to new situations. d. diverse skills acquired throughout life.

Which of the following statements is true? a. About one percent of the population is intellectually disabled. b. More makes than females are intellectually disabled. c. A majority of the intellectually disabled can learn academic skills. d. All of these statements are true.

Prenatal hormones have an influence on _________. a. verbal reasoning. b. spatial abilities. c. overall intelligence. d. emotional perception.

Which of the following is not cited as evidence of the reciprocal relationship between schooling and intelligence? a. Neither education level nor intelligence scores accurately predict income. b. Intelligence scores tend to rise during the school year. c. High school graduates have higher intelligence scores than do those who drop out early. d. High intelligence scores correlate with prolonged schooling.

Originally, IQ was defined as _________. a. mental age divided by chronological age and multiplied by 100. b. chronological age divided by mental age and multiplied by 100. c. mental age subtracted from chronological age and multiplied by 100. d. chronological age subtracted from mental age and multiplied by 100.

Tests of _________ measure what an individual can do now, whereas tests of __________ predict what an individual will be able to do later. a. aptitude; achievement. b. achievement; aptitude. c. reliability; validity. d. validity; reliability.

Which of the following statements more accurately reflects the text's position regarding the relative contribution of genes and environment in determining intelligence? a. Except in cases of a neglectful early environment, each individual's basic intelligence results primarily from environmental experiences. b. Except in those with genetic disorders such as Down Syndrome, intelligence results primarily from environmental experiences. c. Both genes and life experiences significantly influence performance on intelligence tests. d. Because intelligence test have such low predictive validity, the question cannot be addressed until psychologists agree on a more valid test of intelligence.

True or False: In the current version of the Stanford-Binet intelligence test, one's performance is compared only with the performance of others the same age.

True or False: Intelligence scores in the United States have been dropping over the past fifty years.

True or False: Most of the major aptitude tests have higher validity than reliability.

True or False: The people with high intelligence scores tend to process sensory information more quickly.

True or False: The gap in intelligence scores between Black and White children is increasing.

True or False: The intelligence scores of adopted children are more similar to those of their adoptive parens than their biological parents.

True or False: The consensus among psychologists is that most intelligence test are extremely biased.

True or False: Most psychologists agree that intelligence is mainly determined by heredity.

True or False: The Stanford-Binet test and the Wechsler scales are periodically restandardized.

True or False: The variation in intelligence scores within a racial group is much larger than between racial groups.

True or False: Telling students they are unlikely to succeed often erodes their performance on aptitude tests.

To say that the heritability of a trait is approximately 50 percent mean __________. a. that genes are responsible for 50 percent of the trait in an individual, and the environment is responsible for the rest. b. that the trait's appearance in a person will reflect approximately equal genetic contributions from both parents. c. that of the variation in the trait within a group of people, 50 percent can be attributed to heredity. d. all of these things.

Twenty-two-year-old Dan has an intelligence score of 63 and the academic skills of a fourth-grader, and he is unable to live independently. Dan probably ___________. a. has Down Syndrome. b. has savant syndrome. c. is intellectually disabled. d. will eventually achieve self-supporting social and vocational skills.

At age 16, Angel's intelligence score was 110. What will her score probably be at age 32? a. 125 b. 110 c. 115 d. There is no basis for predicting an individual's future IQ.

A school psychologist found that 85 percent of those who scored above 115 on an aptitude test were A students and 75 percent of those who scored below 85 on the test were D students. The psychologist concluded that the test had high ___________. a. content validity because scores on it correlated highly with the criterion behavior. b. predictive validity because scores on it correlated highly with the criterion behavior. c. content validity because score on it correlated highly with the target behavior. d. predictive validity because scores on it correlated highly with the target behavior.

Benito has born in 1937. In 1947, he scored 130 on an intelligence test. What was Benito's mental age when he took the test? a. 9. b. 10. c. 11. d 13.

Melvin has been diagnosed as having savant syndrome, which means that he _________. a. has an IQ of 120 or higher. b. would score high on a test of analytical intelligence. c. is limited in mental ability but has one exceptional ability. d. was exposed to high levels of testosterone during prenatal development.

In his study of children with high intelligence scores, Terman found that __________. a. the children were more emotional and less healthy than a control group. b. the children were ostracized by classmates. c. the children were healthy and well-adjusted, and did well academically. d. later, as adults, they nearly all achieved great vocational success.

Who started the modern intelligence testing?

The formula for the intelligence quotient was devised by __________. a. Sternberg. b. Binet. c. Terman. d. Stern.

If a test designed to indicate which applicants are likely to perform the best on the job fails to do so, the test has ____________. a. low reliability. b. low content validity. c. low predictive validity. d. not been standardized.

Which of the following provides the strongest evidence of environment's role in intelligence? a. Adopted children's intelligence scores are more like their adoptive parents' scores than their biological parents'. b. Children's intelligence scores are more strongly related to their mothers' scores than to their fathers'. c. Children moved from a deprived environemnt into an intellectually enriched one show gains in intellectual development. d. The intelligence scores of identical twins raised separately are no more alike than those of siblings.

The test created by Alfred Binet was designed specifically to __________. a. measure inborn intelligence in adults. b. measure inborn intelligence in children. c. predict school performance in children. d. identify children with an intellectual disability so that they could be institutionalized.

By creating a label such as "gifted," we begin to act as if all children are naturally divided into two categories, gifted and non gifted. This logical error is referred to as _________. a. rationalization. b. normalizing. c. factor analysis. d. reification.

Current intelligence test compute an individual's intelligence score as ________. a. the ratio of mental age to chronological age multiplied by 100. b. the ratio of chronological age to mental age multiplied by 100. c. the amount by which the test-taker's performance deviates from the average performance of others the same age. d. the ratio of the test-taker's verbal intelligence score to his or her nonverbal intelligence score.

J. McVicker Hunt found that institutionalized children given "tutored human enrichment" _________. a. showed no change in intelligence test performance compared with institutionalized children who did not receive such enrichment. b. responded so negatively as a result of their impoverished early experiences that he felt it necessary to disband the program. c. thrived intellectually and socially on the benefits of positive caregiving. d. actually developed greater intelligence than control subjects who had lived in foster homes since birth.

The concept of a g factor implies that intelligence _________. a. is a single overall ability. b. is several specific abilities. c. cannot be defined or measured. d. is a reified concept.

Gerardeen has superb social skills, manages conflicts well, and has a great empathy for her friends and co-workers. John Mayer, Peter Salovey, and David Caruso would probably say that Gerardeen possesses a high degree of __________. a. g b. social intelligence. c. practical intelligence. d. emotional intelligence.

By what age does a child's performance on an intelligence test stabilize? a. 2. b. 3. c. 6. d. 7.

Who was Spearman?

Define general intelligence.

What is factor analysis?

Who was Gardner?

What are Gardner's eight intelligences?

Define savant syndrome.

Who was Sternberg?

What are Sternberg's three intelligences?

What is Sternberg's theory of three intelligence called?

Compare and contrast Spearman, Gardner, and Sternberg's theories about intelligence.

Define emotional intelligence.

True or False: Intelligence does modestly correlate with brain size.

Who was Terman?

Who was Binet?

What is the IQ equation?

Does the IQ equation work as well on adults as it does on children?

What is the difference between achievement tests and aptitude tests?

Define Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS).

What are the three criteria that psychological test must meet?

True or False: The Stanford-Binet and Wechsler scales are periodically restandardized.

What is the Flynn effect?

What is the difference between reliability and validity?

What is the difference between content validity and predictive validity?

At what age can one begin to predict intelligence?

What age does intelligence stabilize?

What age does intelligence peak?