AP Human Geo Chapter 1 – Flashcards
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Globalization |
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the scale of the world is shrinking
ex: McDonalds is eveywhere and is uniform |
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Map |
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a twp dimensional (flat-scale) model of the Earth's surface, or a portion of it. |
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Place |
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a specif point on earth distinguished by a specific characteristic |
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Region |
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An area of Earth distgunished combo of cultural and physical features |
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Scale |
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Portion of the Earth being studied and Earth as a whole.
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Space |
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the physical gap or inetrval between to objects |
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Connections |
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realtionships among people and objects across the barrier of space |
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Cartography |
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Mapmaking |
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Projection |
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transfering loactions of Earth's surface to a flat map |
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Land Ordinance of 1785 |
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law that divided much of the United States into a system of townships to make selling land easier for settlers |
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Township |
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a square 6 miles on each side |
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Principal Meridians |
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A north - south line separating townships |
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Base lines |
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east-west lines are designated
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Section |
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a square (1 mile on each side) inside a township 36 sections in each township |
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GIS (geographic information system) |
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A computer system that store, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data. |
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Remote Sensing |
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getting data about Earth's surface from a satellite |
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GPS (Global Positioning System) |
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system that accurtaely determines the precise position of something on Earth. |
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Toponym |
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name given to a place on Earth |
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Site |
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phyiscal chatacter of a place
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Situation |
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location of a plce relative to other places |
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Meridian |
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arc drawn between the North and South poles |
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Parallel |
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circle drawn around the glove parallel to the equator and at right angles to meridians |
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Longitude |
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the numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance east and west of the prime meridian |
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Prime Meridian |
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he meridian designated as 0 degrees longitude, that passes through Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England |
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Latitude |
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the numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and southof the equator |
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Greenwhich Mean Time |
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timezone at the prime iridian |
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International Date Line |
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an arc that for the most posst part follow s 180 degrees longitude. Crossinf east the clock moves back 24 houras, when go west the calender moves ahead one day |
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Agricultural Density |
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the ratio of farmers to the total amount of land sutiable for farming |
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Arithemtic Density |
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total number of people divded by total land area |
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Contagious Diffusion |
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the fast and widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population |
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Cultural Ecology |
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geographic approach that emphasizes human - enviroment relationships |
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Cultural landscape |
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fashioning of a natural landscape by a cultural group |
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Culture |
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customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits that constitute a group of people's distinct tradition. |
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Density |
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the frequency with which something exists within a given unit of area |
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Diffusion |
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the process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time |
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Distance Decay |
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the diminishing importance of a phenomenon with distance from origin |
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Distribution |
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arrangement of somethingacross Earth's surface |
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Environmental determinism |
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19th - early 20th century approach that says that the general laws that human geographers can be found in physical scincea. |
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Expansion Diffusion |
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the spreadof a feature or tend among people from one area to another in a snowballing process |
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Formal Region |
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an area in which everyone shares in one or more distinctiive characteristics |
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Functional Region |
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an area organize around a node or focal point ; |
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Hearth |
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a region from which innovative ideas originate |
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Hierarchical Diffusion |
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spread of a feature or tend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places. |
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Pattern |
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The geometric or regular arrangement of something in a study area |
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Mental Map |
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An internal map of a place based on personal impressions of the things in it and around it. |
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Physiolocigcal Density |
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number of people per unit of arable land |
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Polder |
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land created created bvy the dutch by draining water from the area |
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Possibilism; |
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Humans can alter environment to suffice their needs |
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Regional Studies |
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An approach to geography that emphasizes the relationship among social or physical phenomena in a particular study area |
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Relocation Diffusion |
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The spread of a feature or a trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another. |
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Resource |
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something people can use |
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Space-time compression |
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the reduction of the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place |
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Stimulus Diffusion |
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the spread of an underlying principal, even though a specific characteristic is rejected |
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Transnational Corporation |
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A company that conducts research, operates factories and sells products in many countries |
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Uneven Develpment |
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The increasing ap in the economic conditions between core and peripheral regions as a result of the globaliztion of the economy |
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Vernacular Region |
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An area that people believe exists as a part of their culturaal identity |
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Location |
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The position of anything on the earth's surface |