question

Civil liberties

answer

the restraints on government found in the Bill of Rights and the "Due Process" Clause of the 14th Amendment

question

Civil rights

answer

protect citizens from discrimination by the government or other citizens, and they are rooted in the "Equal Protection" Clause of the 14th Amendment.

question

Civil liberties can be described as which of the following?

answer

freedoms that protect citizens from the government

question

The Bill of Rights does which of the following?

answer

communicates what the federal government cannot do

question

1st Amendment

answer

Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petition

question

2nd Amendment

answer

Right to bear arms

question

3rd Amendment

answer

The government cannot force people to keep troops in their private homes

question

4th Amendment

answer

Search and Seizure

question

5th Amendment

answer

The Right to Remain Silent/Double Jeopardy, right to due process

question

6th Amendment

answer

Right to a speedy trial

question

7th Amendment

answer

Right to jury in civil trials.

question

8th Amendment

answer

no cruel and unusual punishment

question

9th Amendment

answer

Rights not included in Constitution go to the people

question

10th Amendment

answer

Powers Reserved to the States

question

11th Amendment

answer

One State cannot be sued by another state

question

12th Amendment

answer

separation of votes for President and Vice President

question

13th Amendment

answer

Abolished Slavery

question

14th Amendment

answer

Rights of Citizens

question

15th Amendment

answer

States cannot deny any person the right to vote because of race.

question

16th Amendment

answer

income tax

question

17th Amendment

answer

direct election of senators

question

18th Amendment

answer

Prohibition

question

19th Amendment

answer

Gave women the right to vote

question

20th Amendment

answer

Commencement of Terms; Sessions of Congress; Death or Disqualification of President-Elect

question

21st Amendment

answer

Repeal of Prohibition

question

22nd Amendment

answer

Limits the president to two terms.

question

23rd Amendment

answer

Granted the District of Columbia 3 Electoral Votes

question

24th Amendment

answer

Abolishes poll taxes

question

25th Amendment

answer

Presidential succession

question

26th Amendment

answer

States cannot deny the right to vote based on age (18+)

question

27th Amendment

answer

Congressional Pay; Congress's power to fix the salaries of its members

question

Which of the following contemporary issues relates to the Fourth Amendment?

answer

NSA surveillance

question

Which amendment protects states' rights?

answer

10th

question

Over 100 amendments were proposed. From this list, Congress approved 12 and sent them to the states for ratification.Of those sent to the states, only ten were ratified and added to the Constitution

answer

truw

question

Prior to the passage of the Bill of Rights, how many amendments were approved by Congress?

answer

12

question

For the first half of the nation's history, the Bill of Rights protected citizens from which of the following?

answer

the national government

question

The 1st Amendment defines what liberties

answer

it defends five liberties, including religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition:

question

The First Amendment protects which of the following liberties?

answer

freedom of religion

question

Which of the following helps make up the First Amendment freedom of religion?

answer

the Establishment Clause

question

The National Cathedral does not violate the First Amendment because it does not violate which of the following?

answer

the Establishment Clause

question

Which of the following helps make up the First Amendment freedom of religion

answer

The Establishment Clause

question

The National Cathedral does not violate the First Amendment because it does not violate which of the following?

answer

The National Cathedral does not violate the First Amendment because it does not violate the Establishment Clause.

question

How many criteria make up the Lemon test?

answer

three

question

Which of the following falls into Stage 1 of the Sherbert test?

answer

"Does the government action pose a substantial burden to the person's ability to act on that belief?"

question

Which of the following criteria was violated in Lemon v. Kurtzman?

answer

The government action may not result in excessive government entanglement in religion.

question

Which of the following is considered a well-protected form of speech?

answer

political speech

question

Which of the following forms of free speech has the Supreme Court protected under the First Amendment?

answer

burning the American flag

question

Which of the following is the most important post-1920s limitation on the freedom of political speech?

answer

Direct Incitement

question

The Citizens United decision expanded the Supreme Court's protection of free speech into which of the following arenas?

answer

political speech by corporations

question

n Morse v. Frederick, what was the question at stake?

answer

, the question at stake was whether it violates the First Amendment right to free speech when a public school suspends a student for displaying a banner that advocates drug use.

question

What was the outcome of the Tinker case in 1969?

answer

students do not shed their constitutional rights at the schoolhouse gate."

question

What was the guiding principle until 1986 concerning the limits of student speech?

answer

Until 1986, the guiding principle was that school districts can only limit substantially and materially disruptive speech.

question

How did events such as Columbine and 9/11 affect federal court rulings concerning free speech for students?

answer

Events such as Columbine and 9/11 led to renewed legal justification for restricting student speech.

question

Which of the following is a gray area that Robert Richards identifies?

answer

true threats of violence

question

What kinds of student expression have schools been able to limit?

answer

limit hate speech, drug-related messages, violent expression, and sexual innuendo.

question

According to Robert Richards, many cases in the future regarding student speech will primarily have to do with which of the following?

answer

Internet and web-based speech

question

How many justices were in the majority and how many were in the minority in the Morse v. Frederick decision?

answer

Five in the majority and four in the minority

question

The Miller test is used as a standard to evaluate which form of speech?

answer

obscenity

question

What was the Supreme Court's ruling in the Morse v. Frederick case?

answer

The Court upheld the school's restrictions on student speech.

question

According to the relevant Supreme Court standard, less-protected forms of speech are those that do which of the following?

answer

Lack ideas that hold social value

question

Which type of speech "inflicts injury or tends to incite an immediate breach of the peace"?

answer

fighting words

question

An attempt by the government to block material before publication is known as which of the following?

answer

prior restraint

question

which form of freedom of assembly has the Supreme Court consistently found to be worthy of protection?

answer

peaceful demonstrations in public spaces

question

The Second Amendment is central to which contemporary political issue?

answer

Gun Control

question

The 1993 Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act would prohibit which of the following people from buying a gun?

answer

a woman who has been hospitalized with schizophrenia

question

What happened in the aftermath of the shootings that occurred at Sandy Hook Elementary School in late 2012?

answer

Congress did not renew the federal assault weapons ban.

question

What did Justice Alito argue in the majority decision he wrote for the Supreme Court's ruling in the case of McDonald v. City of Chicago?

answer

that the Second Amendment should be applied to the states

question

The Fourth Amendment protects citizens from which of the following?

answer

illegal examination and confiscation of property

question

Which of the following might be considered an "exigent circumstance"?

answer

a threat to an individual's safety

question

Which of the following refers to the situation in which an otherwise invalid warrant is considered valid if the officer believed he was acting within the boundaries of the law?

answer

a good-faith exception

question

What law passed this century has had the greatest implications for Fourth Amendment rights?

answer

the Patriot Act

question

The Fifth Amendment includes which of the following under its protections?

answer

protection against self-incrimination

question

What does it mean to say the Fifth Amendment protects citizens against double jeopardy?

answer

A citizen cannot be tried twice for the same crime.

question

Which of the following are considered rights guaranteed to the criminally accused by the Sixth Amendment?

answer

Under the Sixth Amendment, the criminally accused has the right to an impartial jury.

question

Which of the following reflects a change in the interpretation of the Sixth Amendment from the past 50 years?

answer

That poor defendants in felony cases are now provided counsel by the state reflects a change in the interpretation of the Sixth Amendment.

question

The Eighth Amendment and the Court's interpretation of it protect the criminally accused from which of the following?

answer

excessive bail

question

Which of the following represents an accurate statement regarding the death penalty?

answer

Several states have placed a moratorium on the death penalty.

question

The idea of dual citizenship in the context of civil liberties refers to which of the following?

answer

Americans being subject to both state and national protections

question

What was the last provision of the Bill of Rights that the Supreme Court applied to the states?

answer

Freedom of Speech

question

The 14th Amendment did which of the following?

answer

reversed dual citizenship

question

Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding the freedom of religion?

answer

Americans were not always protected from state infringement on freedom of religion.

question

Which civil liberty was the most recent to be incorporated (applied to the states) by the Supreme Court?

answer

the right to bear arms

question

Which of the following rights has NOT been incorporated?

answer

The right to a jury trial in a civil case has not yet been incorporated.

question

When did the Court establish the trimester system to structure a woman's rights during pregnancy?

answer

Roe v. Wade (1973

question

In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court clarify the restrictions that states may impose on abortion?

answer

Webster v. Reproductive Health Services

question

The Supreme Court's ruling in Bowers v. Hardwick did which of the following?

answer

found that states could restrict sexual activity unrelated to procreation

question

What was the Court's ruling in Lawrence v. Texas?

answer

It extended the right to privacy to sexual conduct between consenting homosexual adults.

question

Where is the right to privacy found in the Constitution? A) Tenth Amendment B) First Amendment C) Sixth Amendment D) Ninth Amendment or none of the above

answer

none

question

The Supreme Court's decision in Roe v. Wade (1973) built on the Griswold ruling. How did it further define the right to privacy?

answer

The Court ruled that the government cannot violate a woman's privacy in terms of her right to terminate a pregnancy.

question

How did the language surrounding the right to privacy change in the case of Lawrence v. Texas (2003)?

answer

In your personal, private life, you have a right to liberty and the government cannot interfere with that.

question

The Supreme Court cases discussed by Foner apply the right to privacy to which of the following aspects of life?

answer

marriage, reproductive choices, sexual activity, and medical treatment

question

What does Justice Kennedy write in the opening paragraph regarding the Constitution and liberty?

answer

The Constitution promises liberty to all within its reach, including rights that allow persons to define and express their identity.

question

According to Justice Kennedy's first paragraph, what does liberty have to do with a person's right to marry whomever they choose?

answer

The petitioners in the case seek to exercise their constitutional liberty by marrying someone of the same sex and having that marriage recognized as equal to heterosexual marriage.

question

According to Justice Kennedy's reasoning, what is the relationship between the right of same-sex couples to marry and the 14th Amendment?

answer

The 14th Amendment promises liberty and equal protection.

question

Who is John Obergefell, and what happened to him that led his case to be heard by the U.S. Supreme Court?

answer

Obergefell married his partner in Maryland, where same-sex marriage was legal, but resided in Ohio, where it was not. Thus he could not enjoy the same marriage benefits as opposite-sex married couples and was not listed on his spouse's death certificate.

question

What is the interlocking nature of the Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses when it comes to gay rights, according to Kennedy?

answer

Gay rights involve both principles of liberty (to engage in intimate sexual conduct in the privacy of the home) and principles of equality (to enjoy the same benefits afforded to heterosexual couples).

question

How does Kennedy invoke the right to dignity in the closing lines of the opinion?

answer

He suggests gay couples ask for the right to choose whom to love, to marry out of that love, and to find equal recognition for that marriage by the state.

question

Oregon's Death with Dignity Act does which of the following?

answer

allows terminally-ill Oregonians to end their lives through the voluntary self-administration of lethal medications

question

The Supreme Court's rulings on the right to die tend toward which of the following?

answer

supporting the autonomy of states in the area of physician-assisted suicide

question

For which of the following do civil rights require equal protection?

answer

gender

question

At what point was the concept of equality enshrined in the U.S. Constitution?

answer

when the 14th Amendment was ratified

question

The Equal Protection Clause prohibits which type of discrimination?

answer

"unreasonable"

question

Affirmative action represents an example of which of the following?

answer

guaranteeing equality of outcome

question

Which of the following represents an accurate description of what transpired in 1808?

answer

The slave population numbered over one million.

question

What was the significance of the Missouri Compromise?

answer

It granted freedom to any slave whose master established residence in a free territory.

question

What was the immediate effect of Abraham Lincoln's election to the presidency?

answer

South Carolina seceded from the Union.

question

Which of the following states had slaves that were not freed by the Emancipation Proclamation?

answer

Slaves in Missouri were not freed by the Emancipation Proclamation.

question

The American Woman Suffrage Association differed from the National Woman Suffrage Association in which of the following ways?

answer

It targeted amendments to state constitutions.

question

Who drafted the 19th Amendment to the Constitution?

answer

Susan B. Anthony

question

The NAACP primarily targeted inequities in which educational institutions?

answer

graduate and professional programs

question

The "Doll Study" was used as evidence in which of the following cases?

answer

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas

question

In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court rule that schools must desegregate "with all deliberate speed"?

answer

Brown v. Board II

question

Who were "The Little Rock Nine"?

answer

the group of African American students attempting to attend Central High School

question

What was the immediate effect of Rosa Parks's arrest?

answer

a yearlong bus boycott in Montgomery, Alabama

question

Which of the following used radical protest tactics such as sit-ins and Freedom Rides?

answer

the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)

question

To whom did Martin Luther King Jr. direct his "Letter from a Birmingham Jail"?

answer

clergy who are critical of his activities.

question

According to the text, which of the following drew national attention to the issue of racial inequality?

answer

television coverage of police brutality

question

What was one of the purposes of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

answer

Ban discrimination based on race.

question

Which of the following became referred to as "Bloody Sunday"?

answer

The police attack on participants in a march from Selma to Montgomery was referred to as "Bloody Sunday."

question

Which group did President Kennedy task with the investigation of the treatment of women in American society?

answer

President Kennedy tasked the Presidential Commission on the Status of Women with the investigation of the treatment of women in American society.

question

Protective legislation was concerned with which of the following?

answer

enacting policies that addressed women's biological differences from men

question

In what year was the Equal Rights Amendment added to the Constitution? 1972 1966 1994 or none of these

answer

none of these options

question

Which amendment banned all forms of "slavery" and "involuntary servitude"?

answer

the 13th Amendment

question

The ruling in which of the following cases established the "separate but equal" doctrine?

answer

Plessy v. Ferguson

question

According to the text, which states did the federal government threaten to withhold money from?

answer

states that refused to comply with the Civil Rights Act of 1964

question

Which of the following became referred to as "Bloody Sunday"?

answer

the police attack on participants in a march from Selma to Montgomery

question

What was the purpose of Title IX?

answer

to ensure equality of funding between women's and men's educational programs

question

Korematsu v. United States generated which standard of review?

answer

"compelling state interest test"

question

What must the government prove to satisfy the intermediate standard of review?

answer

The policy is substantially related to a legitimate government objective.

question

Which of the following standards of review are used to evaluate government action in relation to the Equal Protection Clause?

answer

strict scrutiny

question

In which of the following standards of review are the interests of the individual given the most weight?

answer

strict scrutiny

question

which of the following tactics has frequently been employed by Latino civil rights groups?

answer

rallies

question

The American Indian Movement is noted for its use of which of the following types of tactics?

answer

occupation of symbolic property

question

Which of the following was a major achievement of the disability rights movement?

answer

the passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act in 1990

question

In his majority opinion for the case of Obergefell v. Hodges, which constitutional amendment did Justice Kennedy rely on to justify the Supreme Court's decision legalizing same-sex marriage?

answer

the 14th Amendment

question

which group has notably taken advantage of media relations in order to further its cause of obtaining full civil rights?

answer

the LGBT community

AP government unit 2 – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards