question

The federal government provides matching funds, dollar for dollar, for money raised by small donors for what types of elections?

answer

presidential elections

question

When a district is drawn in a bizarre or unusual shape to assist a candidate, it is

answer

gerrymandered

question

The text suggests that elections are decided by __________ voters.

answer

retrospective

question

Presidential elections are held every

answer

4 years

question

The experience with 527 organizations in the 2004 elections suggests that campaign finance laws

answer

are not likely to take money out of politics

question

The effect of winning early elections on candidate support is called

answer

momentum or the bandwagon effect

question

A position issue is an issue that does not divide voters.

answer

false

question

In recent elections, candidates have relied increasingly on

answer

broadcasting to reach potential voters

question

Since 1962, the incumbent reelection percentage in the House has never dropped below

answer

80%

question

The quintessential summary of retrospective voting, according to Ronald Reagan, was,

answer

"are you better off than you were four years ago"

question

When Hubert Humphrey won the Democratic nomination for the presidency in 1968, he did so

answer

without competing in a single state primary

question

The current size of the House at 435 members was set in the year 1911.

answer

true

question

Most of the money that individual candidates spend during the course of a campaign is directed toward

answer

media related activities

question

When a voter votes for the candidate whom he or she considers more likely to do a better job in office, that voting is referred to as

answer

prospective voting

question

Campaign finance reforms

answer

all of these choices are true

question

Research has found that highly emotional ads have the most effect on people who know the least aboutpolitics.

answer

true

question

most political ads are

answer

negative

question

Funding of congressional elections comes from

answer

private sources only

question

By the time the 2012 presidential election was completed, the Obama campaign and the Romney campaign, together with a dozen other contenders for the presidency, had raised and spent approximately

answer

1.3 billion

question

After the last two census adjustments, which state has benefited the most by gaining the highest number of seats in the House?

answer

texas

question

In Federal Election Commission v. Wisconsin Right to Life, the Supreme Court held that

answer

issue advocacy was protected by the first amendment and could not be banned

question

Malapportionment is when districts are drawn for pure political reasons.

answer

false

question

Congressional elections are held every

answer

2 years

question

Which of the following is not considered a pivotal state in presidential elections?

answer

california

question

In Israel and the Netherlands, the names of candidates for the legislature do not even appear on theballot.

answer

true

question

After party caucuses when national nominating conventions dominated, the real power, in selecting presidential nominees, was wielded by

answer

local party leaders

question

The agency responsible for monitoring federal elections and campaign finance is the

answer

federal election commission

question

Presidential candidates must accept public funding.

answer

false

question

Democrats could be predicted to win every presidential election if the only factor were

answer

party identification

question

Nearly everyone is in agreement over a __________ issue, and the candidate fully supports the public's view.

answer

valence

question

In the 1800s, most people voted straight party ticket.

answer

true

question

The President's party tends to do well in off-year elections.

answer

false

question

The text argues that the U.S. constitutional system was designed to make the adoption of radical departures in policy

answer

difficult

question

Originally, presidential candidates were chosen by

answer

congressional caucus

question

A comprehensive study on political advertisements found that the largest number emphasized

answer

voters' fears

question

Which of the following does the text suggest is a critical factor in presidential elections?

answer

none of the above

question

After the 1964 election gave Democrats large majorities in Congress and the Presidency

answer

none of these choices are true

question

The text suggests that the term campaigning has become a synonym for

answer

fundraising

question

Trade and corporate PAC money tends to flow exclusively to ideologically similar parties.

answer

false

question

Democrats who participate in the Iowa caucus tend to be

answer

more liberal than democrats generally

question

Which type of voting requires a lot of information about candidates and issues?

answer

prospective voting

question

Soft money is money that is obtained by

answer

political parties

question

To be a member of the House of Representatives, a person must be

answer

25

question

A __________ issue is one in which the rival candidates have opposing views on a question that also divides the voters.

answer

a position

question

Voters know, generally speaking, if the country is headed on the right track or wrong track.

answer

true

question

Which of the following is true of political advertising?

answer

none of these answers are true

question

Concerned about the shortened length of campaigns, parties have begun to

answer

. reduce frontloading of primary elections and reduce delegates from early states.

question

Since 1964, African Americans have voted Democratic by at least

answer

80%

question

Ordinary advertising directed at or against a candidate, but not by any candidate's wish, is

answer

independent expedenture

question

During ordinary times, every election is critical and forces the parties to fight over a single dominant issue.

answer

true

question

The most important factor in winning the Presidency is

answer

partisanship

question

According to the text, campaign matter for

answer

Assigning credit and blame, activating latent partisanship, and judging qualities of candidates are all true.

question

The effect of gerrymandering on Congressional elections is much larger than many claim.

answer

false

question

Since 1911 the size of the House of Representatives has been fixed at _______ members.

answer

435

question

when a district is drawn in a bizarre or unusual shape to assist a candidate, it is

answer

gerrymandered

question

The Constitution's doctrine of "privileged speech" has been interpreted by the Supreme Court to mean

answer

that members of Congress cannot be sued or prosecuted for anything that they say or write in connection with their legislative duties.

question

Electoral coattails refers to

answer

the winning presidential candidate's positive effect on congressional elections.

question

Many scholars argue that the foremost factor in determining how people vote is

answer

party identification

question

If you run for a seat in the House against the incumbent, the odds are very much against you.

answer

true

question

Most of the money for congressional candidates comes from

answer

individuals

question

It is unconstitutional to restrict the expenditures of a candidate's campaigns, but contributions to campaigns can be limited.

answer

true

question

When a district is so unequal that the votes of citizens are unequal in size

answer

malapportioned

question

Most political ads are

answer

negative

question

In the 1980 presidential election, many people voted for Ronald Reagan over Jimmy Carter as a vote against Carter's performance. This is an example of a(n)

answer

retrospective vote

question

A major difference between presidential campaigns and congressional campaigns is that

answer

presidential races are generally more competitive

question

In a strong party parliamentary system, once a party wins office

answer

it can implement its platform line by line

question

By custom, Members of Congress must live in the district that they represent, not just the state.

answer

true

question

The campaign finance law created in the 1970s was the direct by-product of

answer

the water gate scandal

question

One advantage that incumbents always have over challengers is

answer

their use of free mailing, or franks

question

Presidential campaigning has changed drastically; and fundraising has lost its importance.

answer

false

question

Most demographic groups favor one party or the other by

answer

5% or less

question

Disputed congressional elections are decided by

answer

congress

question

Based on research, presidential debates seem to

answer

matter for the remaining undecided

question

A U.S. Senator must be at least 30 years old.

answer

true

question

The following is an example of a valence issue.

answer

all of these choices are true

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