AP Euro Exam Review: Art Movements – Flashcards

Secular in theme and focused on antiquity, individualism, humanism, and worldly experience. Subjects were often mythology, human form. Techniques included perspective, chiaroscuro, sfumato, contrapasto. Centered in Florence, and later Rome. Important artists were Michelangelo, Da Vinci, Raphael, Titian, Brunelleschi. Medicis were most important patrons.

Less secular in theme and focused on salvation and religious piety. More detail throughout paintings (especially the background) than the Italian Renaissance. Use of oil paints in contrast to Italian Renaissance that used tempera. More emotional and works often preoccupied with death. Prevalent in Low Countries (Flanders) and Germany. Important artists were Jan Van Eyck, Bosch, Brueghel, Durer, Holbein. Fuggers were most important patrons.

Reflected the ideals of the Catholic Reformation and the grandeur of absolutism. Expressed in a concrete and emotional way the glory and power of the Church. Sought to overwhelm the viewer and provoke an emotional response. Emphasized grandeur, emotion, movement, spaciousness, and unity surrounding a certain theme. Influential in Spain, Rome, and the Netherlands. Important artists were Caravaggio, Bernini, Velazquez, Peter Paul Rubens, Artemisia Gentileschi. Quintessential example is Versailles.

Simultaneous with Baroque movement. Arose in France; spread to Austria. Popular with nobles. Characterized by extravagance, wealth, elegance, pleasantness, frivolity; contrasts emotional grandeur of Baroque. Strictly ornate. Important artists were Fragonard, Boucher, Watteau.