AP Biology- Chapter 10- Photosynthesis – Flashcards
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Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle?
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ATP and NADPH
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Photosynthesis is not responsible for
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Fossil Fuels
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Where does the Calvin Cycle take place?
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Stroma of the chloroplast
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In any ecosystem, terrestrial or aquatic, what group(s) is (are) always necessary?
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Autotrophs
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When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a direct by-product of
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Splitting water molecules
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A plant has a unique photosynthetic pigment. The leaves of this plant appear to be reddish yellow. What wavelengths of visible light are being absorbed by this pigment?
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Blue and violet
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Halobacterium has a photosynthetic membrane that is colored purple. Its photosynthetic action spectrum is exactly complementary (opposite to) the action spectrum for green plants. What wavelengths of light do the Halobacterium photosynthetic pigments absorb?
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Blue and red
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In the thylakoid membranes, what is the main role of the pigment molecules?
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Harvest photons and transfer light energy to the reaction-center chlorophyll
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Which statement describes the functioning of Photosystem II?
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The electron vacancies in P680+ are filled by electrons derived from water
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Which of the following are directly associated with Photosystem I?
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Receiving electrons from the thylakoid membrane electron transport chain
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What are the products of linear phosphorylation?
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ATP and NADPH
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What does the chemiosmotic process in chloroplasts involve?
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Establishment of a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane
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Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration?
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Photosynthesis stores energy in complex organic molecules, whereas respiration releases it.
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In photosynthetic cells, synthesis of ATP by the chemiosmotic mechanism occurs during
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Both photosynthesis and respiration
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Reduction of oxygen to form water occurs during
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Respiration only
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Reduction of NADP occurs during
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Photosynthesis
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Generation of proton gradients across membranes occurs during
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Both photosynthesis and respiration
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In metabolic processes of cell respiration and photosynthesis, prosthetic groups such as heme and iron-sulfur complexes are encountered in components of the electron transport chain. What do they do?
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Both oxidize and reduce during electron transport
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In a cyanobacterium, the reactions that produce NADPH occur in
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The light reactions alone.
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The reactions that produce molecular oxygen (O2) take place in
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The light reactions alone.
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A flask containing photosynthetic green algae and a control flask containing water with no algae are both placed under a bank of lights, which are set to cycle between 12 hours of light and 12 hours of dark. The dissolved oxygen concentration in both flasks are monitored. Predict what the relative dissolved oxygen concentrations will be in the flask with algae compared to the control flask.
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The dissolved oxygen in the flask with algae will be higher in the light, but lower in the dark.
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Where do the enzymatic reactions of the Calvin cycle take place?
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Matrix of the mitochondria
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What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?
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Synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide
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In a plant leaf, the reactions that produce NADH occur in
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neither the light reaction nor the Calvin Cycle
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The NADPH required for the Calvin cycle comes from
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Reactions initiated in Photosystem I.
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Reactions that require CO2 take place in
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The light reactions alone.
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Which of the following statements best represents the relationships between the light reactions and the Calvin Cycle?
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The light reactions provide ATP and NADPH to the Calvin Cycle, and the cycle returns ADP, Pi, and NADP to the light reactions.
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Compared to C3 plants, C4 plants
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Can continue to fix CO2 even at relatively low CO@ concentrations and high oxygen concentrations.
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Plants photosynthesis only in the light. Plants respire
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both in light and dark
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Figure 10.1 shows the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll a and the action spectrum photosynthesis. Why are they different?
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Other pigments absorb light in addition to chlorophyll a
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What wavelength of light in the figure is most effective in driving photosynthesis?
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420 mm
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A gardener is concerned that her greenhouse is getting too hot from too much light, and seeks to shade her plants with colored translucent plastic sheets. What color should she use to reduce overall light energy, but still maximize plant growth?
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Blue
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Theodore W. Engelmann illuminated a filament of algae with light that passed through a prism, thus exposing different segments of algae to different wavelengths of light. He added aerobic bacteria and then noted in which areas the bacteria congregated. He noted that the largest groups were found in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light.
An outcome of this experiment was to help determine...
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The relationship between wavelengths of light and the amount of heat released.
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Since the spaceship will be too far from the sun for photosynthesis, an artificial light source will be needed. What wavelengths of light should be used to maximize plant growth with a minimum of energy expenditure?
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A mixture of blue and red light
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Which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?
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H2O --> NADPH --> Calvin Cycle
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Which of the following statements is a correct distinction between autotrophs and heterotrophs?
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Autotrophs, but not heterotrophs, can nourish themselves beginning with CO2 and other nutrients that are inorganic.
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In mechanism, phosphorylation is most similar to
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oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration