ap art history romanesque cp 17 – Flashcards
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Ambulatory
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A continuous aisle around a church where pilgrims walk, created to keep them from disrupting mass.
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Apse
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The semicircular or polygonal recess at the end of a church that is opposite the main entry point. Altar is here.
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Bailey
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The outer wall or open area surrounded by said wall around a castle/church
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Baldachin
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An ornamental canopy on columns over a tomb, altar, or throne.
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Barrel vault
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A half-round ceiling made by placing a series of arches front-to-back.
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Bestiary
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A collection of allegories with descriptions of real or imaginary animals.
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Campanile
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A usually Italian bell tower that is normally near to a church but not actually attached.
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Cathedral
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The principal church of a diocese.
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Chancel
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The part of a church that is reserved for the clergy and contains the altar and the choir.
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Choir
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The part of a church or cathedral where services are sung. Usually to the east of the transept and inside of the chancel, but sometimes goes inside part of the nave.
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Clerestory
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A wall of a building that is raised above the adjoining room. It normally features windows.
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Cloister
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A covered walkway or ambulatory around an open court or garden.
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Compound pier
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A pier composed of a cluster or group of members.
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Cruciform
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Cross-shaped
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Crusade
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Any of the three essentially continuous military expeditions in the 11-13th centuries when Christian powers of Europe invaded Muslim territory to capture the Holy Land
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Diaphragm Arch
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A transverse, wall-bearing arch that divides a vault or a ceiling into compartments
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Embroidery
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The art of making decorations with needlework, making and arranging stitches of variously colored threads
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Engaged Column
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A column-like structure that appears to be a column-shape carved out of a wall but bears not special support for the wall.
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Feudalism
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The dominant social system in medieval Europe, in which the nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants (villeins or serfs) were obliged to live on their lord's land and give him homage, labor, and a share of the produce, notionally in exchange for military protection.
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Frieze
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A decorative horizontal band usually placed along the upper end of a wall.
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Groin vault
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A vault formed when two barrel vaults meet at right angles.
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Hall church
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A church with nave and side aisles of approximately equal height, often united under a single immense roof.
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Historiated capital
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A capital on a column that is decorated with a story.
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Incrustation
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A style of classical Roman wall decoration in which the wall was divided into bright, polychrome panels of solid colors with occasional, schematically rendered textural contrasts, often veined in imitation of polished slabs of marble.
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Jamb
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The vertical sides of an opening, normally referred to when talking about an entry to a church.
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Keep
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A strong central tower which is used as a dungeon or a fortress.
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Laid-and-Couched
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A form of embroidery where a thread (usually wool ) is laid on a ground fabric (usually wool or linen ). This stitch is created by laying a set of ground threads, that work from one side of the pattern to the other.
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Lantern Tower
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A tower with several windows for illuminating the crossing
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Lintel
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A horizontal beam of any material spanning an opening, usually between two walls or posts
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Mandorla
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A glory when it surrounds the entire figure of God, Christ, the Virgin Mary, or a saint with a large oval of radiant light.
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Narthex
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A porch or vestibule of a church, generally colonnaded or arcaded and preceding the nave
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Nave
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The major, central area where the congregation gathers. It leads from the main entrance to the altar and choir, and is usually flanked by side aisles.
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Pilgrimage
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A journey to a place associated with someone or something well known or respected.
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Pointed arch
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An arch with a pointed apex
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Quadrant arch
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A half-barrel (tunnel) vault.
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Radiating chapel
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Small, semi-circular chapels arranged around the apse of large church.
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Relic
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A holy object that is supposedly from a saint.
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Reliquary
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A container or receptacle, such as a coffer or shrine, used to keep or display sacred relics.
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Rib vault
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A variation on groin vaults, a ribbed barrel vault.
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Springing
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In architecture, the lowest block of stone of an arch, resting on the impost block.
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Tapestry
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A wall hanging of heavy handwoven fabric with pictorial designs
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Transept
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An aisle between the apse and nave that makes the cruciform shape.
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Tympanum
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The half-round panel that fills the space between the lintel and the arch over a Romanesque or Gothic doorway.
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Voussoirs
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The wedge-shaped stones which form the curved portions of an arch or a vaulted ceiling.
