AP Art History-Final Exam – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers
question
fibula
answer
decorative pin used to fasten a cloak or cape
question
cloisonné
answer
enamel work; glass on a metal base
question
Sutton Hoo purse cover
answer
625 CE Suffolk, England -from Sutton Hoo burial...ship used as coffin (transportation to the next world) -red and gold (power colors) >>geometric elements, animal motifs (birds and lions), and curved, linear interlace become characteristic -symbolism as a way to communicate -ducks and eagles attacking, man b/w two lions fending them off >> POWER
question
Merovingian (Frankish) fibula
answer
mid 6th century France -made from gold, garnets, and enamel (cloisonné) -functional, but decorative -geometric curved lines that resolve in circles forming eyes of animals -abstract zoomorphic motifs -fish>>Christianity -birds (eagles)>>power -animal style art was the dominant trend from 5-9th centuries
question
St. Matthew page, Book of Durrow
answer
660-680 Scotland -pattern, interlace on boarder and on cloak -no classical sense of body -Matthew
question
carpet page, Lindisfarne Gospels
answer
697-721 England -carpet page -repetition and symmetry (dynamic tension, state of equilibrium) -minerals for color are expensive and must be imported; gold leaf also expensive -intricate...took a long time to produce. Production regarded as a form of meditation/worship...done to glorify God -interlace is symbolic of eternity...also is a trap for evil -many animal motifs...more subdued
question
Chi Rho Iota page, Book of Kells
answer
late 8th or early 9th century Scotland -not a carpet page...words -repeated curves and interlace -Jesus in center (blonde) -animals: -otter -cats with mice (mice=evil...eating communion bread, cats are going to attack! Good v. Evil) -4 evangelists
question
High Cross of Muiredach
answer
923 Ireland -exception to small items and manuscripts -grave marker -celtic cross -episodes of Jesus' life west: crucifixion (sunset) east: resurrection (sunrise)
question
Charlamagne equestrian sculpture
answer
9th century France -Roman equestrians, but now SMALL...tabletop size -cross, orb -bronze...metal (like earlier Middle Age)
question
Coronation Gospels
answer
800-810 Germany -shaped by COLOR -drapery...see his body -illusionism and realism, naturalistic
question
Ebbo Gospels
answer
816-835 France -shaped by LINE -adapt Roman stuff...but proportions are wrong and it's not very naturalistic -in front of a landscape (perspective, illusionism) -lines are diagonal>>dynamic...especially b/c it changes diagonal -emotional/expressive
question
Lindau Gospels
answer
870 Switzerland -manuscripts=a HUGE investment...protect them! -front: Jesus' crucifixion, angels crying -back (pictured): butterfly (resurrection), 4 heads=4 gospels, lots of interlace in the wings
question
Palatine Chapel, Aachen
answer
792-805 Aachen, Germany -Roman semicircular arch...big open space in the middle...enclosing large volumes of space (Roman) -columns literally=Roman -1st stine vaulted builing in centuries
question
Bronze doors, St. Michael's, Hildesheim
answer
1015 Germany -commissioned by Bishop Bernward -16' tall -symbolic (Middle Age population was mostly illiterate) -shows key stories of Christian doctrine left: fall of man (sinfulness, expulsion serpant=lizard...top to bottom) right: salvation (annunciation to resurection...bottom to top)
question
Column of Bishop Bernward
answer
1015-1022 Germany -originally guess a crucifix adorned the top -tells stories of Jesus NOT told on the door -influence of Trajan's Column!! -bronze
question
Gero Crucifix
answer
970 Cologne, Germany -wood -large scale -German expressionism>>emotional, dramatic -very graphic (earlier, crucifixion never shown)...martyrdom...inspire
question
Hiberno Saxon
answer
(aka Insular) an art style that flourished in the monasteries of the British Isles in the early Middle Ages
question
carpet page
answer
In early medieval manuscripts, a decorative page without any text
question
Matthew
answer
angel (earlier a man)
question
Mark
answer
lion
question
Luke
answer
ox
question
John
answer
eagle
question
chi rho iato
answer
XPI, monogram, Greek for Christ
question
celtic cross
answer
cross with a ring surrounding the intersection
question
Carolingian Era
answer
700-900, associated with Charlamagne who wanted to revive Roman imperial artistic traditions
question
renovatio
answer
renevalto; renewal, renovation, restoration of the Roman empire...renew tradition, not copy
question
Ottonian
answer
900-1000; evolved during the reign of the "Otto's". Inspired by carolingian and byzantine architecture. Found in Germany.
question
Romanesque
answer
1050-1200, "Roman-like." A term to describe the history, culture, and art of medieval western Europe.
question
St. Sernin
answer
1070-1120 France -monastery of town -pilgrimage site (to visit relics)>>effects architecture...more room for more people -basilican w/transept, cruciform -two aisles (more room)...aisles direct traffic to chapels, keep out of the way of service -radiating chapels -crossing (where altar is)=square...dimensions set proportions for the rest of the church -no lights>>few wall decorations
question
Church of St. Pierre, Miossac
answer
1115-1135 Miossac, France -portal -Christ in Majesty...throned, usually judge at the las judgement -surounded by angels -row of Old Testament figure...Jesus is fulfillment
question
Church of St. Pierre, prohet
answer
1115-1130 Miossac, France -Jeremiah? -body is more of a pattern that physical body -lots of angles...forms X -floating -elongated
question
Church of La Madeline, Vezelay
answer
1120-1132 France -Jeus is central -Pentecost (sending out apostles to spread the faith) -infidels on lintel -outer achivolt shows figures of different labor activities...labors of the months >ackowledgment of society >applicability of Christianity throughout the year -in between labors are signs of the zodiac >all times and all people for Christianity
question
Moralia of Job
answer
1115-1125 France -historiated initial -knight=good Christian soldier v. evil
question
Morgan Madonna
answer
12th century France -small 3D object, appear later -image of Mary with Jesus as a baby -for private use -owned by J. P. Morgan -Jesus is both human and divine, baby with adult proportions and features -emphasis on line and pattern...pleats on her arm, linear pattern
question
Pisa
answer
1063-1174 Pisa, Italy -Leaning Tower=a bell tower (ITALIAN) -rounded arches -fairly plain -few windows -baptistry (as move up, more decorative) -cruciform with a dome at the crossing (ITALIAN)
question
St. Entienne, Caen
answer
1067 Caen, France -Norman style -towers are more decorative, still plain -divided into 3 (frames are buttresses) -lots of 3! -ribs help to distribute weight
question
Durham
answer
1093 Durham, England -Norman style -later...fancier -ribs are visible -rose window -designs on columns -alternate support system
question
Bayeaux Tapestry
answer
1070-1080 France -not actually a tapestry...embroidered -largest surviving secular work of art -tells Battle of Hastings: William the conqueror conquers England, brother (bishop) commissions -contemporary event...tells why won the battle -propaganda, shows moral justification for victory -made by nuns
question
Gothic
answer
1140-1500 Originally dero, a style of architecture developed in northern France that spread throughout Europe between the 12th and 16th centuries; characterized by height, pointed arches, flying buttresses, and light
question
St. Denis
answer
1140-1144 Saint-Denis, France -church of patron saint of France -pilgrimage place, where kings are buried ...rebuild, Suger wants to reflect grandeur, surround by beauty to become closer to God -pointed arches and ribs>>more windows!
question
Chartres
answer
1145-1155 Chartres, France -best example or early Gothic architecture -two different towers -3 portals, rose window, lancets -pointed arches, ribs, and maze on the floor (journey of a pilgrim) -windows use primary colors, Mary=blue, Jesus=red -remove stained glass -south transept is 60-70 yrs later, more realistic...almost contrapposto
question
Chartres, jambs
answer
1145-1155 Chartres, France -look very Romanesque -depicts Old Testament Queens and Kings -very straight and cylindrical -figures are more 3D -not naturalistic yet
question
Laon
answer
1190 Laon, France -early, undecorated around windows -rose window, 2 tall towers (FRENCH)
question
Laon, interior
answer
1190 Laon, France -4 division>>added a triphorium, fills the space because it's taller (later find ways to fill the space...doesn't last long...make other parts larger)
question
Notre Dame, Paris
answer
1163-1225 Notre-Dame -flying buttresses (support only at need, thinner walls, more windows
question
Amiens
answer
1220 France -towers different sizes -later, more decoration, sculpture expanding past the portals -one of tallest! -lots of sculpture in the portals
question
Ameins, Beau Dieu
answer
1220-1225 France -more realistic physical form -almost separate from architectural setting -beautiful God (v. Romanesque judge...now blessing) >trying to draw people into the church -standing on a lion and a dragon (Christianity overcomes secular and evil)
question
Reims, jamb statues
answer
1220-1255 France -more detached -2 pairs by two different artists -anunciation
question
St. Chapelle
answer
1243-1248 Paris, France -basically no walls...3/4 are windows
question
Virgin of Paris
answer
early 14th century Paris, France -kind of contrapposto...Gothic "S" curve -Jesus=more baby like...proportions are better -more emotional
question
Salisbury
answer
1320-1330 England -lower height -longer -fewer flying buttresses -no rose window -2 transepts
question
Gloucester
answer
1332-1357 England -fanned vaulting
question
radiating chapels
answer
In medieval churches, chapels for the display of relics that opened directly onto the ambulatory and the transept; "radiate" out of the apse
question
Church of St Lazare, Autun
answer
1120-1135 -France -by Gislebertus (only portions, but designer) -Jesus is central and LARGE -last judgement -heaven=left, damned=far right in "hell mouth" -written inscription..."may this frighten those..." -seams camouflaged -extenuation of figures and emphasis on pattern (=Romanesque)
question
campanile
answer
freestanding bell tower, common in Italy
question
Madonna
answer
representation of the Virgin, usually with the infant Jesus
question
lux nova
answer
("new light") the colored light that pours in through stained glass windows
question
rose window
answer
a circular stained-glass window
question
lancet window
answer
a tall, narrow window crowned by a sharply pointed arch
question
tracery
answer
ornamental stonework for holding stained glass in place
Get an explanation on any task
Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
New