Anthro. Films – Flashcards

Ongka (headman, "big man," most powerful leader, he can't order people around, he can only persuade), Riemer (rival headman), Peroa (headman guest; parliament member), Rumbicole (Ongka's favorite wife) Kawela, New Guinea small tribe of 1,000 people, with some allies, some enemies, basic food: sweet potatoes, only eat pig on special occasion, pigs index success, 5 years struggling to assemble a huge gift to present to a native tribe, more important to him than anything in his life, Reason for the gift: only by giving can he attain famous status for their tribe, to overdue the people and overwhelm them publicly by the size of the gift he's giving, Peroa-leader of the tribe to receive the gift, "if you don't have pigs you're rubbish, you're nobody", 10,000 Australian dollars bundles of 200 for a particular group, can lose the investment, not the glory riemer whispered through the group that his group was the one who had killed the dead man during the money ceremony, the day of the proposed moka war charge from the group of the men that had married into the tribe came down in a war charge to get Reimer, Ongka sat down in the road to try and stop them, finish the big moka together to persuade them to stop, some listened some went for reimer, next day reimer went into hiding, they killed 4 pigs, no moka, big moka had been planned for a year ago, Forms of Exchanges that contrast Market Exchange: Giving gifts, "moka," that they later repay with interest, Ceremony- allusions, complex metaphors, speech making is Ongka's great skill 1800 highly conscious, walked his pig 12 miles home, pigs brought as a surprise, ongka's rival doesn't have his skill, but he always says he will be the one to fix the day for the moka, Held tribe together, big social event, way to make piece, gain status

(An ingenious reason to colonialism) (tribal islands, Melanesia) (cultural appropriation for localization) (1967) It is played with dances and chants that happen during the game - The teams would be bigger or smaller depending on how many people showed up - The games were used as a replacement for war. They presented gifts and other foods to the other team to start the "war" or game. - The original game called for the batter to run after hitting the ball, the tribes have their own runner to run for them. They use the spells that they used for war on the players and ball and bat, this is to insure that the game would go their way. Before the game they do a chant that mocks the other team. There are two chants. One for entering and the other an exit dance. The dances that the tribe uses for other times or festival, are incorporated into the chants that they use for their game. Their chants can represent a lot of things. Such teams show themselves as soldiers and other s as planes, they even represent themselves as predatory birds. At the day of the game, the players paint themselves so that they may change their personality for the game. In a sense, they are changing themselves into warriors. During the game, the umpire may say spells so that he can help his team win and the other lose. The game is played during the harvest season. The host team needs to proved more food for the visiting team. This pays for that matches. The host team is always going to win. This shows respect for the teams. However the visiting team cannot lose by too big a margin, this is as sign of disrespect if done.

Community of Kabukan. No coherent storyline. A postmodernist approach, 3 ethnic groups have conflicting perspectives how life must go on in this part of the Philippines.

(Ifugao people in the 1980s) (Luzano island: cordillera mountains) (Focus: the annual cycle of agriculture and religious practices) One of the six major ethnocentric groups. Believe deities roam earth - many based on elements. There are evil spirits that haunt people. How the rice terraces were created >> Before the ifugao had much more trouble than they do now. They had to move tons of soil over time. Then the had to find bolders and reduce them to stones and then build a terrace 5 meters high. The soild is kept nutritive from the fish ponds that they build in the middle if terraces. The terraces need to be folded or the will dry out and crumble. They are descrbed as the greates agricultural wonder. Bigger than the great wall of china. Many of the rituals have to do with the agricultural. They want firtal soil and plenty of water to fill the terraces. Also to keep the pest away. In the summer the men go to make money for their family. Back then the mne went to war during the summer, to avenge a family member or to restore honor. Now they go to find jobs. If the men cant earn enough the women need to find jobs as well. They find the ones that they can take home to take care of the kids. A bulo protect the grainery that the ifugal make. It is a god statue that is used in ritual sacrifice. They continue to carve and weeve but some do it to sell for money rather than for cultural practices. Summer is also the time in which the family gets together to celebrate their clan. They celebrate the terraces that the ancestors made. One of the rituals at the celebration is to be able to name all of the ancestors that had owned the land. For marrage, a ritual has to be performed so that the can marry, live together and to keep a happy life. Now some of the ifugao don't do this since it is costly. The ifugao belive that wealth is measured in how much land or graineries one has.

Tropio Quilicot's life is described with following phrases: good with numbers, ma-ulaw man ko (shy), walay gugma

Ned and minay's family name "pasco" is not Ned's legitimate family name

Virgie's kinship situation >> little hope of getting out of local community except by marriage

"Big Bills" is Didng's barangay represented a record of economical failure that left people hopeless

Goods are priced according to a general standard of value applicable to all, Buyers and sellers are highly specialized and anonymous, Value can be extracted as profit and stored as capital

Pigs are valued differently according to each contributor, Headmen have many roles and are individually recognized, Moka value cannot be stored; it is realized only via the act of exchange