anthro ch 8 – Flashcards

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Among the eight UN Millennial Goals, one that highlights gender issues specifically is to
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promote gender equality and empower women
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the expectation of thought and behavior that each culture assigns to people of different sexes
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gender
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The discussion of machismo in Latin America in the text indicates that
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conceptions of machismo and masculinity are variable and shifting
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The restudy of women's role in the Trobriand Island exchanges indicated that
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women exchanged banana fiber skirts during funerary activities
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The learned behaviors perceived as masculine or feminine are called
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cultural constructions
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________ is the term anthropologists use to refer to physical differences in primary and secondary sexual characteristics
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sexual dimorphism
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In the gender-based violence against nonheterosexuals, ________ are especially vulnerable
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transgenders
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During the El Salvador civil war (1977-1992), the group Co-Madres emerged as a political force that initially formed as a group of
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mothers and relatives who demands information about the missing
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More than 80 percent of victims of domestic violence in the United States
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are female
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The phrases "boys will be boys" and "it's a girls' thing" reflect gender
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stereotypes
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Matthew Gutmann's research in Mexico indicates that
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masculine identity is in flux and negotiable
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For anthropologists, ________ refers to the observable physical differences between male and female human beings, especially the biological differences related to human reproduction
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sex
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Which of the following is a way that sports such as T-ball reinforce gender ideals in US children
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Boys typically receive more playing time than girls
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Early feminist anthropological studies focused on identifying
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the underlying roots of universal male dominance
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Improved conditions across the globe indicate that the Millennial goal of achieving gender equality
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is in fact far from complete, even though conditions have improved somewhat
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Medical data indicate that ________ of individuals are born without the biological traits that make them easily classified biologically as male or female
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less than 2 percent
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According to the text, increased participation in the global economy means that many women who migrate from the global South find work as ________ in industrialized nations
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nannies
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The behaviors encouraged in sports-where boys are rewarded for competitiveness and girls are encouraged to play quietly-reflect
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social adult gender roles
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Which of the following does not factor into biological differences between men and women
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hair length
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An uneven distribution of power and access to resources, opportunities, rights, and privileges in which gender shapes who has access to a group's resources, opportunities, rights, and privileges is known as gender
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stratificaiton
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Gender violence is widely expressed in all of the following ways, EXCEPT
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male infanticide
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On average, human men weigh ________ more than women
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15 percent
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Gender-based violence commonly occurs
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all of the above home, wartime, college
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The pattern of behavior including gambling, drinking, infidelity, and drug use that Matthew Gutmann studied in Mexico is associated with
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machismo
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Anne Fausto-Sterling's analysis of biological sexual identity identifies
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four sexes including hijras
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The United States requires that individuals identify legally as
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either male or female
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Ida Susser's initial research focused on
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the student movement at Kent State University (Ohio)
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Cross-cultural studies indicate that biology predicts
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the roles men and women play in a given culture
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Emily Martin's analysis of the "fairy tale" of the egg and the sperm as presented in U. S. textbooks does NOT indicate that
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"female" eggs aggressively pursue more "passive" male sperm until conception occurs
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By studying the "fag discourse" in US schools, anthropologists have learned that
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girls can increase their status by performing masculine behavior
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