Ancient China
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What were dragon gods thought to control?
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Rain
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When do dragon ceremonies date back to?
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500BC
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How did ancient China view dragons?
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They viewed dragons as friendly beasts that brought good luck.
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What did the ancient Chinese compare images of dragons to?
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Rivers because the feet were streams, and the mouth was the delta.
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What is the North China plain built of?
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Soil deposits from the Huang river
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What is the climate like of North China?
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Had intense rainy seasons and the rest of the year it was dry.
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What is the climate of South China like?
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Warm and wet
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Where did civilization begin?
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Around the Huang river and spread to Chang River.
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What separated China from other lands?
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A barrier
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Where did the Ancient Chinese think they lived?
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In the center of the world, called the middle kingdom.
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How did the climate of South China effect civilization?
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It brought rich topsoil, and farming villages developed along the river, and the river overflowed every year.
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What is the second largest river in China?
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The yellow river
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What is Loess?
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Yellow brown soil
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what has the Yellow river done for North China?
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It has covered North China with a thick layer of fertile soil.
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What did the Chinese people call the Huang River and Why?
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chinese people called the Huang River \"China's sorrow\", because destructive floods could come without warning.
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What is a dike?
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A protective wall that holds back waters, and acts as a form of flood control.
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What was the first civilization in China?
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The Shang dynasty
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Which people build the first cities in China?
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The Shang people
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when did the Shang dynasty come into power?
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In 1760 BC
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What did the Shang people produce?
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The first Chinese writing system that could be used in different languages
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Where did the Zhou people live?
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Bordered Shang territory, west of the Shang dynasty 600 years later.
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Did the Zhou and Shang people live peacefully?
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They lived peacefully side by side, and sometimes fought side by side.
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When did the Zhou dynasty conquer Shang?
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1122 BC
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How long did the Zhou dynasty rule over ancient China?
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almost 1000 years.
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What was the Zhou dynasty divided into?
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Two parts... the earlier western zhou dynasty, and the eastern zhou dynasty.
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What ultimately happened to end the Zhou dynasty?
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Warring dynasty began, and small kingdoms fought for control of one another until a new dynasty began.
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What was the name of the new dynasty after the Zhou dynasty?
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The Qin dynasty.
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What is a mandate?
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A law or order
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How did rulers come to power?
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Because it was their fate or destiny.
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What is an extended family?
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closely related people
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Where did rich families live?
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Big homes
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Where did poor families live?
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cottages
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What did your status in your family depend on?
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Your age and sex
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Who was usually the center of authority in a family?
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The oldest man.,
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What did the center of authority in a family mean?
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This means the person has the most privileges and power., and will decide who his children and grandchildren will marry.
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What were the three obedience's that a women must follow?
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Must obey fathers in youth, must obey husbands in marriage, and obey their sons in widowhood.
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What were the four virtues?
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morality, modesty, proper speed, and domestic skills.
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How do we know the family name was more important than the individual name?
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In China, the family name would come first before the individual name.
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What is a dynasty?
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A chain of rulers from the same family.
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Who was China's first emperor?
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Shi Huangdi
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Why did Shi Huangdi bury his soldiers near his tomb?
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He planned to rule a second empire, and they kept watch over the emperor.
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How long did Shi Huangdi's dynasty last?
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two generations
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What was the original name of Si Huangdi?
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Zhan Zheng
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When did Shi Huangdi rule?
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In 221 BC he ruled over most of Modern day China.
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How did Shi Huangdi want to strengthen China?
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Through strong and harsh rule
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Who did the emperor of the Qin Dynasty want to protect China from?
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Attackers in the North.
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What is the largest construction project in China known as?
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The Great Wall Of ChIna
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How long did it take Shi Huangdi to complete the wall?
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10 years
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Who continued to build and repair the wall by adding new sections to it after Shi Huangdi died?
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The other emperors
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How long is the Great wall ?
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4500 miles in length
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Who built roads?
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Thousands of farmers
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What did the new roads allow soldiers to do?
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To control those who opposed the emperor in each of the assigned districts.
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Why is currency used?
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To make it easier to trade goods with one region of China and another.
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What did Shi Huangdi not allow his people to study or believe in?
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Philosophies of Confucius
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What system of beliefs did Qin believe in?
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Legalism
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What four ideas describe behavior and beliefs of Qin dynasty?
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believed in legalism, very strict, focused on work, punished people for bad behavior and rewarded for good, and burned certain books.
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Why did Shi Huangdi's dynasty only last 15 years?
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His grandson couldn't hold the country together, and rebellions broke out.
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what is a warlord?
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A local leader of armed groups
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What is the name of the famous warlord?
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Cao Pei
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How long did the Wei Dynasty last?
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Lasted for 50 years.
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Why did the Wei Dynasty end?
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It ended because the emperors were weak.
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What happened when the Wei Dynasty ended?
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China broke up into smaller kingdoms.
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Who was Confucius?
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A Chinese teacher and philosopher
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What did Confucius's stories contain?
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Important lessons.
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What did the Chinese call Confucius?
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Kong Fu Zi or \"master kong\"
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Where was Confuscius born?
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In the North China Plains in 551 BC
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What was Confruscius's family like?
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They were noble but poor
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What did Confucius want to be when he grew up?
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A government officer but tried teaching instead.
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What was Silk Road?
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an ancient trade route between China and Europe
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What came without warning along the Silk Road?
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Sandstorms
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What was the major trade route to the Mediterranean Sea?
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The Silk Road
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What was traded ?
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Chinese goods and ideas were passed along to the West.
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How many miles did the connecting roads of the Silk Road cover?
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More than 4,000 miles.
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Where did the silk road route travel through?
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Mountains and deserts
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What was at the end of the road?
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Antioch where traders could ship goods from there across the Mediterranean sea
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Where did most people trade?
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Along the Silk Road route as only a few traveled the entire length of it.
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What happened to the price of the goods each time they were traded along the route?
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The price went up making some things very expensive.
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Where did the trade route get its name from?
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From silk which is a valuable cloth made in China
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How was silk made?
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Han farmers raised silkworms, and found ways to weave and dye it.
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What happened to the methods of making silk?
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They were closely guarded for fear of death.
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Did Romans love silk?
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Yes, and paid big money for it.
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What else was traded along the Silk Road?
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Ideas that missionaries from India brought with them such as Buddhism.
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What was a major religion by the end of the Han dynasty?
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Buddhism
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What did the Hans record?
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The early history of ancient China.
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How did rulers encourage respect for learning and traditions?
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By encouraging the teachings of Confucius
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Who was required to be educated in ways of Confuscius?
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The civil service
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What flourished in Ancient China?
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Art and scholarship flourished with the creation of poetry and the first dictionary.
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Who was Sima Qian?
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A scholar that spent his life writing the history of China from mythical times to reign of Wudi.
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What was Sima Qian's work called?
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Historical Records
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What allowed China to improve their society?
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A stable government
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What advances in technology did the Han offer?
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farm tools and other technologies. Many of their inventions didn't make their way to Europe until many years later.
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What other technology did the Han invent?
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The invention of paper.
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How did the Han write before the invention of paper?
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With wooded scrolls and bones, then used silk.
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when was paper invented?
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In 105 AD
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What was paper made from?
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tree bark, hemp and old rags
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How was paper made?
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It was soaked in water, pulped and then dried flat.
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what did paper replace?
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Egypt's papyrus
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When did the Han Dynasty end?
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ARound 200 AD
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What do Chinese people still refer to themselves as?
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Children of the Han
