question

The constitutions created by the various states during the Revolution had all of the following in common

answer

- they mandated strict separation of church and state - they provided for governmental separation of powers - they were attempts to fashion a government that offered some form of representation - they included limitations on who could vote or hold officeDID NOT HAVE A BILL OF RIGHTS

question

The Articles of Confederation allowed the Congress to do all of the following

answer

- Declare war and negotiate peace - Issue currency - Negotiate International treaties - deal with Indian affairsCOULD NOT LEVY TAXES

question

The 1787 Northwest Ordinance prohibited _______ in the Northwest Territories

answer

- slavery

question

The Constitution granted all of the following powers to the executive branch

answer

- to veto acts of Congress - to make treaties, provided that two-thirds of the Senate ratified them - to execute the laws passed by the legislative branch - to act as commander-in-chief of the army and navyCOULD NOT VETO DECISIONS OF THE JUDICIAL BRANCH

question

Author of the first draft of the Articles of Confederation

answer

John Dickinson

question

The "Great Compromise" at the constitutional convention broke the deadlock over

answer

the relationship between states' population and representation in Congress

question

Shay's Rebellion took place in

answer

Massachusetts

question

A "federal" political system means that

answer

powers are shared between the national and state governments

question

The Articles of Confederation created a national government composed of

answer

a legislative branch

question

The 1789 Annapolis Convention was historically significant because

answer

it issued a call that led to convening of the Constitutional convention

question

By serving as president of the constitutional convention, _______ was able to lend legitimacy to that body's proceedings

answer

George Washington

question

The "Three-Fifths" clause of the Constitution stipulated that

answer

slaves counted as three-fifths of a white person for the purposes of legislative apportionment

question

One of the principal Anti-Federalist criticisms of the proposed Consitution was its

answer

lack of Bill of Rights

question

The Constitution's provision for the Electoral College represented political elites' fears of

answer

too much democracy

question

Under the Constitution, which branch (or branches) of the national government has the power of taxation?

answer

the legislative branch

question

During the debates over the ratification of the Constitution, supporters of the new plan of government called themselves

answer

Federalists

question

Authors of the Federalist Papers

answer

- James Madison - Alexander Hamilton - John JayNOT GOUVERNEUR MORRIS

question

The ninth state to ratify the Constitution, thus putting it into effect as the new government for the US was

answer

- New Hampshire

question

The "Virginia Plan" proposed in the Constitutional Convention proposed a new national government in which

answer

representation was proportional to a states' population

question

Probably the most significant shortcoming of the government under the Articles of Confederation was its inability to

answer

- handle the financial affairs to the new nation

question

The new constitutions created by the various states during the Revolution had all of the following in common

answer

- They included written Bills of Rights - They provided for governmental separation of powers - They were attempts to fashion a government that offered some form of representation - they included limitations on who could vote and hold officeDID NOT MANDATED STRICT SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE

question

The Naturalization Act of 1790 limited those eligible for US citizenship to

answer

adult white males

question

The congressional deadlock over Hamilton's economic program was ultimately broken by a compromise over

answer

the permanent location for the national capital

question

The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions were a strong protest against

answer

the Alien and Sedition Acts

question

The outcome of the Whiskey Rebellion was significant in that it led to

answer

the strengthening of the Democratic-Republicans and their ideals in the West

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Alexander Hamilton's economic plan was based upon the ideas of

answer

loos constructionism and implied powers

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Washington's choice to head the State Department was

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Thomas Jefferson

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The first federal Congress ensured that the government would receive revenue by its passage of legislation providing for

answer

a tariff on imports

question

The emergent political party known as the Federalists tended to support measures that

answer

created a stronger, more activist federal government

question

The slave-led revolution that created the republic of Haiti affected the American South in all of the following ways

answer

- Southern lawmakers tightened the "black coded" that governed slave behavior and punishments - slaveowners became even more convinced that slavery was meant to remain in the South - Southern slaves who heard about the revolution became more militant themselves, and several attempted slave revolts ensued - Democratic-Republicans were outraged at the Washington administration's support for the black revolutionariesDID NOT created strict federal quarantine, or prohibit immigrants from the Caribbean

question

The Adams administration was dominated by a foreign policy crisis that brought the U.S. to the brink of war with

answer

France

question

Alexander Hamilton's plan for the country's finances included all of the following

answer

- the creation of a national bank - raising revenue from a variety of sources, including bonds and excise taxes - creating a consolidated and funded national debt - the federal government's consolidation and assumption of states' debtsDID NOT BALANCE THE FEDERAL BUDGET

question

The doctrine of Nullification posited that

answer

an individual state had the right to nullify federal laws within its own borders

question

The only treaty between the US and a foreign power during the 1790s that was seen as a success, and thus did not spark the usual political controversy, was

answer

The Pinckney Treaty

question

Which of the following best describes Americans reactions to the progress of the French Revolution in the early 1790s?

answer

Mixed, with Federalists concerned about the implications of the Revolution and Democratic-Republicans generally supportive of the movement

question

Which of the following groups would have been least likely to support the Federalists during the 1790s?

answer

Southern farmers

question

The Indian Trade and Intercourse Acts were intended to accomplish the

answer

regulation of trade and land sales to or from Indians, essentially to create a separate "Indian country"

question

The Democratic-Replublicans drew their leadership primarily from the political elites of which state?

answer

Virginia

question

________ were the candidates for the presidency in 1796, the first actual contested presidential election for the United States

answer

Thomas Jefferson and John Adams

question

Tecumseh and the Prophet were members of which Indian nation?

answer

Shawnee

question

After the election of 1800, the Federalists still retained power in in which branch(es) of the federal government?

answer

Judicial

question

Which of the following, according to Thomas Jefferson's ideology, was essential to preserving the moral basis of good citizenship in the American republic?

answer

Territorial expansion and settlement of new lands by small farmers

question

The 1803 Supreme Court decision that established the principle of judicial review was in the case of:

answer

Marbury v. Madison

question

All of the following were significant outcomes of the War of 1812

answer

- James Madison's reversal of his earlier political beliefs and his advocacy of activist governmental policies in the war's aftermath - the British were finally removed from interior regions, opening the way for American expansion into the West -greater measure of respect for the U.S among members of the international community - a renewed surge of nationalism and patriotism that had significant cultural implicationsNOT THE CESSATION OF HOSTILITIES B/W WHITE AMERICAN SETTLERS AND NATIVES IN AL AND MI

question

The Hartford Convention was

answer

a gathering of disgruntled New England Federalists that issued protests against the war and southern influence in the federal government

question

The United Sates purchased the Louisiana Territory from which European power?

answer

France

question

The commanding officer of the American forces at the Battle of New Orleans was:

answer

Andrew Jackson

question

Which of the following best describes "Jeffersonian Democracy"?

answer

A style of politics that valued popular opinion and grassroots organization

question

Jefferson's plan to coerce Great Britain into stopping its interference with American ships and sailors revolved primarily around:

answer

an embargo on foreign trade

question

All of the following influenced James Madison's decision to ask Congress for a declaration of war in 1812

answer

- political pressure exerted by the pro-war faction of his own party - the refusal of the British government to recognize America's neutrality in the Napoleonic wars - his belief that the British were responsible for Indian violence in the WestNOT SLAVEHOLDING REPUBLICANS' DESIRE TO ANNEX BRITISH COLONIES IN THE CARIBBEAN

question

Thomas Jefferson, on assuming the presidency in 1801, implemented policies that

answer

cut the size of the army and navy and eliminated many existing taxes

question

Which of the following best describes Democratic-Republican land policy during the Jefferson administration?

answer

Supportive; it lowered the minimum amount required for purchase to facilitate small farmers' ability to acquire western lands

question

_____ developed the first dictionary of the English language that codified the American idiom, emphasizing the differences between American English and English as spoken by the British

answer

Noah Webster

question

The Senate's refusal to convict the Federalist Supreme Court justice Samuel Chase after he was impeached signaled that

answer

political partisanship, even by judges, could no longer be viewed as criminal

question

During the early 1800s, the United States found itself facing foreign policy difficulties stemming from warfare in Europe primarily between which two countries

answer

Great Britain and France

question

Nationalists like Henry Clay promoted an economic plan known as the "American system", which included all of the following

answer

-Developing national economic institutions (i.e. a bank) - An active role in the nation's economy for the federal government - Protective tariffs to promote growth in domestic in domestic manufacturing - Federal support for internal improvements

question

The reform movement that attracted the most support in terms of both numbers and publicity was the

answer

temperance movement

question

The Monroe Doctrine declared that

answer

the United States would not allow future colonization in Latin America by European nations

question

The Supreme Court case that established the supremacy of a corporation's contract rights over those of an individual state was

answer

Dartmouth v. Woodward

question

Before the Market Revolution, the cheapest and easiest method of moving people and goods over long distances was via

answer

water

question

The Erie Canal linked the eastern and western portions of which state?

answer

New York

question

The American Colonization Society advocated

answer

colonizing fred slaves (and free blacks) in Africa

question

The largest and most well-known construction project during the turnpike era in the U.S. was the

answer

Cumberland Road

question

One of the principal reasons for the influx of Irish immigrants into the US during the 1840s was

answer

a significant famine in Ireland that lasted for years

question

Railroads proved a superior form of transportation to canals for all of the following reasons

answer

- They were faster than canal boats - They were not dependent on waterways for their terminus - They did not freeze over during the winterNOT CHEAPER

question

The text of the first successful telegraph message sent by Samuel F. B. Morse read

answer

" What hath God wrought?"

question

The cotton gin charged Southern agriculture by

answer

allowing for the profitable cultivation of cotton in various types of soil and terrain, paving the way for cotton's expansion

question

The two religious denominations that became the largest in the U.S. as a result of the Second Great Awakening were the

answer

Baptists and Methodists

question

All of the following were provisions of the Missouri Compromise legislation passed by Congress in 1820

answer

- Missouri would enter the Union with slavery, as it presently existed in the state, intact - the balance of free and slave states in Congress would be maintained - Maine would enter the Union as a free state - Slavery would be prohibited north of 36'30' north latitudeNOTHING TO DO WITH SLAVES BEING FREED AFTER A CERTAIN AGE

question

Which of the following was not a change associated with the Market Revolution?

answer

The weakening of slavery as a system of labor and social control

question

The central theological idea that infused the Second Great Awakening was

answer

that one could be saved by acceptance of one's sinful nature and their willingness to "perfect" themselves and their communities

question

The founder of the Church of Jesus Christ and Latter-Day Saints (the Mormons) was

answer

Joseph Smith

question

_________ was the editor of The Liberator; his unyielding moral condemnation of slavery and advocacy of immediate emancipation transformed the abolitionist movement

answer

William Lloyd Garrison

question

In 1848, the town of Seneca Falls, New York, hosted a convention centered around which reform movement?

answer

Women's Rights

question

Which of the following was a principal economic accomplishment of the Second Bank of the United States?

answer

The regulation and centralization of paper currency

question

All of the following factors led to the rise of a new kind of politics in the 1820s and 1830s

answer

-The development of political parties and mass political styles - the polarization of public opinion following the presidential of 1824 - the boom-and-bust cycle of the economy convinced many Americans that the federal government ought to be more responsive to their needs - the expansion of the franchise to larger and larger numbers of male votersNOT THE REVISION OF STATE CONSTITUTIONS

question

The Second Party System is the label for this period's political competition between which two parties?

answer

Jacksonians and Whigs

question

Which of the following best describes the Jacksonians' strategy in the campaign for the presidential election of 1826?

answer

Mass rallies, hoopia, and scandalous personal attacks on their opponents

question

In the presidential election of 1824, all of the candidates claimed they were members of which political party?

answer

Democratic-Republican

question

In the post-Revolutionary era of the American republic, the right of suffrage was exercised almost exclusively by

answer

property owning white males over 21 years of age

question

The group whose economic situation was hurt most by the Panic of 1819 was

answer

southern and wester farmers

question

Prominent members of the Whig party included all of the following

answer

- William Henry Harrison - John Quincy Adams - Daniel Webster - Henry ClayNOT MARTIN VAN BUREN

question

The concept of "Nullification" refer

answer

the power of a state to reject any federal law it deemed unconstitutional

question

The phrase "corrupt bargain" is associated with which development of this era?

answer

The accusation that Henry Clay provided decisive support to J.Q. Adams for the presidency in exchange for appointment as Secretary of State

question

After he was reelected in 1832, Jackson decided to crush the Bank of the Unites States, even though it still had four years remaining on its charter, by

answer

withdrawing all federal monies from the nack and the-depositing them in selected state banks

question

Which of the following was the name given to Jackson's principle of "rotation in office" - the filling of government jobs with loyal supporters?

answer

The "spoils system"

question

The anonymous author of South Carolina's Exposition and Protest against the protective tariff was

answer

John Calhoun

question

The director of the Bank of the United States, and Jackson's nemesis during the Bank War, was

answer

Nicholas Biddle

question

Which of the following best descries Andrew Jackson's policies toward Native American peoples?

answer

Forced relocation from their ancestral lands to government created reservation

question

The principal event that led, more than any other issue, to the emergence of the Whig opposition was

answer

the veto of the Bank's recharter

question

Which of the following best describes Andrew Jackson's response to South Carolina during the Nullification Crisis?

answer

Opposition; he declared the Union was perpetual and federal authority paramount

question

Which of the following groups tended to be most attracted to the Democrats during the 1830s and 1840s?

answer

Farmer and workers

question

All of the following were factors that contributed to the Panic of 1819

answer

- a rapid decline in the assessed values of land - a drop in the demand for, and price of, cotton in international markets - over speculation in western lands - easy credit terms, leading to financial overextensionNOT SMALL AMOUNT OF CURRENCY IN CIRCULATION

question

Andrew Jackson was from which state?

answer

Tennessee

question

The Tariff of 1828 was commonly referred to as the

answer

"tariff of abominations"

question

Who were the '48ers?

answer

German immigrants and dissidents fleeing a failed revolution

question

More than half of the 500,000 free people of color in the U.S in 1860 lived in

answer

northern cities

question

The largest US city was

answer

New York

question

The best selling book of the antebellum period was

answer

Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin

question

Which of the following phrases is most closely associated with white southerners' defense of slavery after the 1830s?

answer

"Positive good"

question

Most white southerners were

answer

yeomen farmers

question

The term that describes a racial and ethnic identity that differentiated immigrant groups and proclaimed the superiority of native-born Americans was

answer

nativism

question

A large majority of slaves in the South worked in which type of labor?

answer

Agricultural

question

The first separate African American religious denomination, founded in the 1790s, was the

answer

African Methodist Episcopal Church

question

The vast majority of those white southerners who were slaveholders claimed ownership of how many slaves?

answer

5 or fewer

question

Southern whites responded to _________'s 1831 slave rebellion in Southampton County, Virginia, with a significantly more militant defense of slavery

answer

Nat Turner

question

Which of the following terms described a black slave responsible for supervising other slaves in the fields?

answer

Slavedriver

question

Which of the following was most important in the formation of slave culture in the South?

answer

Both religion and family

question

Which of the following was the least common manifestation of slave resistance in the Old South?

answer

Large-scale revolt

question

After escaping slavery in Maryland, _____ became a prominent abolitionist and the most well-known African American in the US

answer

Frederick Douglass

question

_______ was a populat form of entertainment in the North, especially rural areas, that involved lectures by members of such groups as the Transcendentalists, socialists, feminists, and other reformers

answer

The Lyceum

question

Immigrants into the North before the Civil War included significant numbers from all of the following except

answer

Russians

question

Which proportion of southern whites claimed ownership of slaves?

answer

less than one-quarter

question

All fo the following were leisure activities frequently engaged in by Americans in the nineteenth century

answer

- going to the theatre - attending public sporting events -reading novels and poetry - attending minstrel shows

question

Which of the following best describes the image southern planters preferred to hold of themselves?

answer

Paternalistic aristocrats holding sway over their personal "kingdoms"

question

Which of the following reflected the resurgent nationalism and civic pride felt by most Americans in the War of 1812

answer

- The prominence of patriotic themes in the works of atrists like Jonathan Trumbull - The appearance of surfeit of patriotic songs in popular culture - The poems and ditties of the "Hartford Wits" - The rise of a new architectural method that revived Roman classical traditions

question

In 1803-1804, a group of dissatisfied Federalists reacted to the political developments of Jefferson's presidency by

answer

plotting New York and New England's secession from the Union

question

Which of the following best describes the US military performance during the War of 1812?

answer

Mostly unsuccessful, beset by problems with finances, organization and repeated battlefield defeats

question

The Treaty of Ghent ended hostilities in the War of 1812 and

answer

failed to resolve any of the issues over which the war had begun

question

In the presidential election o 1800, there was a tie in the Electoral College vote between

answer

Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr

American History pt. 1 – Flashcards

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