American History eoc practice test – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
abolition
answer
a moment to end slavery
question
poll tax
answer
a annual tax that had to be paid before qualifying to vote
question
Segregation
answer
The separation of people on the basis of race.
question
Jim crow laws
answer
Laws designed to enforce segregation of blacks from whites
question
Plessy V. Ferguson
answer
"separate but equal"
question
Oregon trail
answer
2000 mile long path along which thousands of Americans journeyed to the Willamette Valley in the 1840's.
question
Texas revolution
answer
1836 rebellion in which Texas gained its independence from Mexico
question
market revolution
answer
the major change in the us economy produced by the peoples beginning to buy and to sell goods rather than make them for themselves
question
free Enterprise
answer
Economic system in which individuals and businesses are allowed to compete for profit with a minimum of government interference
question
strike
answer
Nonviolent refusal to continue to work until a problem is resolved.
question
Immigration
answer
Coming to and settling in a country of which one is not native.
question
National Trades Union
answer
The first national association of Trade Unions, formed in 1834
question
Bessemer process
answer
a cheap and efficient process for making steel
question
prohibition
answer
the banning of the manufacture sale, and possession of alcohol beverages
question
square deal
answer
president Theodore Roosevelt's program of progressive reforms designed to protect the common people against big businesses
question
Gentlemens Agreement
answer
Agreement by the government of Japan to limit Japanese emigration to the United States
question
melting pot
answer
the mixing of cultures, ideas, and peoples that has changed the American nation. The United States, with its history of immigration, has often been called a melting pot.
question
Nativism
answer
favoring the interest of native-born people over foreign -born people
question
angels island
answer
located in San Fransico: former U.S. immigrant examination station, was the entry point for immigrants from Asia and South America
question
Ellis island
answer
An immigrant receiving station that opened in 1892, where immigrants were given a medical examination and only allowed in if they were healthy
question
Horizontal Integration
answer
the merging of companies that make similar products
question
vertical integration
answer
a company's taking over its suppliers and distributors and transportation systems to gain total control over the quality and cost of its products
question
social Darwinism
answer
an economic and social philosophy holding that a system of unrestrained competition will ensure the survival of the fittest
question
interstate commerce
answer
a law extended in 1887 that established the federal governments right to supervise railroads activities and created a five-member instate commerce commission to do so
question
Battle of the bulge
answer
a month-long battle of world war ll, in which the allies succeeded in turning back the last major German offensive of the war
question
totalitarian
answer
A political system in which the government has total control over the lives of individual citizens.
question
league of nations
answer
an association of nations established in 1920 to promote international cooperation and peace
question
fourteen points
answer
A series of proposals in which U.S. president Woodrow Wilson outlined a plan for achieving a lasting peace after World War I.
question
pure food and drug act
answer
a law enacted in 1906 to halt the sale of contaminated foods and drugs and to ensure truth in labeling
question
muckrakers
answer
A jounalist who uncover abuses and curroptions in society.
question
seventeenth amendment
answer
1913 constitutional amendment allowing American voters to directly elect US senators
question
Inflation
answer
An increase in prices or decline in purchasing power caused by an increase in the supply of money.
question
referendum
answer
a legislative act is referred for final approval to a popular vote by the electorate
question
recall
answer
A procedure for submitting to popular vote the removal of officials from office before the end of their term.
question
suffrage
answer
A legal right guaranteed by the 15th amendment to the US constitution
question
bootleggers
answer
Smugglers of illegal alcohol during the Prohibition era
question
fundamentalism
answer
protestant religious movement grounded in the belief that all the stories and details in the Bible are literally true
question
scopes trail
answer
court case in which the biology teacher John T Scopes was tried for challenging a Tennessee law that outlawed the teaching of eveluston
question
Double Standard
answer
A set of principles granted greater sexual freedom to men then woman.
question
loyalist
answer
American colonists who remained loyal to Britain and opposed the war for independence.
question
patriots
answer
American colonists who were determined to fight the British until American independence was won
question
inflation
answer
A general and progressive increase in prices
question
Egalitarianism
answer
The belief that all people should have equal political, economic, social, and civil rights
question
federalism
answer
Political system in which a national government and constituent units, such as state government, share power
question
checks and balances
answer
A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power
question
Ratification
answer
The official approval of the Constitution, or of an amendment,by the state
question
Federalist
answer
A supporter of the constitution and of a strong national government
question
anti federalists
answer
people who opposed the Constitution
question
two party system
answer
A political system dominated by two major parties.
question
democratic republicans
answer
political party known for its support of strong state government, founded by Thomas Jefferson in 1792 in opposition to the federalist party
question
Missouri compromise
answer
Allowed Missouri to enter the union as a slave state, Maine to enter the union as a free state, prohibited slavery north of latitude 36˚ 30' within the Louisiana Territory (1820)
question
Axis Powers
answer
The group of nations-including Germany, Italy, and Japan -that opposed the allies in World War II
question
Income Tax
answer
A tax on earnings
question
fifteenth amendment
answer
1870 constitutional amendment that guaranteed voting rights regardless of race or previous condition of servitude
question
assimilation
answer
According to Piaget, the process by which new ideas and experiences are absorbed and incorporated into existing mental structures and behaviors
question
Political Machine
answer
An organization group that controls a political party in a city and offers services to voters and businesses in exchange for political and financial support.
question
Bimetallism
answer
The use of both gold and silver as a basis for a national monetary system
question
Great Depression
answer
Period lasting from 1229 to 1940,in which the U.S economy was in severe decline and millions were unemployed
question
transcontinental railroad
answer
Railroad connecting the west and east coasts of the continental US
question
urbanization
answer
Growth of cities
question
War Power Act
answer
law enacted 1973,limiting a presidents right to send troops into battle without consulting congress.
question
graft
answer
The illegal use of political influence for personal gain
question
patronage
answer
An officeholder's power to appoint people—usually those who have helped him or her to get elected—to positions in government. This was a big center of conflict during the time period.
