American History Chapter 12 Reconstruction – Flashcards
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Andrew Johnson
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A Southerner form Tennessee, as V.P. when Lincoln was killed, he became president. He opposed radical Republicans who passed Reconstruction Acts over his veto. The first U.S. president to be impeached, he survived the Senate removal by only one vote. He was a very weak president.
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Reconstruction
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the period after the Civil War in the United States when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the Union
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Radical Republicans
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These were a small group of people in 1865 who supported black suffrage. They were led by Senator Charles Sumner and Congressman Thaddeus Stevens. They supported the abolition of slavery and a demanding reconstruction policy during the war and after.
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Thaddeus Stevens
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Man behind the 14th Amendment, which ends slavery. Stevens and President Johnson were absolutely opposed to each other. Known as a Radical Republican
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Wade-Davis Bill
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proposed that congress, not the president, would responsible for Reconstruction, also declared that for a state govt to be formed, a majority-not just 10%-of those eligible to vote in 1860 would have to take a solemn oath to support the Constitution
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Freedmen's Bureau
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was directed to feeding and clothing war refugees in the south using surplus army supplies.
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Black Codes
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Southern laws designed to restrict the rights of the newly freed black slaves
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Fourteenth Amendment
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a constitutional amendment giving full rights of citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the United States, except for American Indians
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Impeach
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charge with a crime or misdemeanor
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Fifteenth Amendment
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The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
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Scalawag
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white Southerner supporting Reconstruction policies after the Civil War usually for self-interest
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Carpetbagger
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Northerner who traveled south to make money off of the Reconstruction
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Hiram Revels
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Black Mississippi senator elected to the seat that had been occupied by Jefferson Davis when the South seceded
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Sharecropping
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system of farming in which works land for an owner who provides equipment and seeds and receives a share of the crop
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Tenant Farming
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system of farming where farmers rented their land from the landowner, and were allowed to grow what ever crop the prefered.
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Ku Klux Klan
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founded in the 1860s in the south; meant to control newly freed slaves through threats and violence; other targets: Catholics, Jews, immigrants and others thought to be un-American
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Panic of 1873
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Economic panic caused by overexpansion and overspeculation, causing the nation's largest bank to collapse (and bringing with it many smaller banks, business firms and the stock market)
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Redemption
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what the democrats democrats called their return to powerin the south
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Rutherford B. Hayes
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19th president of the united states, was famous for being part of the Hayes-Tilden election in which electoral votes were contested in 4 states, most corrupt election in US history
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Samuel J. Tilden
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Samuel Jones Tilden (February 9, 1814 - August 4, 1886) was the Democratic candidate for the US presidency in the disputed election of 1876, the most controversial American election of the 19th century.
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Compromise of 1877
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Ended Reconstruction. Republicans promise 1) Remove military from South, 2) Appoint Democrat to cabinet (David Key postmaster general), 3) Federal money for railroad construction and levees on Mississippi river
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Home Rule
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ability to run state governments without the interference of the federal government
