American Government Chapter 10. Journalism based idea, newspaper role
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The news provides a refracted version of reality because it
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emphasizes dramatic and compelling news stories.
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In comparison with today's newspapers, early American newspapers
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could not have survived without political party support.
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The technological change that brought about the decline of the partisan press was the
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invention of the high-speed rotary press.
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The yellow journalism of the late nineteenth century was characterized by
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the emphasis on sensationalism as a way of selling newspapers.
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Objective journalism is based on the idea that the reporter's job is to
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report the facts and cover alternative sides of a partisan debate.
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The Communications Act
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mposed on broadcasters an "equal time" restriction that prevented preference for some political candidates over others.
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Which of the following is true of age differences in news consumption?
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Age differences in news consumption shrink for Internet-based news but do not disappear.
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The federal government's licensing of broadcasting is based primarily on
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the scarcity of broadcasting frequencies.
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Most successful Internet blogs
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have a liberal bias.
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The term "framing" is used to describe
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the process of selecting certain aspects of reality and making them the most salient part of the communication, thereby conveying a particular interpretation of a situation.
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What is the "Rose Garden strategy"?
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the presidential strategy of controlling communications by making nearly all pronouncements from the same location
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The FCC's equal time requirement
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prohibits broadcasters from selling or giving time to political candidates and denying it to their opponents.
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What development brought about a dramatic reduction in television's capacity to generate an interest in news?
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the rapid spread of cable
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One of the reasons the reporting of national news is relatively uniform among news sources is that
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a small number of news organizations and news services generate most of the news.
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At which of the following times did the American media step back from their watchdog role?
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after the September 11th terrorist attacks
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How has the Internet affected the watchdog capacity of the media?
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It has expanded the watchdog capacity of the media.
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In contrast with European news media, American news media are more likely to
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act primarily as neutral transmitters of information.
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The media perform the signaling role by
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informing the public of breaking events and new developments.
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In terms of news consumption, since the 1980s young adults
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have been less informed than older ones.
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The news media's common-carrier role is based on the idea that
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the press should provide a channel through which political leaders can communicate their views to the public.
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Which institution receives the most news coverage from the national press?
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the presidency
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The Watergate scandal illustrates the
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power of the media to serve as watchdog to safeguard against abuses of power.
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Agenda-setting is an action that falls under which of the major roles played by the press?
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signaling
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Which of the following is one of the two major advantages of journalists in covering the political game and strategic aspects of news instead of the policy frame?
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The political game is a constant source of fresh material.
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The reason the news product is designed to fascinate as well as to inform is because
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news organizations are fundamentally businesses and must obtain revenue to survive.
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On both radio and television, most successful partisan talk shows
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have been hosted by conservatives
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CNN and MSNBC have responded to Fox's ratings success by
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installing talk-show hosts with partisan or hard-edged appeals.
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Which of the following statements is true?
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Objective journalism is based on communication of facts and fairness.
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The Gazette of the United States was founded to promote the policies of President
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George Washington
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One special contribution of Internet-based news is that it
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provides the ordinary citizen with an opportunity to be part of the news system
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Which newspaper was the first to reduce the price of a daily copy to a penny?
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New York Sun
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Yellow journalism contributed to public support for the
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Spanish-American War
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________ once said, "You furnish the pictures and I'll furnish the war."
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William Randolph Hearst
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The traditional media have "softened" their news by
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infusing it with more stories about celebrities, crime, and the like.
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In the 1960s, presidential candidates
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had longer sound bites, on average, in broadcast television newscasts.
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Which of the following characteristics does the Internet have that traditional media lack?
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the ability to allow readers to interact with news reporting
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Which of the following statements has been shown by scholarly research to be true?
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Network journalists tend to be negative.
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On-the-scene coverage of a natural disaster is an example of the press's role of
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signaler
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During what decade did the American news audience change from a growing to a shrinking one?
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the 1980s
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Among the following, the news media are usually guided by events that
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are timely
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Historically, the American press has shifted from
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a political to a journalistic orientation
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During the era of objective journalism, the commitment of newspapers to two-sided news reporting
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did not extend to their editorializing
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Which of the following does NPR serve as an example of?
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the one true success story of public broadcasting
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The "long tail" is a phenomenon related to
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the rate of Internet news readership.
