Adolescence and Young Adulthood Exam 3 (ch. 5, Ch. 6 & ch. 8)
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Gender
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characteristic as male or female
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gender role
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set of expectations that prescribes how male and females should think, act, and feel
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social role theory
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theory stating that gender differences mainly result from the contrasting roles of males and females, with females have less power and status
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social cognitive theory of gender
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theory emphasizing that children's and ado's gender development occurs through observations and imitation of gender behavior, and through rewards and punishments they experience for gender appropriate and gender inappropriate behavior
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gender schema theory
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theory stating that an individual's attention and behavior are guided by internal motivation to conform to socioculteral stereotypes and standards
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gender sterotypes
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broad categories that reflect our impressions and beliefs about females and males
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rapport talk
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language of conversation establishing connections and negotiating relationships
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report talk
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talk that gives info ex: public speaking
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androgyny
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the presence of a high degree of desirable feminine and masculine characteristics in the same individual
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gener role transcendence
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the belief that, when an individuals competence is at issue, it should be conceptualized on not basis of masculinity, femininity, or androgyny, but rather on person biasis
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gender intensification hypothesis
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hypothesis stating that psychological and behavioral differences b/w boys and girls become greater during early ado because of increased socialization pressure to conform to M and F roles
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reciprocal socialization
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process by which children and ado's socialize parents. Just like parents socialize ados
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multiple developmental trajectories
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concept that adults follow one trajectory, and ado's follow another. Important in how trajectories mesh
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authoritarian parenting
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restrictive, parent wants ado to follow their dictation \"do what i say or else\" little verbal give and take creates socially incompetent behavior
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Authoritative parenting
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encourages ado to be independent but still place limit on actions \"you know hat you did, now lets talk about the consequences\" extensive verbal give and take creates socially competent behavior
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neglectful parenting
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uninvolved in ado's life social incompetence, lack of self control, doesn't handle independence well.
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Indulgent parenting
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highly involved in ado's life but place few demands or controls on them social incompetence, lack self control let kid do whatever they want
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emotional autonomy
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capacity to relinquish childlike dependence on parents aka de-idealize parents and see them as real people
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secure attachment
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infants use primary care giver as secure base for exploring enviroment
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Insecure attachment
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infants avoid care giver
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dismissing/avoidant attachement
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(insure) individuals deemphasis importance of attachment
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preoccupied/ambivalent attachment
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(insecure) ados are hyper-attuned to attachment experiences because parents are inconsistently available
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unresolved/disorganized attachment
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(insecure) ado's have unusually high level of fear and are disoriented results from traumatic experiences
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boundary ambiguity
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uncertainty of who is in and who is out of a stepfamily and who is responsible for preforming certain roles.
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sexual script
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stereotyped pattern of role prescriptions for how individuals should behave in sexual contexts men and women have dif roles
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sexual minority
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someone who identities as LQBTQ
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syphilis
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sti caused by Treponema pallidum
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chlamydia
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most common sti organism the spreads by sexual contact and infects genital organs
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genital herpes
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stl caused by large strain of viruses and different strains also causes chicken pox and mononucleosis
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genital warts
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stl very contagious and are the most commonly acquired in the us amount 15-24yo
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gonorrhea
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stl cause by a baterium that thrives in the moist mucous membranes lining the mouth, throat, vagina...ect \"drip\" \"clap\"
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quid pro quo
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trading a grade for a sexual act
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hostile environment sexual harrasment
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sexual harassment that is so consistant and serve that is constricts a students performance
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Sexual Identity
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Emerges in the context of physical factors, social factors, and cultural factors Is strongly influenced by social norms related to sex Involves an indication of sexual orientation and involves activities, interests, and styles of behavior
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Passing
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The process of hiding one's real social identity (due to fears or threats of discrimination or other harmful behaviors)
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The old model
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As adolescents mature, they detach themselves from parents and move into a world of autonomy apart from parents Parent-adolescent conflict is intense and stressful throughout adolescence
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new model of parent-adolescent relationships
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Parents serve as important attachment figures, resources, and support systems as adolescents explore a wider, more complex social world In the majority of families, parent-adolescent conflict is moderate rather than severe and that everyday negotiations and minor disputes are normal
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Latchkey
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Typically do not see their parents from the time they leave for school in the morning until about 6:00 or 7:00 P.M. They are called \"this\" because they carry a key to their home and let themselves into the home while their parents are still at work
