ADL HW 01 – Flashcards

Which type of research technique was used to track newly synthesized RNA within a eukaryotic cell? A. pulse-chase B. band shift assay C. in situ hybridization D. DNA footprint protection assay E. Southern blotting

You wish to create a mutation in which you prevent access of RNA polymerase to the gene. Which region of a gene would you target? A. coding region B. stop codon C. terminator sequence D. promoter sequence E. start codon

A gene has acquired a mutation in which the protein product has an "extra" 50 amino acids at the end. Which region of the gene was likely mutated? A. coding region B. start codon C. promoter sequence D. stop codon E. terminator sequence

Which region(s) of a gene are not found within the mRNA transcript? A. promoter region B. stop codon C. termination region D. promoter and termination regions E. promoter and stop codon

Which of the following initially determines which DNA strand is the template strand, and therefore in which direction RNA polymerase II moves along the DNA? A. which of the two strands of DNA carries the RNA primer B. the position of the gene's promoter on the chromosome C. the location along the chromosome where the double stranded DNA unwinds D. the specific sequence of bases along the DNA strands E. the location of specific proteins (transcription factors) that bind to the DNA

Which three statements correctly describe the processing that takes place before a mature mRNA exits the nucleus? -Noncoding sequences called introns are spliced out by molecular complexes called spliceosomes. -A cap consisting of a modified guanine nucleotide is added to the 5' end of the pre-mRNA. -Coding sequences called exons are spliced out by ribosomes. -A translation stop codon is added at the 3' end of the pre-mRNA. -A poly-A tail (50-250 adenine nucleotides) is added to the 3' end of the pre-mRNA.

Which of the following lists steps of mRNA production in eukaryotes in the correct order? A. 5' cap addition, addition of poly-A tail, exon splicing, passage through nuclear membrane, transcription B. Transcription, addition of poly-A tail, 5' cap addition, exon splicing, passage through nuclear membrane C. Transcription, 5' cap addition, addition of poly-A tail, passage through nuclear membrane, exon splicing D. Transcription, 5' cap addition, addition of poly-A tail, exon splicing, passage through nuclear membrane.

Which of the following is characteristic of transcription in eukaryotes but not in prokaryotes? A. A 3' untranslated trailer sequence B. Exon splicing C. A 5' untranslated leader sequence D. A single transcript may be transcribed and translated simultaneously

Which of the following best describe(s) the function of the 5' mRNA cap? -Termination of transcription -To provide a binding site for poly(A) polymerase -It provides a site for ribosome binding in the cytoplasm -To protect the transcript from degradation

You want to design a drug that prevents transcription of mRNAs but does not affect transcription of other RNAs. What enzyme would you target? A. ribozyme B. RNA polymerase III C. methyl transferase D. RNA polymerase I E. RNA polymerase II

*Bacterial transcription, Step 1: Promoter recognition*

*Bacterial transcription, Step 2: Chain initiation*

*Bacterial transcription, Step 3: Chain elongation*

*Bacterial transcription, Step 4: Chain termination*

Order of events during eukaryotic transcription involving RNA polymerase II

Pre-mRNA splicing in eukaryotes

Which of the following is a characteristic of RNA splicing in eukaryotes? A. Exon/intron boundaries are typically characterized by a 5' GU splice junction and a 3' AG splice junction B. It involves removal of introns from a gene sequence followed by transcription and subsequent splicing of exons C. After splicing occurs, the U1, U2, U5, U6 snRNP complex removes remaining exons for degradation D. It involves recognition of sequence-specific intron/exon boundary sites by cytoplasmic proteins

A snRNP is best described as ________. A. short mRNA transcripts combined with nuclear protein complexes B. small RNAs associated with protein complexes in the nucleus C. the loop structure that forms when two exons are brought into close proximity D. a specific sequence of 7 bases in the mRNA transcript

Which of the following is most likely attributable to a base substitution at a 5' splice junction? A. Failure of the U2 snRNP to bind the transcript B. A longer than usual final transcript C. A shorter than usual final transcript D. An amino acid substitution in the final protein product

Select the properties shared by RNA polymerase and DNA polymerase