ADJ 100 – Exam 3 – Flashcards

The courtroom workgroup includes:

A defense attorney must reveal known cases of ____ according to the Supreme Court case of Nix v. Whiteside.

Public defenders are:

Today's new personal technologies which include cellular telephones with digital cameras threaten courtroom:

What term describes an attorney who worked for a law firm?

The witness has worked as an auto mechanic for 15 years. He testifies that in his opinion the brakes on the car failed because they had been cut. The auto mechanic is:

A court of last resort has ____ jurisdiction.

How many states have intermediate appellate courts?

A state misdemeanor case is likely to start in:

Bob is convicted of theft in a lower court. On appeal, the higher court retires Bob's case.

All of the following are non professionals of the courtroom work group except:

Which U.S. Supreme Court case established the right to counsel for juvenile defendants?

Who is responsible for swearing in witnesses?

When a trial court of general jurisdiction offers a new trial instead of appellate review of a lower court's decision, it is giving a:

The dual-court system consists of:

Thomas Henderson's decisional model describes the lower court process as:

Which of the following is not a responsibility of a bailiff?

Jurisdiction may be thought of as:

Which of the following federal offices is responsible for administering the federal court system?

There are ____ district courts in the federal court system.

Bob consigns all of his stock holdings to the court. What type of bail did he post?

U.S. v. Hazzard held that bail can be denied when the accused is:

The bail decision is made at what stage of the court process?

Maryland v. Craig upheld the use of ____ to shield children who testify at trial.

Which of the following statements about grand juries is false?

Bail serves two purposes. One is to help ensure the reappearance of the accused at trial. The other is:

Which of the following represents the order of the steps in a criminal trial?

A preliminary hearing is held to:

Eyewitness testimony and videotaped documentation are examples of what type of evidence?

Release on recognizance:

When a defendant "stands mute" at her arraignment, she is considered to have entered a:

What Amendment guarantees the right to an impartial jury?

Which of the following is not a type of juror challenge?

The federal Speedy Trial Act allows for the dismissal of charges when the prosecution does not seek indictment within _____ days of arrest, or when trial does not begin within 70 days after indictment.

Approximately what percentage of states uses grand juries as part of the pretrial process?

What type of plea is most similar to a guilty plea?

Under the 2005 U.S. Supreme Court cases of U.S. v. Booker and U.S. v. Fanfan the Federal sentencing Guidelines can no longer be considered:

The 1996 Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act focuses on:

In 2004 the U.S. Supreme Court case of Blakely v. Washington effectively invalidated any sentencing schema that allow ____ rather than juries to determine any factor that icnreases criminal sentence.

A presumptive sentencing model includes all of the following except:

The use of court-ordered community service, home detention, day reporting, drug treatment, psychological counseling, victim-offender programming, or intensive supervision in lieu of other more traditional sanctions, such as imprisonment and fines.

About what percentage of federal sentences are the result of guilty please?

What method of execution is used in most states?

In 2005 the U.S. Supreme Court in the case of Roper v. Simmons held that anyone who committed their crime when younger than 18 could not be sentenced:

Which sentencing goal stressed vengeance?

In regard to sentencing

_____ deterrance seeks to reduce the likelihood of recidivism.

Proportionality demands:

Which of the following intermediate sanctions exposes offenders to a highly regimented environment involving strict discipline. physical training, and hard labor?

Which model, describing the duties of probation and parole officers, see clients as "wards" whom officers are expected to control?

Virtually every person incarcerated in jail and 97% of those incarcerated in prison:

Bob is sentenced to probation. The conditions of his probation, and all probationers in this jurisdiction, include maintaining employment, posessing no firearm, obeying all laws, and meeting with his probation officer. These are ____ conditions.

Who makes the release decision when an offender is sentenced to shock parole?

Discretionary parole is granted by:

Which of the following sentences is not an example of an intermediate sanction?

Which of the following is not a finding from the 1995 study of the operation of shock incarceration programs in eight states?

The release of an inmate from prison that is determined by a statute or sentencing guidelines and is not decided by a parole board or other authority.

What type of probation might require face-to-face contacts between the officer and the probationer five times a week, a mandatory curfew, having a job, and submitting to weekly alcohol and drug testing?

_____ Incapacitation is a strategy that would imprison almost all serious offenders.

quakers, penance, and the Pennsylvania style of imprisonment are tied to the ____ era.

What type of inmate labor system allows private businesses to pay to use inmate labor?

The current era of imprisonment, called the just deserts era, most closely resembles what earlier era?

Jails that are built and run using the combined resources of a variety of local jurisdictions are called:

____ incapacitation seeks to identify the most dangerous criminals.

Which early punishment was primarily a strategy of specific deterrence because it made it difficult for individuals to commit future crimes?

The Auburn system of imprisonment became popular during which prison era?

What court is the first appellate level for courts of limited jurisdiction?

The movement of a trial from one location to another is a:

At least one study suggests that some prosecutors have a tendency to be lenient toward female defendants but discriminate against ____ defendants when deciding whether to prosecute.

The power of a court to review actions and decisions made by other agencies of government is:

The U.S. Supreme Court case of U.S. v. Bagley compels the prosecution to disclose any evidence that the _____ requests.

Courts that have the authority to review a decision made by a lower court are said to have:

What do we call laws that limit the right to bail for certain defendants, usually defendants charged with certain crimes?

What study tested the effectiveness of the release-on-recognizance alternative?

Which of the following is not an alternative to bail?

What type of bail is like a credit contract?

What federal legislation allows federal judges to deny bail to persons who are thought to be dangerous?

Which of the following is not one of the goals of contemporary sentencing?

Which of the following is one of the more rational sentencing goals?

What goal of sentencing is sometimes referred to as the "lock 'em up approach"?

Restorative justice focuses on crime as harm, and justice as _____ the harm.

What type of sentence requires that offenders serve weekends in jail and receive probation supervision during the week?

According to a Bureau of Justice Statistics study, about what percentage of people convicted of homicide are placed on probation?

Who is recognized as the world's first probation officer?

What era was based on the medical model of corrections?

terms like convict bogey and lock psychosis were popular during what prison era?

Federal Prison Industries, responsible for prison labor opportunities in the federal prison system, is also called:

A defendant would be entitled to counsel if she were too poor to afford an attorney in each of the following situations except if:

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a trial court of limited jurisdiction?

Which of the following does not occur at the first appearance?

During a trial, the ____ happens before the closing statement, but after the jury selection.

Three-strikes laws are representative of:

Who makes federal parole decisions?

Which of the following is a characteristic of jails?

Cases begin in courts with ____ jurisdiction.

McNabb v. U.S. formally established that a defendant being held in custody has a right to appear in court before a magistrate:

A sentence of 8 to 25 years is an example of a(n):

Revocation of probation or parole:

ADMAX or Adminstrative maximum is the term used by the federal government to denote:

States that followed the federal court model have how many tiers?