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anxiety

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a negative mood state characterized by bodily symptoms of physical tension and by apprehension about the future

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panic

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sudden, overwhelming fright or terror

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fear

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an immediate alarm reaction to danger

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panic attack

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an abrupt experience of intense fear or acute discomfort, accompanied by physical symptoms that usually include heart palpitations, chest pain, shortness of breath, and, possibly, dizziness

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behavioral inhibition system (BIS)

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brain circuit in the limbic system that responds to threat signals by inhibiting activity and causing anxiety

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fight/flight system (FFS)

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brain circuit in animals that when stimulated causes an immediate alarm and escape response resembling human panic

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generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

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anxiety disorder characterized by intense, uncontrollable, unfocused, chronic, and continuous worry that is distressing and unproductive, accompanied by physical symptoms of tenseness, irritability, and restlessness

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panic disorder (PD)

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recurrent unexpected panic attacks accompanied by concern about future attacks and/or a lifestyle change to avoid future attacks

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agoraphobia

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anxiety disorder characterized by anxiety about being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult in the event of panic symptoms or other unpleasant physical symptoms

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panic control treatment (PCT)

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cognitive behavioral treatment for panic attacks, involving gradual exposure to feared somatic sensations and modification of perceptions and attitudes about them

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specific phobia

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unreasonable fear of a specific object or situation that markedly interferes with daily life functioning

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blood-injection-injury phobias

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unreasonable fear and avoidance of exposure to blood, injury, or the possibility of an injection

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situational phobias

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anxiety involving enclosed places or public transportation

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natural environment phobias

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fear of situations or events in nature, especially heights, storms, and water

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animal phobia

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unreasonable, enduring fear of animals or insects that usually develops early in life

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separation anxiety disorder

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excessive, enduring fear in some individuals that harm will come to them or their loved ones when they are apart

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social anxiety disorder

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extreme, enduring, irrational fear and avoidance of social or performance situations

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post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

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enduring, distressing emotional disorder that follows exposure to severe helplessness or a fear-inducing threat

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attachment disorders

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developmentally inappropriate behaviors in which a child is unable or unwilling to form normal attachment relationships with care giving adults

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reactive attachment disorder

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attachment disorder in which a child with disturbed behavior neither seeks out a caregiver nor responds to offers of help from one

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disinhibited social engagement disorder

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condition in which a child shows no inhibitions whatsoever in approaching adults

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obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

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disorder involving unwanted, persistent, intrusive thoughts and impulses, as well as repetitive actions intended to suppress them

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obsessions

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recurrent intrusive thoughts or impulses the client seeks to suppress or neutralize while recognizing they are not imposed by outside forces

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compulsions

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repetitive, ritualistic, time-consuming behaviors or mental acts a person feels driven to perform to suppress obsessions

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body dysmorphic disorder (BDD)

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disorder featuring a disruptive preoccupation with some imagined defect in appearance

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trichotillomania

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people's urge to pull out their own hair from anywhere on the body, including the scalp, eyebrows, and arm

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excoriation

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recurrent, difficult-to-control picking of one's skin leading to significant impairment or distress

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somatic symptom disorder

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disorder involving extreme and long-lasting focus on multiple physical symptoms for which no medical cause is evident

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dissociative disorder

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disorder in which individuals feel detached from themselves or their surroundings and reality, experience, and identity may disintegrate

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illness anxiety disorder

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somatic symptom disorder involving severe anxiety over belief in having a disease process without any evident physical cause

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psychological factors affecting medical condition

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somatic condition in which a psychological characteristic impacts a diagnosed medical condition, such as asthma being exacerbated by anxiety

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conversion disorder

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physical malfunctioning, such as blindness or paralysis, suggesting neurological impairment but with no organic pathology to account for it

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malingering

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deliberate faking of a physical or psychological disorder motivated by gain

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factitious disorder

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nonexistent physical or psychological disorder deliberately faked for no apparent gain except possibly sympathy and attention

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derealization

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situation in which the individual loses a sense of the reality of the external world

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depersonalization/derealization disorder

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dissociative disorder in which feelings of depersonalization are so severe they dominate the client's life and prevent normal functioning

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dissociative amnesia

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dissociative disorder featuring the inability to recall personal information, usually of a stressful or traumatic nature

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generalized amnesia

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loss of memory of all personal information, including identity

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localized or selective amnesia

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memory loss limited to specific times and events, particularly traumatic events

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dissociative fugue

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type of dissociative amnesia featuring sudden, unexpected travel away from home, along with an inability to recall the past, sometimes with assumption of a new identity

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dissociative trance

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altered state of consciousness in which people firmly believe they are possessed by spirits; considered a disorder only where there is distress and dysfunction

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dissociative identity disorder (DID)

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formerly known as multiple personality disorder; a disorder in which as many as 100 personalities or fragments of personalities coexist within one body and mind

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alter egos (alters)

answer

the different personalities or identities in dissociative identity disorder

Abnormal Psychology Ch. 5 (Barlow/Durand 7th edition) – Flashcards

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