A.P. World History-Classical Era – Flashcards
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mandarin
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d. the standard Chinese language s. first language throughout the country
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legalism
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d. an absolute monarchy with rewards and punishments for all classes-very practical s. very scholarly way of government
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patriarchalism
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d. a philosophy, form, or system of patriarchal government s. new government style
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Daoism
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d. a distinctive science, artistry, and rituals s. other belief system besides Confucianism
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silk road
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d. large trade route founded during Han dynasty s. first trading between china and other countries
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Zhou Dynasty
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d. first dynasty with decentralized government s. used local rulers to govern
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Qin Dynasty
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d. dynasty ruled by Shi Huangdi-central government s. first dynasty to have a single ruler with other officials
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Qin Shi Huangdi
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d. brutal ruler of the Qin dynasty-built great wall s. first Qin emperor
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Han Dynasty
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d. continued central government- less brutal than Qin and used trade s. basis of modern government, started trading
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Wu Ti
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d. famous Han ruler s. enforced peace in China and surrounding areas
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caste system
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d. different levels of social classes s. showed social classes
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Sanskrit
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d. language of India s. first written language in India
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dharma
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d. conformity to religious law, custom, duty, or character s. gave government better morals
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Upanishads
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d. written treaties
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Vedas
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d. Hindu sacred writings s. explained different aspects of life and the gods
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Mahabharata and Ramayana
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d. two great Indian epics s. great intellectual achievements
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Bhagavad and Gita
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d. part if the Mahabharata about Arjuna and Krishna s. great writings
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reincarnation
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d. to come back to earth in a new body after death s. shows Indian's interest in the afterlife
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Alexander the Great
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d. invaded part of India for Macedonia s. brought in new cultures
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Aryans
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d. herding nomads who eventually settled in India s. greatly influenced religion
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Mauryan Dynasty
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d. religions. dynasty started by Changdragupta s. first real central government in India
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Ashoka
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d. Changdraguptas son s.ast Mauryan emperor
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Gupta Empire
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d. united much of northern India
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Kautilya
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d. generals who wrote a set of laws s. first laws-eye for an eye
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polis
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d. Greek word for city-state (politics) s. suggests intense political interests in cities
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tyranny
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d. a strong government
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Hellenistic Period
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d. period of the Greeks or Hellenes s. established trade and promoted education
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senate
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d. aristocrats who held high power in Rome
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Pericles
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d. aristocratic political figure s. promoted whose influence and negotiation
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Peloponnesian Wars
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d. was between Athens and Sparta for power
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Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle
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d. influential philosophers
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Phillip II of Macedonia
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d. conquered Athens and Sparta as part of Macedonia
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Punic Wars
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d. three wars against Carthage s. end of classical Mediterranean age- seized entire western Mediterranean
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Julius Caesar
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d. very powerful ruler of Rome s. ended my traditional institutions
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Augusus Caesar
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d. established basic structures-Julius' nephew
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Cicero
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d. wrote political writings-like Confucianism s. focused more in service than government
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Diocletian and Constantine
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d. later, powerful empowers s. tried to reverse downfall of Rome and introduce Christianity
