envs – Flashcards
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According to Hank Green in the video ÒEcologyÓ, you can think of all living things as
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molecules that react with each other
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According to Hank Green, what do we call Òa bunch of members of a species together in a certain area, interacting pretty oftenÓ?
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a population
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According to Hank Green, what do we call two or more populations of different species living together?
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community
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According to Hank Green, what are groups of organisms living in a specific area and the non-living parts of their environment?
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ecosystem
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According to Hank Green, what do we call an area where organisms have evolved similar techniques to adapt to a general set of conditions?
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biome
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According to Hank Green, what do we call the area encompassing the atmosphere, the whole earth and everything that gets used by anything that's alive?
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biosphere
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Which of the following is an example of an abiotic factor in an ecosystem?
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elevation
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According to Hank Green, almost all chemical reactions that happen inside living things are governed by:
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enzymes
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According to Hank Green, what are the two most important abiotic things determining what animals live in terrestrial biomes?
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temperature and water
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What biome contains large coniferous forests and extends across Canada, norther Russia, and Scandinavia?
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taiga
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The doubling time for the U.S. population in years is approximately ____________.
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85
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The strategy that refers to organisms with relatively long life spans and have only few offspring but devote their energies to protecting and nurturing their offspring to enhance their individual survival until they can reproduce is called the:
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k strategy
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What type of survivorship curve is characteristic of most bird species?
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type II
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When there is a fall in death rates followed by a fall in birth rates, as often occurred as industrialized countries developed, the phenomenon is known as the:
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Demographic transition
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Which area of the world has the longest doubling time for people?
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Europe
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Which area of the world has the fastest doubling time?
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africa
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The total fertility rate replacement level is closest to:
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2.1
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How effective is the male condom in preventing unwanted pregnancies when used correctly?
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88%
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How effective is a male condom in preventing unwanted pregnancies when used correctly along with a spermicide?
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98%
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Methods of gene transfer in plants may use a(n) ___ that puts the desirable genetic fragments into the plant.
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gene gun
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Paul Erlich thinks that the impact of human activity on environments can be summarized by the equation:
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I = P*A*T
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A viewpoint that more people on the planet will drive the technology to support the world's growing billions is often termed ______________.
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Tragedy of the Common
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Rainforests are located predominantly in the LDC's in a latitudinal band forming a belt around the globe from approximately:
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20 degrees South to 30 degrees North
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The most fertile soils for growth of food are located in:
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Europe, Asia, North America
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According to the USDA, how much of the natural topsoil in North America has been lost since farming began after European colonization?
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30%
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Land degradation in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid areas is known as:
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desertification
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How many million acres are removed from agricultural production annually because of poor land management?
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15
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What is the term that refers to the number of different animal and plant species and also to the genetic variability among individuals of those species?
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biodiversity
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The most significant threat to biodiversity today is:
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the elimination of habitat
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All enzymes are known to be
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tertiary proteins with specific active sites
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The primary structure of a protein is represented by the
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sequence of amino acids in the molecule
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all enzymes must possess
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amino acids
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The triplet of nucleotides of tRNA which 'recognizes' a similar unit of nucleotides in mRNA is the
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anticodon
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Which of the following statements is true of soluble (transfer) RNA?
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At least one 'molecular species' exists for combining with each of the naturally occurring amino acids
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is the leading factor associated with cancers.
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poor diet
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The difference between DNA and RNA is defined by the presence in the latter of
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uracil pyrimidine and ribose sugar
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Of the following, which one best describes Sickle cell disease?
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an abnormal shape in red blood cells
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At which one of the following sites are amino acids assembled into the primary protein structure?
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ribosomes
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The human defect called Down syndrome is caused by
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having 3 chromosomes (#21) instead of a pair
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In the video DNA Structure and Replication, Hank Green says DNA is composed of
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5-carbon deoxyribose sugar molecules phosphate groups nitrogenous bases
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in a DNA molecule
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adenine in one strand pairs with thymine in the other strand guanine in one strand pairs with cytosine in the other strand guanine-cytosine pairs have three hydrogen bonds adenine-thymine pairs have two hydrogen bonds
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Who was instrumental in discovering the structure of DNA but received little credit and died before Watson and Crick were awarded the Nobel prize?
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Rosalind Franklin
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when was DNA discovered
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1869
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What is the main enzyme that synthesizes DNA during replication?
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DNA polymerase
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What are Okazaki fragments?
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short pieces of DNA linked together during DNA replication
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What is a TATA box?
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the promoter region of a gene on a DNA molecule that tells RNA polymerase where to bind to the DNA molecule during transcription
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What are the three bases (base triplet) on one end of a tRNA molecule called?
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anticodon
