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1. TF #1 Until the 1980s, project management primarily focused on providing schedule and resource data to top management in the military, computer, and construction industries.

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*a. True b. False

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2. TF #2 A research report showed that the U.S. spends $2.3 trillion on projects every year, an amount equal to 40 percent of the nation's gross domestic product.

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a. True *b. False

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3. TF #3 One attribute that helps define a project is that a project has a unique purpose.

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*a. True b. False

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4. TF #4 A project should be developed using progressive elaboration, starting from specific details and broadening in scope as it progresses.

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a. True *b. False

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5. TF #5 Projects are often defined narrowly when they begin.

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a. True *b. False

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6. TF #6 Projects rarely involve uncertainty.

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a. True *b. False

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7. TF #7 Every project is constrained in different ways by its scope and cost goals; these limitations are sometimes referred to in project management as the double constraint.

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a. True *b. False

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8. TF #8 Questions about how long a project's schedule should be are related to the issue of the project's scope.

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a. True *b. False

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9. TF #9 Because projects involve uncertainty and limited resources, projects rarely finish according to discrete scope, time, and cost goals as originally planned.

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*a. True b. False

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10. TF #10 Managing the triple constraint involves making trade-offs between scope, time, and cost goals for a project.

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*a. True b. False

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11. TF #11 Some people refer to the "double constraint" of project management to include quality and customer satisfaction.

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a. True *b. False

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12. TF #12 In the example of building a new house, the support staff would provide the wood, windows, flooring materials, appliances, and so on.

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a. True *b. False

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13. TF #13 Stakeholders' needs and expectations are only important in the beginning of a project.

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a. True *b. False

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14. TF #14 There are six core knowledge areas of project management.

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a. True *b. False

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15. TF #15 Follow-up studies done by the Standish Group showed that the number of failed projects has more than doubled in the past decade.

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a. True *b. False

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16. TF #16 The 2006 Standish Group survey showed that IT project success rates had risen from 16 percent in 1994 to 35 percent in 2006.

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*a. True b. False

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17. TF #17 Project management is the silver bullet that guarantees success on all projects.

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a. True *b. False

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18. TF #18 A key finding of a 2004 study is that relationship management is viewed as a top success factor for information systems in China, while it is not mentioned in U.S. studies.

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*a. True b. False

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19. TF #19 Winners in project delivery know that strong program managers—referred to as project leaders—are crucial to project success.

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*a. True b. False

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20. TF #20 A program is "a group of related projects managed in a coordinated way to obtain benefits and control not available from managing them individually."

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*a. True b. False

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21. TF #21 Program managers are not responsible for coordinating the efforts of project teams, functional groups, suppliers, and operations staff.

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a. True *b. False

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22. TF #22 The job description for a project manager can vary by industry and by organization.

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*a. True b. False

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23. TF #23 Project managers should possess general management knowledge and skills.

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*a. True b. False

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24. TF #24 Project managers must be able to make effective use of technology as it relates to the specific project.

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*a. True b. False

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25. TF #25 Project managers for large information technology projects have to be experts in the field of information technology.

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a. True *b. False

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26. TF #26 Project managers often take on the role of both leader and manager.

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*a. True b. False

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27. TF #27 Today's project managers still draw Gantt charts by hand.

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a. True *b. False

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28. TF #28 Determining the relationships among tasks is not essential in helping to improve project scheduling.

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a. True *b. False

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29. TF #29 New software makes basic tools, such as Gantt charts and network diagrams, inexpensive, easy to create, and available for anyone to update.

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*a. True b. False

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30. TF #30 Many people still use basic productivity software, such as Microsoft Word or Excel, to perform many project management functions.

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*a. True b. False

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31. MC #1 A research report showed that the U.S. spends ____ on projects every year. a. $2.3 billion b. $23 billion c. $2.3 trillion d. $23 trillion

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c. $2.3 trillion

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32. MC #2 A research report showed that the U.S. spends the equivalent of ____ percent of the nation's gross domestic product on projects every year. a. 10 b. 20 c. 25 d. 50

answer

c. 25

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33. MC #3 Many organizations assert that using project management provides advantages, such as ____. a. lower profit margins b. lower costs c. less internal coordination d. lower worker morale

answer

b. lower costs

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34. MC #4 Because a project requires resources, often from various areas, many projects cross ____ or other boundaries to achieve their unique purposes. a. financial b. spatial c. departmental d. technological

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*c. departmental

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35. MC #5 The project ____ usually provides the direction and funding for the project. a. leader b. sponsor c. manager d. director

answer

b. sponsor

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36. MC #6 The limitations of scope, time, and cost goals are sometimes referred to as the ____. a. double bind b. triple constraint c. double constraint d. double obstacle

answer

b. triple constraint

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37. MC #7 ____ are the people involved in or affected by project activities and include the project sponsor, project team, support staff, customers, users, suppliers, and even opponents of the project. a. Managers b. Stakeholders c. Directors d. Citizens

answer

b. Stakeholders

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38. MC #8 In the example of the project of building a house, the project sponsors would be the potential ____. a. contractors b. support staff c. managers d. new homeowners

answer

*d. new homeowners

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39. MC #9 In the example of the project of building a house, the ____ would normally be the general contractor responsible for building the house. a. project sponsors b. project team c. project manager d. support staff

answer

*c. project manager

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40. MC #10 Project ____ management involves defining and managing all the work required to complete the project successfully. a. scope b. quality c. time d. cost

answer

*a. scope

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41. MC #11 Project ____ management ensures that the project will satisfy the stated or implied needs for which it was undertaken. a. cost b. time c. scope d. quality

answer

*d. quality

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42. MC #12 Project ____ management is concerned with making effective use of the people involved with the project. a. human resource b. risk c. communications d. procurement

answer

*a. human resource

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43. MC #13 Project ____ management involves generating, collecting, disseminating, and storing project information. a. risk b. procurement c. communications d. resource

answer

*c. communications

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44. MC #14 Project ____ management is an overarching function that affects and is affected by all of the other knowledge areas. a. cost b. quality c. integration d. time

answer

*c. integration

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45. MC #15 What works on one project may not work on another, so it is essential for project managers to continue to develop their knowledge and ____ in managing projects. a. time b. resources c. funding d. skills

answer

*d. skills

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46. MC #16 According to the Standish group, which of the following factors contributes most to the success of information technology projects? a. Executive support b. User involvement c. Experienced project manager d. Clear business objectives

answer

*a. Executive support

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47. MC #17 According to the Standish Group study describing what factors contribute most to the success of information technology projects, ____ percent of successful projects are led by experienced project managers. a. 75 b. 80 c. 97 d. 100

answer

*c. 97

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48. MC #18 "All project leaders use a shared road map, focusing on key business aspects of their projects while integrating goals across all parts of the organization" describes the ____ best practice for project delivery. a. Use an integrated toolbox b. Grow project leaders c. Develop a streamlined project delivery process d. Measure project health using metrics

answer

*c. Develop a streamlined project delivery process

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49. MC #19 ____ project management software integrates information from multiple projects to show the status of active, approved, and future projects across an entire organization. a. Investment b. Active c. Enterprise d. Budget

answer

*c. Enterprise

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50. MC #20 A ____ can have many different job descriptions, which can vary tremendously based on the organization and the project. a. project supervisor b. project manager c. job coordinator d. project coordinator

answer

*b. project manager

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51. MC #21 In an interview with two chief information officers (CIOs), both men agreed that the most important project management skills seem to depend on ____. a. the difficulty of the project and the resources involved b. the difficulty of the task and the people involved c. the uniqueness of the project and the difficulty of the task d. the uniqueness of the project and the people involved

answer

*d. the uniqueness of the project and the people involved

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52. MC #22 Achieving high performance on projects requires ____, otherwise called human relations skills. a. capital skills b. soft skills c. light skills d. hard skills

answer

*b. soft skills

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53. MC #23 A(n) ____ focuses on long-term goals and big-picture objectives, while inspiring people to reach those goals. a. assistant b. programmer c. leader d. manager

answer

c. leader

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54. MC #24 A(n) ____ often deals with the day-to-day details of meeting specific goals. a. manager b. leader c. programmer d. analyst

answer

*c. leader

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55. MC #25 Some people say that ____ achieve the vision of a project. a. leaders b. managers c. stakeholders d. supervisors

answer

*b. managers

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56. MC #26 Most people agree that the modern concept of project management began with the ____. a. Great Wall of China b. first space shuttle c. Egyptian pyramids d. Manhattan Project

answer

*d. Manhattan Project

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57. MC #27 The Manhattan Project cost almost $2 billion in ____. a. 1936 b. 1946 c. 1956 d. 1966

answer

*b. 1946

question

58. MC #28 In ____, Henry Gantt developed the famous Gantt chart as a tool for scheduling work in factories. a. 1897 b. 1917 c. 1927 d. 1957

answer

*b. 1917

question

59. MC #29 A Gantt chart is a standard format for displaying project schedule information by listing project activities and their corresponding start and finish dates in a ____ format. a. pie chart b. line graph c. bar graph d. calendar

answer

*d. calendar

question

60. MC #30 During the Cold War years of the 1950s and '60s, ____ continued to be key in refining several project management techniques. a. NASA b. the military c. steel manufacturing d. marine biology

answer

*b. the military

question

61. MC #31 The longest path through a network diagram that determines the earliest completion of a project is called the ____ path. a. essential b. important c. critical d. vital

answer

*c. critical

question

62. MC #32 By the ____, the U.S. military and its civilian suppliers developed software to assist in managing large projects. a. 1960s b. 1970s c. 1980s d. 1990s

answer

*b. 1970s

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63. MC #33 ____ was an early project management software product that helped managers analyze complex schedules for designing aircraft. a. Artemis b. Columbia c. Vega d. Oberlin

answer

*a. Artemis

question

64. MC #34 A PMO, or Project ____ Office, is an organizational group responsible for coordinating the project management function throughout an organization. a. Management b. Money c. Municipal d. Marketing

answer

*a. Management

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65. MC #35 Many organizations are now using enterprise or project ____ management software to help manage projects. a. path b. portfolio c. institute d. office

answer

*b. portfolio

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66. MC #36 PMI provides certification as a Project Management ____ (PMP), someone who has documented sufficient project experience and education, agreed to follow the PMI code of professional conduct, and demonstrated knowledge of the field of project management by passing a comprehensive examination. a. Producer b. Practitioner c. Professional d. Professor

answer

*c. Professional

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67. MC #37 Just as passing the CPA exam is a standard for accountants, passing the ____ exam is becoming a standard for project managers. a. PMI b. PM c. PMP d. PMO

answer

*c. PMP

question

68. MC #38 The Project Management ____, a Web site for people involved in project management, provides an alphabetical directory of more than 300 project management software solutions. *a. Center b. Alliance c. Consortium d. Facility

answer

*a. Center

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69. MC #39 ____ tools are often recommended for small projects and single users. a. Low-end b. Midrange c. High-end d. Expensive

answer

*a. Low-end

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70. MC #40 ____ tools, sometimes referred to as enterprise project management software, provide robust capabilities to handle very large projects. a. Low-end b. Midrange c. High-end d. Inexpensive

answer

*c. High-end

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71. CO #1 More than ____________________ million people regard project management as their profession.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. 16 b. sixteen

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72. CO #2 The "CHAOS" study found that more than ____________________ percent of information technology projects were canceled before completion.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. 31 b. thirty-one

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73. CO #3 A(n) ____________________ is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. project

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74. CO #4 The term "____________________" refers to work done in organizations to sustain the business.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. operations

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75. CO #5 ____________________ include people, hardware, software, or other assets.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. Resources

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76. CO #6 The question, "What unique product or service does the customer or sponsor expect from the project?" is related to the ____________________ of the project.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. scope

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77. CO #7 The question, "What is the project's budget?" is related to the project's ____________________.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. cost

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78. CO #8 The ____________________ of project management includes quality along with scope, time, and cost.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. quadruple constraint

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79. CO #9 ____________________ is "the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements."

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. Project management

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80. CO #10 Project management ____________________ describe the key competencies that project managers must develop.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. knowledge areas

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81. CO #11 Project management tools and ____________________ assist project managers and their teams in carrying out work in all nine knowledge areas.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. techniques

question

82. CO #12 Gantt charts, project network diagrams, critical path analysis, crashing, fast tracking, and schedule performance measurements are examples of tools and techniques for ____________________.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. time management

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83. CO #13 Companies that excel in project delivery use performance ____________________ to quantify progress.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. metrics

question

84. CO #14 ______________________________ refers to the process in which organizations group and manage projects and programs as a portfolio of investments that contribute to the entire enterprise's success.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. Project portfolio management b. Portfolio management

question

85. CO #15 ____________________ skills include effective communication, influencing the organization to get things done, leadership, motivation, negotiation, conflict management, and problem solving.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. Soft

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86. CO #16 One reason project managers need good ____________________ skills is that to understand, navigate, and meet stakeholders' needs and expectations, they need to lead, communicate, negotiate, solve problems, and influence the organization at large.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. soft

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87. CO #17 Some people say that, "Managers do things right, and ____________________ do the right things."

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. leaders

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88. CO #18 A(n) ____________________ chart is a standard format for displaying project schedule information.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. Gantt

question

89. CO #19 As computer hardware became smaller and more affordable and ____________________ included graphical and easy to use interfaces, project management software became less expensive and more widely used.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. software

question

90. CO #20 The ___________________________________, an international professional society for project managers founded in 1969, has continued to attract and retain members, reporting 277,221 members worldwide by August 31, 2008.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. PMI b. Project Management Institute c. Project Management Institute (PMI)

question

91. CO #21 Because there are so many people working on projects in various industries, PMI has created Specific ____________________ (SIGs) that enable members to share ideas about project management in their particular application areas, such as information systems.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. Interest Groups

question

92. CO #22 ____________________, loosely defined, is a set of principles that guide our decision making based on personal values of what is "right" and "wrong."

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. Ethics

question

93. CO #23 ____________________ tools, a step up from low-end tools, are designed to handle larger projects, multiple users, and multiple projects.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. Midrange

question

94. CO #24 ____________________ is still the most widely used project management software today in the midrange tools category.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. Microsoft Project

question

95. CO #25 ____________________ tools are generally licensed on a per-user basis.

answer

Correct Answer(s): a. High-end

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