Chapter 24 US History Vocab – Flashcards
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Richard Nixon
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Elected president in 1968.
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New Federalism
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To distribute a portion of federal power to state and local governments.
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Revenue Sharing
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State and local governments could spend their federal dollars however they saw fit within certain limitations.
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Family Assistance Plan
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Every family of four with no outside income would receive a basic federal payment of 1600 a year.
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Southern Strategy
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Nixon tried to attract Southern conservative Democrats by appealing to their unhappiness with federal desegregation policies.
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Stagflation
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Between 1967 and 1973, the US faced high inflation and high unemployment.
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OPEC
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Middle Eastern countries that the US got oil from.
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Realpolitik
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Political Realism.
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Détente
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A policy aimed at easing Cold War tensions.
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SALT I Treaty
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Five-year agreement limited the number of intercontinental ballistic missiles.
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Impeachment
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Process by which elected officials are removed from office.
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Watergate
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The events and scandal surrounding a break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters in 1972 and the subsequent cover-up of White House involvement, leading to the eventual resignation of President Nixon under the threat of impeachment.
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H.R. Haldeman
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Haldeman was Nixon's Chief of Staff and was also involved in the Watergate scandal. He was deeply involved with Nixon's scandals since he and Ehrlichman were Nixon's most trusted aids, doing whatever they felt necessary to protect Nixon.
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John Ehrlichman
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Ehrlichman, along with Haldeman, was one of Nixon's most trusted aids. He was deeply involved with Nixon's scandals since he and Haldeman were Nixon's most trusted aids, doing whatever they felt necessary to protect Nixon.
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John Mitchell
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Nixon's first attorney general and his close friend and adviser; many people believe he ordered the Watergate break-in. He participated in the cover-up and served nineteen months in prison for his role.
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Committee to Reelect the President
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Illegally raises money for the secret intelligence group, the 'plumbers', to sabotage Nixon's political enemies. Some of the money raised by this committee finances Watergate.
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John Sirica
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Sirica was the chief judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia. He was the judge of the Watergate break-in case and later demanded Nixon's tapes during the whole fiasco.
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Saturday Night Massacre
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Dismissal of independent special prosecutor Archibald Cox, and the resignations of Attorney General Elliot Richardson and Deputy Attorney General William Ruckelshaus during the Watergate scandal 1973.
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Gerald Ford
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President 1974-77, Nixon's Vice president, only person not voted into the White House, appointed vice president by Nixon: became president after Nixon resigned.
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Jimmy Carter
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President who stressed human rights. Because of the Soviet war in Afghanistan, he enacted an embargo on grain shipments to USSR and boycotted the 1980 Olympics in Moscow.
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National Energy Act
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Set minimum Energy Performance Standards to replace those set by the EPCA of 1975. Changed the energy standards from voluntary to mandatory. Federal agencies are to perform energy surveys in order to reduce consumption of nonrenewable energy resources in builds, vehicles, etc. Give loans to families for the purpose and installation of solar heating or cooling equipment. Give grants to businesses willing to use energy conservation techniques.
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Human Rights
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A set of legal and moral guidelines that promote and protect recognition of our values and ensure an adequate standard of living.
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Camp David Accords
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The Camp David Accords were the peace accords signed by Menachem Begin and Anwar Sadat to finally end the Israeli-Egyptian disputes. The achievement by Carter is considered his greatest achievement in office.
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Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini
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Shi'ite philosopher and cleric who led the overthrow of the shah of Iran in 1979 and created an Islamic republic.
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Rachel Carson
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American conservationist whose 1962 book "Silent Spring" galvanized the modern environmental movement that gained significant traction in the 1970s.
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Earth Day
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International day of celebration and awareness of global environmental issues launched by conservationists on April 22, 1970.
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Environmentalist
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A system of beliefs that defines the values of different environmental attributes and often seeks to protect or preserve attributes that are important to humans.
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EPA
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An administrative agency created by Congress in 1970 to coordinate the implementation and enforcement of the federal environmental protection laws.
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Three Mile Island
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(March 28, 1979) (Carter) A mechanical failure and a human error at this power plant in Pennsylvania combined to permit an escape of radiation over a 16 mile radius.
