Psych exam 4 practice test: – Flashcards
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An anxiety disorder characterized by frequent panic attacks that affect the persons ability to function in day-to-day living is called?
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Panic disorder
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In Carl Roger's theory, our perception of our abilities, behaviors, and characteristics is known as _______
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Self-concept
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People who are attempting to become extremely thin by refusing to eat suffer from what?
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Anorexia nervosa
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Raymond Cattle originally proposed that there are __________ personality source traits
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16
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A disorder resulting from exposure to a major stressor, with sympathy of anxiety, nightmares, poor sleep, relieving the event, and concentration problems, lasting more than one month, is called ________
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PTSD
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Four-year old Larry squeezes between his mommy and daddy as they sit together on the couch. He cuddles with mommy and pushes daddy away. This illustrates which Freudian concept?
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Oedipus complex
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Any pattern of behavior that uses people significant distress, causes harm to others, or harms their ability to function in daily life, is called ________
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A psychological disorder
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Each day, while Sid is sitting at his desk at work, he continually think about germs. Each times this occurs, he washes his hands. Sid probably suffers from what?
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OCD
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The social or environmental setting of a person's behavior is reffered to as _______
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The situational context
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"If it feels good, do it" best describes the _________
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ID
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__________ is used to help psychological professionals diagnose psychological disorders
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The diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM)
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Sigmund Freud's theory came at a time in history when the predominant attitude toward sex was ___________
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Repressed
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Which theory of personality was direct against the psychoanalytic and behaviorist perspective?
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Humanistic perspective
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Carl Rogers emphasized accepting people for what they are, not for what you would like them to be. This acceptance is termed _________
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Unconditional positive regard
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There were three friends. Maybe you've heard of them!! Harry was rational, logical and cunning. Hermione was rule-oriented, moral, and always ethical. Ron was pleasure seeking, found is hard to delay gratification, and usually just did what he wanted. According to freud, harry was mostly ________
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Ego
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The _______ model of mental illness explains that disorders such as anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia are caused by chemical imbalances, genetic problems, brain damage or dysfunction, or some combination of those causes.
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Biological
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What is the primary difficulty with applying the criterion of "social norm deviance" to define abnormal behavior?
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Behavior that is considered disordered in one culture may be acceptable in another
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What did Sigmund Freud believe could happen is our needs were delayed at a particular psychosexual stage?
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We could have become fixated at that stage
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The television talks to Heidi. it tells her the police are out to get her. Because Heidi has schizophrenia, she is most likely experiencing a(n) _______
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Hallucination
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Manny has such an intense fear of flying insects that he hardly ever goes outside his house during the summer months. He probably is suffering from ________
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Phobia
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When a patient arrives in the emergency room, he is restless and irritable with unlimited energy and a rapid rate of speech. The attending psychiatrist believes the patient has taken cocaine or amphetamines and admits him for observation. The next day, the symptoms are the same. What condition with symptoms that are similar to those associated with amphetamine use might the psychiatrist now consider as a condition that is relevant to the diagnosis?
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Mania
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A behavioral therapist is working with a depressed client. Which of the following causes is the most likely focus of this therapists intervention?
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Learned behaviors of depression
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Severe depression that comes on suddenly or seems to have no external cause is called _______
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Major depressive disorder
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Many have compared Freud's idea of the mind to an iceberg.If that were the case, and you were standing on the deck of a ship in Alaska, what part of the mind would you see above the water?
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Ego
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Disorders in which there is a break in conscious awareness, memory, the sense of identity, or some combination are called ________
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Dissociative disorder
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Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) seems to be related to _________
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Low levels of sunlight
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Someone who was interested in measuring a personals source traits, as described by Raymond Cattle, would use the ________
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sixteen personality factors questionnaire (16PF)
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The unique and relatively stable ways in which each individual thinks, acts, and feels is called _________
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Personality
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What us Freud's term for the unconscious efforts by the ego to deny or stairs reality for the purposed of protecting itself when conflict becomes too intense?
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A psychological defense mechanism
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Which theories are less concerned with the explanation of personality development and changing personality than they are with
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Trait theories
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What do Abraham Maslow's and Carl Roger's theories have in common?
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The believe that each human is free to choose his or her own destiny
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You are quite hungry but don't have any money. If you were described as "all id and only id" what would you do?
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Steal a hot dog from the vendor on the corner
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For the behaviorist, personality is a set of learned responses or ______
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Habits
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According to Freud, personality develops through a series of psychosexual stages. During infancy, the psychosexual stage is called the ______
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Oral stage
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Which of these is an acronym that could help you remember the Big Five traits?
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OCEAN
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Carl rogers believed that people question themselves and experience negative effects on their self-concept when they receive _______
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Conditional positive regard
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A baseball player's son is quite talented; he has received lots of awards over the years. When he gets up to bat, he expects to get a hit, and when he is in the field, he expects to make every catch. According to Bandura, what characteristic does this young man seem to have?
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Self-efficiency
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You are a psychologist who is evaluating the behavior of a new client. The client tells you that he does not like to wear clothing and that he walks around nude most of the time. In addition, he tells you that he lives in a society in which clothing is required and nudity is seen as abnormal. Which of the following is NOT a criterion by which you evaluate your client's behavior as abnormal?
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Subjective discomfort
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Skinner and Watson believed that personality is the result of:
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classical and operant conditioning and observational learning
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Sigmund Freud proposed that little boys' fears that their fathers may retaliate against them for forbidden sexual and aggressive impulses may lead to ________.
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Castration anxiety
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Albert Bandura's notion that people are affected by their environment, but can also influence that environment, is known as __________.
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Reciprocal determinism
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Excessive or unrealistic fearfulness and worry are characteristic of _________
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Anxiety disorders
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What is the branch of psychology that is concerned with the study of abnormal behavior?
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Psychopathology
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Dave's wife suggests that he talk to a doctor because of his inability to cope with criticism. The doctor suggests that Dave's problem represents the expression of a repressed, unresolved, internal conflict buried in his unconscious mind that has its roots in Dave's childhood. This view is typical of the ______ model of abnormality.
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psychodynamic
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Darcy is sitting at her desk in her office one day when, without warning, her heart begins racing rapidly, she has a sensation of being "out of her body," and she experiences dulled vision and hearing, rapid breathing, and sweating. She thinks she is having a heart attack. Nothing she is doing seems to have caused such an episode. Her symptoms MOST resemble ______.
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panic attack
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Jarod has saved plenty of money and has a lucrative business that he enjoys. He likes to volunteer his time in the community and enjoys the company of others—but still saves time to be alone. One of his favorite things to do in the evening is sit outside and watch the sunset. Carl Rogers might suggest that Jerod is ________.
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self-actualizing
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Antisocial, paranoid, and schizoid are all types of ________ disorders.
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personality
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A relatively consistent characteristic that exists across situations is called ________.
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a personality trait
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Young Bart says to his friend "What do you want to play at recess today, war or forts?" His comrade, Yevgeni, replies "Why don't we try something different today and play with the girls?" Completely aghast, Bart yells back "Are you crazy?? Girls have COOTIES!" Which stage of personality development is Bart likely in, according to Freud?
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latency
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Freud believed that the _____________ was the most important determining factor in human behavior and personality.
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unconscious mind
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The _____________ theory of personality has its basis in the theories of learning, and focuses on the effects of environment on one's personal characteristics and actions.
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behaviorist
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Toilet training takes place during which of Freud's psychosexual stages?
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anal
