AP world history unit 1- agricultural revolution terms – Flashcards
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Agricultural revolution
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Also known as the Neolithic Revolution, this is the transformation of human (and world) existence caused by the deliberate cultivation of particular plants and the deliberate taming and breeding of particular animals. Early humans started settling down and creating civilizations
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Bantu
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A major African language family. Collective name of a large group of sub-Saharan African languages and of the peoples speaking these languages. Famous for migrations throughout central and southern Africa.
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Bantu Migration
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A series of migrations of the Bantu people from the Congo area to present day Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzana
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Broad spectrum diet
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Archeologists' term for the diet of gathering and hunting societies, which included a wide array of plants and animals.
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Cahokia
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an ancient settlement of southern Indians, located near present day St. Louis, it served as a trading center for 40,000 at its peak around 1100 B.C.E
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Catalhuyuk
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One of the first Neolithic agricultural villages (located in modern day Turkey)
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Cheifdom
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form of political organization with rule by a hereditary leader who held power over a collection of villages and towns. less powerful than kingdoms and empires, chiefdoms were based on a gift giving, rituals, and generosity.
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Cultural diffusion
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The gradual spread of cultural elements from one society to another.
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Diffusion (world history)
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The gradual spread of agricultural techniques without extensive population movement
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Fertile Cresent
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Name given to crescent-shaped area of fertile land strecheding from the lower Nile valley, along the east Mediterranean coast, and into Syria and present day Iraq where agriculture and early civilization first began about 8000 B.C
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Jamon
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the earliest documented culture in japan, known for the rope and design on their pottery
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Jarmo
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The area where the first indications of human settlement are found in Iraq, including pottery and domesticated animals.
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Mesopotamia/Tigris&Euphrates
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first civilization located between the Tigris & Eurphrates Rivers in present day Iraq; term means "land between the rivers;" Sumerian culture
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River Valley
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The first civilizations that formed around water sources 5000-700 bce. they have high levels of social stratification and patriarchy. e.g. mesopotamia on the tigris and euphrates, egypt on the nile, harappa on the indus, shang on the yellow river, olmecs in mesoamerica, and chavin in the andes
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Pastoral Society
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A society that depends on domestic animals for its livelihood; pastoral nomads lead their animals to seasonal grazing grounds rather than permanently settling
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Stateless Society
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A society that is based on the authority of kinship groups rather than on a central government
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Teosinte
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a wild grass found in the highlands of Mexico, is the wild ancestor of maize
