question

When a researcher is successful at measuring what he or she intends to measure, this is called:

answer

validity

question

Research subjects have a right to know that they are participating in a study and what the study consists of. This is known as:

answer

informed consent

question

All of the following are described as golden rules of ethical conduct in social research EXCEPT:

answer

never debrief

question

When one factor is said to influence another factor, we refer to this as:

answer

association. causality. mediation. --NOT: correlation.

question

A sociologist studying minor children, pregnant women, or inmates must get approval, as these groups are known as:

answer

protected populations.

question

A variable that is thought to cause a change in another variable is called the:

answer

independent variable

question

An ordered series of questions intended to elicit information from research respondents is known as:

answer

a survey

question

Martine is a sociologist who thinks that A is causing B, when in fact, B is causing A. She needs to be careful not to make the mistake known as:

answer

reverse causality

question

A variable that is thought to be influenced by another variable is known as the:

answer

dependent variable

question

Mitchell Duneier's study of homeless men on New York City's Sixth Avenue involved hanging out with his research subjects to collect data. This type of methodology is known as:

answer

participant observation

question

A testable statement about the relationship between two or more variables is called a(n):

answer

hypothesis

question

Interpretive sociologists examine meanings attached to behaviors. This leads them to use which of the following measures most commonly?

answer

qualitative

question

Which of the following is more difficult to do in social science research?

answer

to establish that something is the cause of something else

question

Although qualitative studies are rich in detail and offer an in-depth look at a particular population and/or phenomenon, due to their limited scope they sometimes suffer from low:

answer

generalizability.

question

One of the positive outcomes of sociology's long-term male dominance is:

answer

the evolution of feminist methodology to complement it and add to the scientific accumulation of knowledge.

question

A standard yardstick measures 36 inches, but Sarah is using a \"faulty\" yardstick (one that measures 40 inches long) to measure the campers in her youth group. Sarah will not get a(n) ____________ indication of height, but she will have a(n) ____________ measure of height.

answer

valid; reliable

question

Social research aimed at influencing public policy and society as a whole is referred to as:

answer

historical sociology. private sociology. public sociology. --NOT: feminist sociology.

question

A potential shortcoming of survey research is that surveys:

answer

rely on people's honesty and willingness to cooperate.

question

Sometimes a researcher may find it necessary to go against the ethical norms of informed consent and voluntary participation. Which of the following would NOT be considered one of these times?

answer

when the researcher's subjects are underage, incarcerated, or pregnant

question

Harry's study compared how the posts on Craigslist of \"men seeking women\" differed from the posts of \"women seeking men.\" What research method was Harry using when he compared how often men and women mentioned particular characteristics (e.g., attractive, sexy, athletic, professional, educated)?

answer

historical methods content analysis interviews --NOT: comparative research

question

Which of the following is an example of a correlation?

answer

People with higher levels of income tend to enjoy better overall health.

question

____________ is probably the best method available to the social scientist interested in collecting original data and for describing a population too large to observe directly.

answer

survey research

question

Comparative research usually involves studying:

answer

two cultures that have a good number of things in common but differ in one important dimension—this dimension becomes the subject of the study.

question

Jackson is using newspaper articles dating from the early 1950s to study unofficial attitudes toward working women post-World War II. Jackson is using what research method?

answer

historical methods

question

Which of the following is true regarding value judgments made by sociologists conducting research?

answer

Every sociologist makes some value judgments, even about the problems and topics he or she chooses to study.

question

Because they are an accessible population, sociologists sometimes use undergraduate students in their research. In relation to the concept of generalizability in science, this tendency could represent a potential defect in research because:

answer

college undergraduates do not have the right to refuse without suffering negative con-sequences. the experiences of college undergraduates do not provide a legitimate empirical re-source. college undergraduates are not typical of the public at large. --NOT: college undergraduates are not a subset of the general population.

question

If a field researcher cannot reveal that a study is being done for fear that this revelation might significantly affect the social processes being studied, he or she is finding out that:

answer

it is sometimes difficult to follow the norms of voluntary participation and informed con-sent.

question

All of the following are strengths of the case study method EXCEPT that it is:

answer

useful for creating large-scale generalizations.

question

Perhaps the most important outcome of feminist methodology is that:

answer

the focus on women's experiences, in addition to men's experiences, has increased the generalizability of the research.

question

In establishing causation, it helps to know which variable precedes the other in time. If not, it is easy to make a mistake involving:

answer

reverse causality. spurious causality. time order. --NOT: alternative explanations.

question

The main reason that achieving high response rates and limiting selection bias are so important is that they lead to:

answer

decreasing generalizability.

question

Charles is a sociologist studying a population of gay fathers in the United States. He interviews 200 men in his data collection. These 200 men constitute what researchers call a:

answer

sample

question

A variable that is thought to cause a change in another variable is called the:

answer

independent

question

All of the following are factors needed to establish causality EXCEPT:

answer

panel study results.

question

The more consistent the results given by repeated measurements, the higher the ____________ of the measurement procedure (and vice versa).

answer

reliability

question

The extent to which a researcher can claim that his or her findings explain a larger population than was studied is known as:

answer

generalizibility

question

Which approach to sociological research starts with empirical observations and then works to form a theory?

answer

inductive

question

When a researcher is successful at measuring what he or she intends to measure, this is called:

answer

validity

question

The subset of a population from which a researcher collects data is known as a:

answer

sample

question

When one factor is said to influence another factor, we refer to this as:

answer

causality

question

To define a term (or variable) in such a way that it can be examined and measured is the process known as:

answer

operationalization.

question

Harry's study compared how the posts on Craigslist of \"men seeking women\" differed from the posts of \"women seeking men.\" What research method was Harry using when he compared how often men and women mentioned particular characteristics (e.g., attractive, sexy, athletic, professional, educated)?

answer

content analysis

question

What is a moderating variable?

answer

a factor that affects the relationship between the independent and dependent variables

question

Ethnographer Mitchell Duneier spent five years hanging out with booksellers on the streets of Manhattan. His role as both researcher and participant provides a great example of the importance of:

answer

critically assessing how our role as researchers may affect the people we study.

question

Positivist sociologists tend to use which of the following types of measures?

answer

quantitative

question

Mitchell Duneier's study of homeless men on New York City's Sixth Avenue involved hanging out with his research subjects to collect data. This type of methodology is known as:

answer

participant observation.

question

Sandra Harding's (1987) three elements of feminist research include all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

prioritizing women's and girls' experiences over men's and boys' experiences.

question

A standard yardstick measures 36 inches, but Sarah is using a \"faulty\" yardstick (one that measures 40 inches long) to measure the campers in her youth group. Sarah will not get a(n) ____________ indication of height, but she will have a(n) ____________ measure of height.

answer

valid; reliable

question

Sometimes a researcher may find it necessary to go against the ethical norms of informed consent and voluntary participation. Which of the following would NOT be considered one of these times?

answer

when the researcher's subjects are underage, incarcerated, or pregnant

question

If a sociologist studies one high school in a study of the effectiveness of its Parent-Teacher Association, he or she is using which of the following research methods?

answer

case study

question

Which of the following is an example of a correlation?

answer

People with higher levels of income tend to enjoy better overall health.x

question

What is the meaning of the term white coat effects in social research?

answer

the impact researchers have on the people/relationships they study

question

Jackson is using newspaper articles dating from the early 1950s to study unofficial attitudes toward working women post-World War II. Jackson is using what research method?

answer

historical methods

question

Which of the following is true regarding value judgments made by sociologists conducting research?

answer

Every sociologist makes some value judgments, even about the problems and topics he or she chooses to study.

question

If a field researcher cannot reveal that a study is being done for fear that this revelation might significantly affect the social processes being studied, he or she is finding out that:

answer

it is sometimes difficult to follow the norms of voluntary participation and informed con-sent.

question

In establishing causation, it helps to know which variable precedes the other in time. If not, it is easy to make a mistake involving:

answer

reverse causality.

question

Comparative research usually involves studying:

answer

two cultures that have a good number of things in common but differ in one important dimension—this dimension becomes the subject of the study.

question

Because they are an accessible population, sociologists sometimes use undergraduate students in their research. In relation to the concept of generalizability in science, this tendency could represent a potential defect in research because:

answer

college undergraduates are not typical of the public at large.

question

All of the following are strengths of the case study method EXCEPT that it is:

answer

useful for creating large-scale generalizations.

question

Perhaps the most important outcome of feminist methodology is that:

answer

the focus on women's experiences, in addition to men's experiences, has increased the generalizability of the research.

question

validity

answer

When a researcher is successful at measuring what he or she intends to measure, this is called:

question

informed consent

answer

Research subjects have a right to know that they are participating in a study and what the study consists of. This is known as:

question

never debrief

answer

All of the following are described as golden rules of ethical conduct in social research EXCEPT:

question

association. causality. mediation. --NOT: correlation.

answer

When one factor is said to influence another factor, we refer to this as:

question

protected populations.

answer

A sociologist studying minor children, pregnant women, or inmates must get approval, as these groups are known as:

question

independent variable

answer

A variable that is thought to cause a change in another variable is called the:

question

a survey

answer

An ordered series of questions intended to elicit information from research respondents is known as:

question

reverse causality

answer

Martine is a sociologist who thinks that A is causing B, when in fact, B is causing A. She needs to be careful not to make the mistake known as:

question

dependent variable

answer

A variable that is thought to be influenced by another variable is known as the:

question

participant observation

answer

Mitchell Duneier's study of homeless men on New York City's Sixth Avenue involved hanging out with his research subjects to collect data. This type of methodology is known as:

question

hypothesis

answer

A testable statement about the relationship between two or more variables is called a(n):

question

qualitative

answer

Interpretive sociologists examine meanings attached to behaviors. This leads them to use which of the following measures most commonly?

question

to establish that something is the cause of something else

answer

Which of the following is more difficult to do in social science research?

question

generalizability.

answer

Although qualitative studies are rich in detail and offer an in-depth look at a particular population and/or phenomenon, due to their limited scope they sometimes suffer from low:

question

the evolution of feminist methodology to complement it and add to the scientific accumulation of knowledge.

answer

One of the positive outcomes of sociology's long-term male dominance is:

question

valid; reliable

answer

A standard yardstick measures 36 inches, but Sarah is using a \"faulty\" yardstick (one that measures 40 inches long) to measure the campers in her youth group. Sarah will not get a(n) ____________ indication of height, but she will have a(n) ____________ measure of height.

question

historical sociology. private sociology. public sociology. --NOT: feminist sociology.

answer

Social research aimed at influencing public policy and society as a whole is referred to as:

question

rely on people's honesty and willingness to cooperate.

answer

A potential shortcoming of survey research is that surveys:

question

when the researcher's subjects are underage, incarcerated, or pregnant

answer

Sometimes a researcher may find it necessary to go against the ethical norms of informed consent and voluntary participation. Which of the following would NOT be considered one of these times?

question

historical methods content analysis interviews --NOT: comparative research

answer

Harry's study compared how the posts on Craigslist of \"men seeking women\" differed from the posts of \"women seeking men.\" What research method was Harry using when he compared how often men and women mentioned particular characteristics (e.g., attractive, sexy, athletic, professional, educated)?

question

People with higher levels of income tend to enjoy better overall health.

answer

Which of the following is an example of a correlation?

question

survey research

answer

____________ is probably the best method available to the social scientist interested in collecting original data and for describing a population too large to observe directly.

question

two cultures that have a good number of things in common but differ in one important dimension—this dimension becomes the subject of the study.

answer

Comparative research usually involves studying:

question

historical methods

answer

Jackson is using newspaper articles dating from the early 1950s to study unofficial attitudes toward working women post-World War II. Jackson is using what research method?

question

Every sociologist makes some value judgments, even about the problems and topics he or she chooses to study.

answer

Which of the following is true regarding value judgments made by sociologists conducting research?

question

college undergraduates do not have the right to refuse without suffering negative con-sequences. the experiences of college undergraduates do not provide a legitimate empirical re-source. college undergraduates are not typical of the public at large. --NOT: college undergraduates are not a subset of the general population.

answer

Because they are an accessible population, sociologists sometimes use undergraduate students in their research. In relation to the concept of generalizability in science, this tendency could represent a potential defect in research because:

question

it is sometimes difficult to follow the norms of voluntary participation and informed con-sent.

answer

If a field researcher cannot reveal that a study is being done for fear that this revelation might significantly affect the social processes being studied, he or she is finding out that:

question

useful for creating large-scale generalizations.

answer

All of the following are strengths of the case study method EXCEPT that it is:

question

the focus on women's experiences, in addition to men's experiences, has increased the generalizability of the research.

answer

Perhaps the most important outcome of feminist methodology is that:

question

reverse causality. spurious causality. time order. --NOT: alternative explanations.

answer

In establishing causation, it helps to know which variable precedes the other in time. If not, it is easy to make a mistake involving:

Ch. 2, SYG2000 Ch 2, Ch. 2

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