Ch. 2 History "Voices of Freedom" – Flashcards

A: Powhatan seeks copper, swords, to arm his people for protection against the armed John Smith. John Smith seeks corn and food for his men. A: Each group has something the other wants but is reluctant to trade because by the act of trading they cause the opposite group to gain strength.

A: The promotion of family life by the Virginia Company in the colony was an act to create roots in the area. Without a family life, one was not likely to stay in that location working the land but was likely to move somewhere else. A: The company prefers women to marry landowning men because these men were much more likely to be able to provide for their wives as compared with servants.

A: The law only pertained to those that were Christians, all others were excluded. A: Most nations and colonies had strict laws regarding religion and had outlawed various religions that rulers deemed dangerous or disruptive. Maryland was established in 1653 as a grant of land by Celcelius Calvert, a catholic who hoped that protestants and catholics could live in harmony. In 1640's Maryland had a civil uprising due to a civil war that was taking place in England between protestants and catholics. In 1649, to restore order, Maryland institutionalized the principle of toleration that had prevailed from the colony's beginning.

A: Winthrop uses the analogy of a women in the act of choosing her husband, she is choosing to be subject to him. She has the liberty of choice. It is this liberty that is analogous with Winthrop's understanding of "Moral Liberty". Which is "the proper end and object of authority, and cannot subsist without it; and it is a liberty that only which is good, just, and honest. Moral liberty meant obedience to religious and governmental authority. So in this sense one has the liberty to obey the laws, and in the case of a women, her husband. A: Natural Liberty, or acting without restraint is a "liberty to do evil as well as good". Winthrop insists that this liberty is "incompatible and inconsistent with authority. The exercise of maintaining of this liberty makes men grow more evil, and in time to be worse than brute beasts."

A: - Holding a general assembly (mtg) in her home to discuss religion. - Dishonoring her mother and father by holding the meeting (5th Amendment) - Stating that God contacted her directly through a revelation A: The puritan leaders value order more so than religious freedom. Not total religious freedom

Q: He did not advocate an "infinite liberty of conscience", his idea of liberty was that "no one should be forced to follow any particular religious belief, this did not lessen the requirement that all members of a community must obey the masters and officers in charge of civil matters." - so basically he didn't want people to be forced to follow a certain religion but he thought it necessary for society to function for members of society to obey all civil laws A: The strengths are that the ship allows for complete religious freedom among all mentioned religions. - He calls for justice, peace and sobriety Weakness: Religious freedom would not be okay on land to any groups outside of Christians. - You are not to question authority - "If any should rise up against their commanders and officers and officers; if any should preach or write that there ought to be no commanders or officers, because we are all equal in Christ, therefore no masters nor officers, no laws nor orders, nor corrections nor punishments, i Say , i never denied" But "the commander may judge, resist, compel and punish such transgressors according to their deserts and merits." He is allowing for questioning of authority, but at the same time saying it is bad.

A: The Levelers are criticizing the monarchy and its right to be above the law. A: - Freedom of Conscience with regards to Religion "Matters of religion and the way of God's worship are not at all entrusted by us to any human power, because therein we can not remit tor exceed a title of what our consciences dictate to be the mind of God.." - Equality under the laws "That all laws made or the be made every person may b bound alike, and that no tenure, estate, charter, degree, birth, or place do confer any exception from the ordinary course of legal proceedings.." - Right to vote