question

small groups of sounds; each one has one vowel sound and at least one consonant sound

answer

syllables

question

punctuation at the end of a sentence that shows strong feelings or surprise

answer

exclamation point

question

writing to explain

answer

expository composition

question

descriptive words that help you see, hear, smell, taste, or touch something

answer

sensory words

question

when a word, phrase, or idea is repeated

answer

repetition

question

describes one thing by comparing it to another thing; often uses sensory details

answer

metaphor

question

a, e, i, o, u (and sometimes w and y)

answer

vowels

question

the vowel sounds in cat, bed, big, hop and cut. The vocal cords are more relaxed when producing these vowel sounds

answer

short vowels

question

These vowel sounds "say their letter name." The vocal cords are tense when producing these vowel sounds. The vowel sounds heard in cake, sleep, pie, boat and use.

answer

long vowels

question

words and sentences around a new word; you can use this to find the meaning of a new word

answer

context

question

pictures used in an expository text to make information clear and easy to understand

answer

diagrams

question

reason something happens

answer

cause

question

the result; what happens

answer

effect

question

key words that help you understand a reading; they show sequence, details, change or contrast

answer

signpost words

question

because, since, as a result of

answer

signpost words for 'cause'

question

so that, therefore

answer

signpost words for 'effect'

question

sentences that give information or facts and end with a period

answer

declarative sentences

question

sentences that ask a question and end with a question mark

answer

interrogative sentences

question

Sentences that give instructions, commands or orders. Commands with strong feeling end with an exclamation point

answer

imperative sentences

question

the first paragraph of a composition; it has the main idea

answer

introduction

question

the middle paragraph(s) of a composition; it has supporting facts and details

answer

body

question

the last paragraph of a composition; it summarizes important details/restates the main idea

answer

conclusion

question

adjectives that compare things using more and -er -for adjectives that end in 'e', just add 'r' -for adjectives that end in 'y' change 'y' to 'i' and add 'er' -for adjectives that end in consonant-vowel-consonant (c,v,c), double the last consonant and add 'er

answer

comparative adjectives

question

adjectives used to compare one thing to two or more other things using most or 'est'

answer

superlative adjectives

question

best

answer

superlative of good

question

worst

answer

superlative for bad

question

tonight, tomorrow, next week/Friday/month/year

answer

future time words

question

am going to; are going to; is going to

answer

future tense with be + going to

question

back, again

answer

re-

question

not

answer

un

question

before

answer

pre

question

not, opposite

answer

dis

question

/kw/; always followed by the letter 'u'

answer

q

question

a group of letters added to the beginning of a word that change its meaning Ex: re,un,pre,dis

answer

prefix

question

first, next, later, then, finally

answer

signpost words for sequence

question

also, for example, for instance, from now on

answer

signpost words for details to be added

question

however, on the other hand, but

answer

signpost words to show change or contrast

question

reasons characters do things ex: why the mouse runs fast

answer

motivations

question

capitalize all holidays and special events, names of streets, cities, states, and countries Capitalize important words in a title ex: Fourth of July, Elizabethtown

answer

Capitalization rules

question

what happens in a story; there is a beginning, middle and end/conclusion

answer

plot

question

book that provides meanings of new words and how to pronounce them; you need it as you read more difficult texts

answer

dictionary

question

section of a dictionary that has a word, its pronunciation between slashes (/ /), the part of speech (noun, verb, etc.), one or more definitions, and an example of the word used in a sentence

answer

dictionary entry

question

charts, graphs that show information in pictures, illustrations

answer

visual aids

question

use color for special words or ideas in a text

answer

highlight

question

the main reason why the author writes a poem, a story, an article, or a book ex: persuade, inform, entertain, narrate

answer

author's purpose

question

a purpose for writing:to give you new information or to teach ex: newspaper articles, biographies, textbooks

answer

inform

question

a purpose for writing:to tell a story

answer

narrate

question

a purpose for writing:to change your mind about something or ask you to do something

answer

persuade

question

a purpose for writing: to make you laugh or smile Ex: mystery novels, fairly tales, comic books

answer

entertain

question

questions asked to make something understandable ex: Do you mean...? Is this the right...?

answer

clarifying questions

question

words that take the place of nouns (NOT subject nouns) that come after the verb or after a preposition

answer

object pronouns

question

group of letters added to the end of a root word that changes the meaning of the root word

answer

suffix

question

suffix that makes adjectives into adverbs, which describe actions

answer

-ly

question

suffix meaning "full of" that makes nouns into adjectives

answer

-ful

question

suffix that makes verbs into nouns ex: replacement, government

answer

-ment

question

punctuation used after the greeting in a business letter

answer

colon

question

letter written to a business ex: to apply for a job, make a complaint, or ask a question

answer

business letter

question

roots of the language of ancient Rome used in English, including many science words

answer

Latin roots

question

back

answer

re

question

to go

answer

cedere

question

to retell information using your own words; can be done in speaking or writing

answer

paraphrase

question

suffixes that mean someone who does something

answer

-er, -or, -ist

question

punctuation made with curved signs; used around words that give extra information or an explanation

answer

parentheses

question

tense used to talk about actions happening now verb + ing

answer

present continuous

question

used as the subject or as part of the subject of a sentence [I, you, he, she, it, we, they]

answer

subject pronoun

question

-most verb add 'ing -for verbs that end in 'e', drop the 'e' and add 'ing -for verbs with one syllable that end in a vowel and a consonant, double the consonant and add 'ing' stop ---> stopping

answer

ing rules

question

-command sentence that gives instructions, directions, or orders. It is like the simple present without a subject. Strong orders end with a '!' ex: Don't do that!

answer

imperative

question

rhyming words ex: -ite, -ight words

answer

word families

question

what someone thinks or believes; the ways people feel about things

answer

opinion

question

true information; something that can be proven ex: names, places, data, events

answer

fact

question

Who, what, when, where, why (and how)

answer

Wh- Questions

question

read fast, looking for key words and information

answer

scan

question

a word used to find more information on a topic; highlighted or bold printed words in a book ex: words that help you figure out how to do a word problem, such as how many

answer

key words

question

main idea; the topic you are writing about

answer

writing focus

question

titles for important parts of a reading; printed in bold type;found at the beginning of a main section to help you find information about a topic (photo: prologue, The Odyssey Begins)

answer

headings

question

information that is true

answer

facts

question

the most important point of a story or reading (photo: first sentence--Almost all frogs experience three stages in their life cycle)

answer

main idea

question

give examples or specific information; it supports the main idea Photo: Sentences 2,3 and 4

answer

details

question

punctuation rule used for the name of a book or a newspaper when you write it (photo: Solar Energy)

answer

Underline

question

use to talk about one noun

answer

there is/there's

question

use to talk about more than one noun

answer

there are

question

article used before singular nouns that start with a consonant

answer

a

question

article used before singular nouns that start with a vowel

answer

an

question

words with the same meaning

answer

synonyms

question

is, are isn't, aren't

answer

be: Simple present

question

was, were wasn't, weren't

answer

be: Past tense

question

I, you, we, they DO he, she, it DOES

answer

do vs. does

question

the mark (') used to indicate the omission of one or more letters from a printed word or to show possession

answer

apostrophe

question

' + s Ex: Mrs. O's notebook.

answer

possessive nouns

question

he, she, it IS they, we, you AREThe pronoun 'I" is used with AM

answer

is vs. are

question

I, he, she, it WAS they, we, you WERE

answer

was vs. were

question

(conjunction) used in a sentence to explain WHY

answer

because

question

seeing, hearing, smelling, tasting, feeling

answer

five senses

question

words that are spelled the same and pronounced the same. However, they have different meanings.

answer

homonyms

question

I, me, my, myself

answer

first-person pronouns

question

a guess using the information you know; use pictures and key words to help you guess when you read

answer

prediction

question

group of words that expresses a complete thought and contains a subject and a verb

answer

complete sentence

question

a sentence without verb or subject

answer

incomplete sentence

question

used by writers to make "pictures with words", which makes the story more interesting

answer

figurative language

question

a kind or figurative language. It uses the word 'like' or 'as' to compare things Example: She runs like the wind.

answer

simile

question

a reading technique used to build reading fluency. Read several words with expression, rather than reading word by word.

answer

reading key phrases

question

words that sound the same but have different spellings and meanings

answer

homophones

question

part of a verb; also a preposition example: I want ___ read my book. example: I went ___ the store.

answer

to

question

2 Example: My ______ shoes are beside the bed.

answer

two

question

also example: My books are at home. My notebook is at home, ______.

answer

too

question

it is example: I lost my backpack. ________ not in my bedroom.

answer

it's

question

possessive adjective for something belonging to 'it' example: I like that house and especially _______ porch.

answer

its

question

possessive adjective for something belonging to 'them' example: _______ room is usually messy.

answer

their

question

they are example: ______________ always quiet.

answer

they're

question

place example: My house is over ____________ by the mall.

answer

there

question

instructions on what and how to write before you do it

answer

writing prompt

question

The process of writing down ideas and comments in any order without attention to sequence, logic, and sentence structure.

answer

brainstorm

question

the first version of your essay

answer

first draft/rough draft

question

make changes to a document by correcting spelling, punctuation, capitalization

answer

edit

question

to change in order to improve or to include new information Example: making writing sound better by adding more details and organizing ideas in an order that makes sense

answer

revise

question

the final copy of a piece of writing

answer

publish

question

the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words Example: with my Porch and my Pillows, my Pretty, Purple Petunias.

answer

alliteration

question

a sentence that shows strong feelings, such as surprise, great happiness or sadness, or anger. It usually ends in an exclamation mark. example: I am so happy we won the game!

answer

exclamatory sentence

question

who or what is doing something in a sentence. It is a noun

answer

subject

question

what the subject of the sentence is doing. It is a verb

answer

predicate

question

a purpose for writing to describe. For example, hand puppet directions describe how to use a hand puppet.

answer

Describe

question

a purpose for writing to try to get people to do something or believe something. For example, advertisements try to get people to buy things.

answer

Persuade

question

WHY you are reading: for example--to get information, entertainment, make a decision, to do a task.

answer

purpose for reading

question

short form of a word

answer

abbreviation

question

tells about an action in the past add 'ed' to most verbs add 'd' to verbs that end in 'e'

answer

simple past tense

question

had

answer

past tense of have

question

did

answer

past tense of do

question

went

answer

past tense of go

question

said

answer

past tense of say

question

took

answer

past tense of take

question

wrote

answer

past tense of write

question

got

answer

past tense of get

question

gave

answer

past tense of give

question

made

answer

past tense of make

question

met

answer

past tense of meet

question

read

answer

past tense of read

question

rode

answer

past tense of ride

question

ran

answer

past tense of run

question

sang

answer

past tense of sing

question

spoke

answer

past tense of speak

question

stood

answer

past tense of stand

question

swam

answer

past tense of swim

question

verbs that do not add 'ed' for the simple past

answer

irregular verbs

question

was, wasn't

answer

simple past of 'be' for I, he, she, it

question

were, weren't

answer

simple past of 'be' for you, we, they

question

change the 'y' to 'i' and add 'ed' example: study-->studied

answer

Simple past of verbs ending in consonant + y

question

date, heading, greeting, body, closing, signature

answer

Parts of a friendly letter

question

words that mean the same thing It helps you build your vocabulary and makes your speaking and writing interesting

answer

synonym

question

thesaurus

answer

A listing of words with synonyms and antonyms.

question

a story with characters, a setting, and a plot

answer

narrative

question

the time and place of the story

answer

setting

question

the order of events; the order things happen in a narrative

answer

sequence

question

before anything else The blond student is __________ in line.

answer

first

question

soon afterward The students line up and ________ they go outside for the fire drill

answer

then

question

coming immediately after The student in the blue shirt goes first. ____________ the student in the red shirt goes.

answer

the item at the end From the left to right, the students have on a blue shirt, red shirt, green shirt and _________ a pink shirt

answer

finally/ at last

question

words made from two smaller words example: note + book = notebook

answer

compound words

question

short forms of two words example: did + not = didn't

answer

contractions

question

punctuation that shows what people say Put a mark like this ( " ) where the speaker's words start and another mark like this ( " ) where the speaker's words stop; used for titles of articles in newspapers and magazines

answer

quotation marks

question

punctuation mark used after a greeting in a friendly letter. Also, put a __________ between a quotation and the speaker of the quotation Example: Dear Sarah, "Let me clean the car," Ramon said.

answer

comma

question

A classroom activity in which students act out roles in a given situation.

answer

role play

question

meaning of a word

answer

definition

question

text that is slanted to the right; it is used when you type the name of books or newspapers

answer

italics

question

texts that give you information Example: textbook

answer

expository text

question

helps you find information about a main topic; found at the beginning of a book, chapter, or reading

answer

title

question

helps you find information about a specific word; found at the end of a book; words are in alphabetical order

answer

index

question

tells what a word means; found at the end of a book

answer

glossary

question

say or write the most important ideas and details

answer

summarize

question

put a comma after each part of a series (has three or more parts)

answer

commas in a series

question

writing about characters and events that the writer makes up; not real Examples: myths, folktales, short stories

answer

fiction

question

writing about real people and events Examples: Social Studies textbook, Science textbook

answer

nonfiction

question

people or animals in the story

answer

characters

question

A traditional story about gods, ancestors, or heroes, told to explain the natural world or the customs and beliefs of a society

answer

myth

question

A story, often with a message, that was initially passed on by word of mouth from generation to generation Example: How Bear Lost His Tail

answer

folktale

question

brief work of fiction intended to be read in one sitting

answer

short story

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