Medical Terminology Unit 5: Muscles, Bones, and Joints – Flashcards
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acromi/o
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acromion process
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arthr/o
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joint
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calcane/o
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heel bone
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carp/o
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carpal bone
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cervic/o
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cervical, neck
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chondr/o
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cartilage
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clavicul/o
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clavicle
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cleid/o
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clavicle
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coccyg/o
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coccyx
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condyl/o
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condyle
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cost/o
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rib
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crani/o
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skull
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dent/o
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tooth
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disk/o
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disk
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fibul/o
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fibula
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femor/o
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femur
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humer/o
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humerus
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ischi/o
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ischium
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kinesi/o
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movement
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kyph/o
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humpback
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lamin/o
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lamina
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lord/o
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swayback
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lumb/o
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lumbar spine or region
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malac/o
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softening
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metacarp/o
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metacarpal bone
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muscul/o
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muscle
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odont/o
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teeth
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orth/o
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straight
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oste/o
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bone
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pelv/i, pelv/o
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pelvic
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phalang/o
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phalanges
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por/o
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porous
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pub/o
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pubis
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radi/o
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radium
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rhemat/o
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rheumatism
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sacr/o
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sacrum
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scoli/o
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crooked
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skelet/o
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skeleton
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spondyl/o
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spine
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stern/o
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sternum
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ten/o, tendon/o, tendin/o
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tendon
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thorac/o
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thorax
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tibi/o
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tibia
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uln/o
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ulna
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xiph/o
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xiphoid process
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a-, an-
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without
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de-
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down from, less than
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dys-
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difficulty or painful
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epi-
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upon
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inter-
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between
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meta-
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beyond
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peri-
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around, near
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supra-
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above or on the topside
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-ar, al, ic
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pertaining to
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-centesis
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surgical puncture to remove fluid
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-ist
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specialist
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-oid
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resembling
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-plasia
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development
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-plasty
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surgical repair
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-plegia
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paralysis
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-taxia
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condition of muscular coordination or muscular actions
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osteopathy
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disease of the bones
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oseoitis
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inflammation of bones
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osteomalacia
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softening of the bones; adult equivalent of rickets; caused by low intake of phosphorus and calcium
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craniomalacia
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softening of the skull
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osteoma
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hard outgrowth on a bone; a tumor
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osteosarcoma
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cancerous tumor of the bone
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decalcification
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process of removing calcium from the bone
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osteoporosis
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disease condition of the bone in which there is deterioration of the bone matrix
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arthroscope
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an instrument used to view a joint
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osteoarthropathy
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any disease involving bones and joints
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arthroplasty
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surgical repair of a joint
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arthritis
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inflammation of a joint
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osteoarthritis
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type of arthritis associated with bone degeneration
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rheumatism
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includes many different conditions that are characterized by inflammation, degeneration, and connective tissue changes, especially in the joints
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rheumatologist
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a physician specialist who treats arthritic disorders
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rheumatology
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the research and application for new treatments for arthritis
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arthrotomy
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incision into a joint
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osteochondritis
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inflammation of bone and cartilage
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chondralgia
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pain in or around cartilage
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chondrodysplasia
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defective development of cartilage
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osteochondrodysplasia
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defective formation of bone and cartilage
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tenoplasty
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surgical repair of tendons
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tenalgia
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tendon pain
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tendonitis
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inflammation of a tendon
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chondrocostal
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pertaining to cartilage and ribs
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costectomy
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excision of a rib
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costal
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pertaining to the ribs
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intercostal
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between the ribs; pertaining to the muscles between the ribs
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interchondral
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between cartilages
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interdental
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pertaining to between the teeth
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dentalgia
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pain in the teeth, toothache
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dental hygienist
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cleans and x-rays teeth
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dentoid
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resembling a tooth
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dentifrice
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used for cleaning teeth
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orthodontist
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a dentist who specializes in straightening abnormally positioned teeth
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orthopedics
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specialty pertaining to the correction of deformities in the musculoskeletal system
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orthopedist
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the physician who performs surgery on the skeletal system
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periodontal disease
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disease around or near the teeth
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periodontist
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dentist that treats disease of tissues around the teeth
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endodontist
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dentist that treats disorders of the dental pulp and root
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lumbar
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pertaining to the lower back
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thoracolumbar
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pertaining to the chest and lower back
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thoracopathy
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any chest disease
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thoracotomy
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incision of the chest
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thoracocentesis
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surgical tapping of the chest to remove fluid
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pleurocentesis
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a surgical puncture of the lung cavity to remove fluid
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kyphosis
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posterior curvature
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scoliosis
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an s-shaped lateral curve to the spine
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lordosis
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anterior curvature
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supralumbar
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above the lumbar region/ above the lower back
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supracostal
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above the ribs
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supracranial
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the surface of the head on top of the skull
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pubis
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a bone of the anterior pelvis
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puborectal
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pertaining to the pubis and the rectum
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pelvimetry
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measure one's pelvis size
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suprapelvic
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above the pelvis
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cephalometer
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instrument used to measure the head
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ischiorectal
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pertaining to the ischium and rectum
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ischiocele
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herniation through the sciatic notch in the ischium
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ischiopubic
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pertaining to the ischium and pubis
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cervical vertebrae
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the vertebrae of the neck
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sacroiliac joint
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the joint between the sacrum and the ilium
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sacrosciatic
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pertaining to the sacrum and the sciatic nerve
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coccygectomy
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removal of the coccyx
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diskectomy
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removal of a herniated disk
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laminectomy
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removal of the lamina
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spondylitis
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inflammation of one or more vertebrae
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spondylolistesis
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when a vertebra slips forward or downward, the disk below it will be pinched and the vertebra below it will become displaced; a forward slippage of the lumbar vertebrae
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spondylosis
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a general condition of the spine
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humerus
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the bone of the upper arm
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radioulnar
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pertaining to the radium and the ulna
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carpal
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pertaining to the wrist or carpus
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carpectomy
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excision of part or all of the wrist
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carpometalcarpal
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pertaining to the wrist and metacarpals
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metacarpals
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the bones in the hand beyond the carpals
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phalanges
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bones of the finger
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phalangectomy
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excision of the phalanx
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acromion
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a projection of the scapula
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acromiohumeral
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pertaining to the acromion and humerus
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acromioscapular
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pertaining to the acromion and scapula
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femorotibial
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pertaining to the femur and tibia
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tibiofibular
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pertaining to the tibia and fibula
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fibulocalcaneal
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pertaining to the fibula and calcaneus
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calcaneal
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pertaining to the heel
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sternum
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the breast bone
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sternopericardial
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pertaining to the sternum and pericardium
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sternocostal
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pertaining to the sternum and ribs
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sternalgia
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pain in the sternum
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xiphoid
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swordlike; projection at the inferior end of the sternum
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xiphocostal
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pertaining to the xiphoid process and the ribs
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condyle
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a rounded process that occurs on many bones
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condyloid
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resembling a condyle
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epicondyle
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above a condyle
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myocarditis
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inflammation of the heart muscle
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myocardium
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heart muscle
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myasthenia
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condition of weakness and loss of muscle
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myorrhexis
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rupture of a muscle
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myodynia/ myalgia
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muscle pain
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myofibroma/ lieomyoma
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fibrous muscle tumor
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myolipoma
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muscle and fat tumor
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myopathy
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muscle disease
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bradykinesia
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slowness of movement
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kinesialgia
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pain on movement
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kinesiology
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study of how the body moves
