question

an interdisciplinary field that integrates behavioral and medical knowledge and applies that knowledge to health and disease

answer

behavioral medicine

question

a subfield of psychology that provides psychology's contribution to behavioral medicine

answer

health psychology

question

the process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as threatening or challenging

answer

stress

question

confirmed that stress response is part of unified mind-body system

answer

Walter Cannon

question

Emotion-arousing incidents all trigger an outpouring of the stress hormones _____ and _____ from the ______ glands.

answer

epinephrine; norepinephrine; adrenal

question

When alerted by any of a number of brain pathways, the sympathetic nervous system increases heart rate and respiration, diverts blood form digestion to the skeletal muscles, dulls pain, and releases sugar and fat form the body's stores--all to prepare the body for the _______ response.

answer

fight or flight

question

On orders from the cerebral cortex, the outer part of the adrenal glands secretes ________ stress hormones such as ______.

answer

glucocorticoid; cortisol

question

On orders from the ______ cortex, the outer part of the _____ glands secretes glucocorticoid stress hormones such as cortisol.

answer

cerebral; adrenal

question

Selye's concept of the body's adaptive response to stress in three stages--alarm, resistance, exhaustion.

answer

general adaptation syndrome

question

In Phase 1 of GAS, you experience an _______.

answer

alarm reaction

question

In Phase 2 of GAS, you experience ______.

answer

resistance

question

In Phase 3 of GAS, you experience ________.

answer

exhaustion

question

Although the human body comes designed to cope with _____ stress, _____ stress can produce physical deterioration.

answer

temporary; prolonged

question

People who have experienced prolonged flood of stress hormones, due to sustained child abuse, combat, or endocrine disease, usually have a shrunken ________, the inner brain structure vital to laying down explicit memories.

answer

hippocampus

question

the clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle; the leading cause of death in many developed countries

answer

coronary heart disease

question

Friedman and Rosenman's term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone people

answer

Type A

question

Friedman and Rosenman's term for easygoing, relaxed people.

answer

Type B

question

257 men had suffered heart attacks; 60 percent of them were _____.

answer

Type A

question

literally, "mind-body" illness; any stress-related physical illness, such as hypertension and some headaches.

answer

psychophysiological illness

question

the two types of white blood cells that are part of the body's immune system

answer

lymphocytes

question

form in the bone marrow and release antibodies that fight bacterial infections

answer

B lymphocytes

question

form in the thymus and other lymphatic tissue and attack cancer cells, viruses, and foreign substances

answer

T lymphocytes

question

agent of the immune system that identifies, pursues, and ingests harmful invaders

answer

macrophage

question

Women are immunologically ____ than men. This makes them ____ susceptible to infections but ____ susceptible to self-attacking diseases, such as lupus and multiple sclerosis.

answer

stronger; less; more

question

____ and _________ have been linked to cancer's rate of progression.

answer

stress; negative emotions

question

If conditioning affects the body's overt physiological responses, might it affect the immune system as well? _____ and ______ discovered that the answer is yes.

answer

Ader; Cohen

question

alleviating stress using emotional, cognitive, or behavioral methods

answer

cope

question

attempting to alleviate stress directly--by changing the stressor or the way we interact with that stressor

answer

problem-focused coping

question

attempting to alleviate stress by avoiding or ignoring a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to one's stress reaction

answer

emotion-focused coping

question

Perceiving a loss of ____, we become vulnerable to ill health.

answer

control

question

high __________ predicts a lower risk of heart and respiratory diseases.

answer

economic status

question

Optimists respond to stress with smaller increases in ______, and they recover more quickly from _______ surgery.

answer

blood pressure; heart bypass

question

Optimists tend to ____ pessimists.

answer

outlive

question

People with supportive friends and marriage partners ___ better, _____ more, ____ better, and ____ less, and therefore cope with stress more effectively.

answer

eat; exercise; sleep; smoke

question

Talking about a stressful event can temporarily ____ people, but in the long run it ____ them.

answer

arouse; calms

question

sustained exercise that increases heart and lung fitness; may also alleviate depression and anxiety.

answer

aerobic exercise

question

Exercise orders up mood-boosing chemicals such as _______, _____, and the ______.

answer

norepinephrine, serotonin; endorphins

question

Exercise enhances _____ abilities, such as ______.

answer

cognitive; memory

question

Exercise promotes the growth of new _________.

answer

brain cells

question

a system for electronically recording, amplifying, and feeding back information regarding a subtle physiological state, such s blood pressure or muscle tension.

answer

biofeedback

question

unproven health care treatments not taught widely in medical schools, not used in hospitals, and not usually reimbursed by insurance companies

answer

complementary and alternative medicine

question

when experienced meditators decrease their blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen consumption and raise their fingertip temperature

answer

relaxation response

question

During meditation, a part of the _________ that tracks where we are in space is less active than usual, and a _______ rare involved in focused attention is more active than usual.

answer

parietal lobe; frontal lobe

question

Several new studies find the __________ correlation among men alone, and even more strongly among women.

answer

religiosity-longevity

question

Smoking is a ______ disease.

answer

pediatric

question

Smokers and nonsmokers tend to differ in a gene that influences responses to the neurotransmitter _____.

answer

dopamine

question

All but ____ of participants in treatments to stop smoking eventually succumb to the habit again.

answer

one-fifth

question

___ of Americans who have ever smoked have quit.

answer

half

question

The male smoking rate now barely ___ that of women.

answer

exceeds

question

Once the number of fat cells in a person's body _______, it never _____.

answer

increases; decreases

question

On a diet, fat cells may ____, but they never _____.

answer

shrink; disappear

question

We require less food to ______ our weight than we did to ____ it.

answer

maintain; attain

AP Psych Chapter 14 – Stress & Health – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards